ext test 1 v2 Flashcards
(44 cards)
What characterizes the landscape of polar regions?
Icy, flat expanses with snow-covered ground, glaciers, and frozen oceans.
What is the climate like in polar regions?
Extremely cold year-round, with long, dark winters and short, cool summers; temperatures often below -30°C (-22°F).
What type of vegetation is found in polar regions?
Sparse; mostly mosses, lichens, and small shrubs; no trees.
Name three animals commonly found in polar regions.
- Polar bears
- Seals
- Penguins (in Antarctica)
What is the landscape of tundra regions like?
Flat or gently rolling plains with permafrost (permanently frozen soil).
Describe the climate of tundra regions.
Cold and dry; short summers with temperatures up to 10°C (50°F), long freezing winters.
What types of vegetation are found in tundra regions?
Low-growing plants like grasses, mosses, lichens, and dwarf shrubs; no tall trees.
List three animals that inhabit tundra regions.
- Caribou
- Arctic hares
- Snowy owls
What defines the landscape of boreal forests (taiga)?
Vast, dense forests with rolling hills and wetlands.
What is the climate like in boreal forests?
Cold with long winters (below freezing) and short, mild summers; moderate precipitation, often as snow.
What type of vegetation is typical in boreal forests?
Coniferous trees (pine, spruce, fir), some mosses and lichens.
Name three animals commonly found in boreal forests.
- Moose
- Bears
- Lynx
What characterizes the landscape of mountain vegetation?
Steep, rugged slopes with varying zones based on altitude (from forests to alpine meadows).
How does the climate vary in mountain regions?
Varies with elevation; colder and windier at higher altitudes, milder at lower levels.
What types of vegetation can be found in mountain regions?
Coniferous forests at lower elevations, shrubs and grasses higher up, sparse above the treeline.
List two animals that inhabit mountain regions.
- Mountain goats
- Snow leopards
What defines the landscape of temperate forests?
Rolling hills or flatlands covered in dense forests.
Describe the climate in temperate forests.
Moderate; distinct seasons with warm summers (up to 30°C/86°F) and cold winters; ample rainfall.
What type of vegetation is found in temperate forests?
Deciduous trees (oak, maple, beech), some evergreens, and understory shrubs.
Name three animals that live in temperate forests.
- Deer
- Foxes
- Bears
What characterizes the landscape of grasslands?
Wide, open plains with few trees, often fertile soil.
What is the climate like in grasslands?
Warm or hot summers, cold winters; moderate rainfall, not enough for forests.
What type of vegetation dominates grasslands?
Dominated by grasses; occasional shrubs or scattered trees.
List three animals commonly found in grasslands.
- Bison
- Antelope
- Prairie dogs
