extra Flashcards
(18 cards)
fluid connective tissue
plasma
formed elements
goes everywhere
nonliving fluid matrix
living blood cells in plasma; (WBC,RBC,platelets)
characteristic of urine
color depends in 02 (heme pigment; dark(poor 02,deoxy); bright(opp)
iron in hemoglobin
more vicious than water
albumin def
maintain plasma osmolarity, transports steroids and bilirubin, acts as buffer
buffers
resist change in pH; important bc brain has to have nl pH
erythrocytes
RBC, no nucleus, gas transport once matured only hemoglobin, shape gives surface area, don’t consume any 02 they carry (efficient 02 transporters); blood cell formation (hematopoiesis, occurs in bone marrow), they must loose organelles and nucleus to become packed with hemoglobin; stem cell: hemocytoblast
erythropoiesis
formation of RBC, in b.marrow, stem cell: hemocytoblast, hormone EPO needed
regulation erythro.
too few- tissue hypoxia (de02)
too many: increase blood viscosity, has to have balance bet production and destruction of RBC
anemia
renal
polycythemia
low 02
lack of EPO
excess RBC
leukocytes
WBC, only complete cell, least numerous, defense against disease; 2 categories: 1)granulocytes- visible, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils
2) agranulocytes- no visible; lymph, monocytes
granulocytes are larger and shorter lived than__
neutrophils:
eosinphils:
basophils:
RBC
N:60, hydrolytic enzyme, very phagocytic, last only few days
E:3, lysosome, allergies
B: 1, have histamine (inflammation chemical)
agranulocytes lack
lymphocytes
monocytes
visble cytoplasmic organelles
L: in lymphoid tissue, immunity, 2 types- 1) T-act against virus infected cells
2) B-give rise to plasma cells
M: largest WBC, leave circulation, enter tissue, activate lymphocytes, immune response
depending on signal hemocytoblast gets its can be __ stem cell or __ stem cell
if lymphoid you can be __ or __ cells
if myeloid you can be ___ or ___
myleoid, lymphoid
B or T
myeoblast (become eosin, basop, neutroph), mono-blast (monocyte and becomes macrophage)
monoblast and lymphoid stem cell:
myeoblast:
agranular
granular
platelets
frag of mekaryocytes, form temp-platelet plug, formation regulated by thrombopoietin
when does intrinsic pathway begin
when does extrinsic pathway begin
damage to blood vessel wall, many steps
in response to chemicals released by damaged tissue
fibrin forms
clot retraction stabilizes
vessel repair healing as
factors prevneting unwanted clotting:
-mesh around damaged area, cross links
-clot, actin and myosin platelets contract, pulls on fibrin strands
-clot retraction occurs
-quick removal of clot
thrombolic
bleeding dsorders
clot formation
prevent normal clot formation
universal recipient
AB
