quiz 6 Flashcards
(18 cards)
perfusion (blood flow in p.vessels)
where alveolar 02 is high arterioles dilate
inc/dec down bronchial tree:
cartilage
goblet cells
surface area
thickness of ep
decrease
decrease
increase
decrease
most influence on direction of respiratory gas movement
partial pressure gradient
influences on p.ventilation
compliance, resistance, surface tension
__is decreased rate of breathing, results in __ of plasma C02
Change in CO2 results in ___ of pH
this change of pH is ___
hypoventilation
increase
decrease
acidosis
left v right lung
left: smaller, cardiac notch (concavity), sep into sup and inf lobes by oblique fissure
Right; sup, middle, inf lobes sep by oblique and horiz fissures, right main bronchus wider, shorter, more vertical
most powerful resp stimulus for breathing in healthy person
inc of C02
in systemic capi during internal respiration
PC02 is 40 mmHg in blood
if you were to forcefully blow air in balloon
int intercostals and abdominal muscles would contract
how does quiet expiration occur
relaxation of diaphgram
sets normal rate and rhythm of breathing
VRG
role of pleura
allows lung to expand and contract w/o friction, helps divide thoracic cavity in three chambers, prevents both lungs from deflating in event of injury to one lung
__rapid breathing, results in __ of plasma C02, change in C02 results in __ of pH
this change in pH is __
hyperventilation
decrease
increase
alkalosis
how and where C02 is converted to HC03- and back again
at tissues (blood in systemic circuit) C02 and H20 forms H2C03 which splits into H+ and Hc03- due to carbonic anhydrase in RBC, can happen in plasma theres no enzyme there so slower. Cl- has to move into RBC here for electroneutrality
at lungs (blood in pulm.capi) HC03- moves into RBC combines with H+ to form H2C03 which splits into H20 and C02 to diffuse into alveoli from p.capi blood (b/c anhydrase in RBC). Cl- has to move out of RBC here for electroneutrality
how are respiratory gases (C02 and 02) transported
02- 98.5% bound to hemoglobin,1.5% dissolved in plasma
C02- 70% HC03-, 20% bound to globin, 10% dissolved in plasma
what muscles are used in forced inspiration
pec minors, scalenes/serratus, sternocleidomastoids: needed to inc volume of thorax to create lower pressure in lungs so a larger vol of air can move in lungs
pressure in atmosphere always equals intrap pressure
true
what happens for quiet inspiration to occur
phrenic and intercostal nerves signal
diaphragm and external intercostal muscle contract
vol in thorax and lungs inc
pressure in lungs dec
air moves in from atmosphere until pATM+pPul/ALV
