Exploration and Colonization Flashcards
(13 cards)
What were the main reasons for exploration?
Wealth, religion, expand empires, claim territory, and find new trade routes to Asia through the Northwest Passage (3 Gs).
What territories did Spain claim?
Florida, Texas, and California; they built missions.
What was France’s primary reason for claiming land in the New World?
To profit from fur trading, particularly beaver.
What characterized the New England colonies?
Rocky soil, cold climate, harbors, fishing, lumber, shipbuilding, and whaling; founded for religious freedom.
Why did Roger Williams leave Massachusetts?
To escape religious persecution; he founded Rhode Island.
What was Massachusetts known for?
A New England colony founded by Puritans/Pilgrims for religious freedom; Boston is a major port city.
What were the characteristics of the Middle colonies?
Rich farmland and a moderate climate; they grew oats, wheat, grain, and raised livestock.
Who were the Quakers?
The first anti-slavery group; they lived in Pennsylvania, known as the bread basket.
What defined the Southern Colonies?
Fertile soil, warm climate, and cash crops; the Transatlantic Slave Trade provided slave labor for plantations, founded mainly for economic reasons.
What was significant about Jamestown, Virginia?
It was founded in 1607.
Why was Maryland founded?
For Catholics seeking religious freedom.
What were the reasons for the growth of representatives/self-government?
Distance from Britain, Pilgrims’ Mayflower Compact (social contract), Virginia House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, First Great Awakening, and John Locke’s ideas (life, liberty, property).
What is mercantilism?
A system where Britain controlled colonial trade, which angered the colonists (mother country).
