Industrial Revolution Flashcards
(15 cards)
What were the effects of steamboats and railroads?
They resulted in faster, more efficient transportation of goods and people; the price of goods decreased.
Who invented the telegraph and what was its purpose?
The telegraph was invented by Samuel Morse to communicate rapidly over long distances using Morse code.
What is urbanization in the context of the 19th century?
Urbanization refers to people moving to northern cities for factory work, leading to rapid city growth.
Why did Irish immigrants come to the U.S.?
They came because of the potato famine; others sought economic opportunity and worked in northern factories.
What was the Missouri Compromise?
It temporarily relieved sectional differences by maintaining the balance between the number of free and slave states in the Union (1820).
What were the sentiments of nativists towards immigrants?
Nativists blamed immigrants for taking jobs away from native-born citizens.
Why did Chinese immigrants come to the U.S.?
They came primarily for gold.
What was one effect of the War of 1812 on U.S. manufacturing?
U.S. manufacturing increased because of the boycott of British goods.
What was the Industrial Revolution?
A period of new inventions that helped farming and factories produce goods faster, making goods cheaper and increasing the need for workers.
Key figures include Samuel Slater and the Factory System.
What was the impact of the Cotton Gin?
It expanded cotton production and increased the need for agricultural labor, particularly slaves.
What are interchangeable parts?
An efficient way to produce goods that led to mass production and decreased prices.
What is free enterprise?
An economy with little government regulation, based on supply and demand, developed in response to strong colonial trade laws.
How did women’s roles change during this period?
Women began working outside the home, mainly in textile mills.
What are canals?
Man-made rivers that decreased the price of goods and contributed to the growth of Northeast cities, such as New York City.
The Erie Canal is a notable example.
