Extra Neuroanatomy Flashcards
What are the three main parts of the brain?
- forebrain - prosencephalon
- midbrain - mesencephalon
- hindbrain-rhombencephalon
how is the mesencephalon divided?
- telencephalon (cerebrum)
- diencephalon
what are the three main gyri of the prefrontal cortex?
- superior frontal
- middle frontal
- inferior frontal
what is the function of the superior frontal gyrus?
self awareness
what is the function of middle frontal gyrus?
executive mechanism
What are the three sections of the inferior frontal gyrus and what is important about this gyri?
1) pars opercularis
2) pars triangularis
3) pars orbitalis
pars opercularis and triangularis form broca’s area
what is the uncinate fasciculus?
white matter tract which connects parts of the temporal lobe with inferior frontal gyri - e.g. hippocampus/amygdala with orbitofrontal cortex
what is the function of the orbitofrontal PFC?
- stimulus-reward/outcome, addiction
what is the function of the ventromedial PFC?
- decision making, emotional regulation, addiction
what is the function of the dorsolateral PFC?
- executive function - working memory, planning, actions
What is the effect of lesions to PFC?
dramatic changes in personality
- loss of spontaneity/ problems with initiating speech/ movements
- inability to make/ carry out sequences of actions/ plan
What is an effect of damage to somatosensory association area?
tactile agnosia - inability to identify objects through touch
what can happen as a result of damage to the parietal lobe in the non-dominant hemisphere?
- spatial disorientation
- constructional apraxia
- dressing apraxia
- anosognosia(inability to recognise own’s illness)
what can happen as a result of damage to the parietal lobe in the dominant hemisphere?
- dyphasia/aphasia
- dyscalculia
- dyslexia
- apraxia
- agnosia
what is gerstmann syndrome?
collection of symptoms = dyscalcalia, dysgraphia finger agnosia, LR disorientation
