Eye

Question 1

Comeoscleral coat

Answer 1

gives eyeball it’s structure and helps refract incoming light rays

Question 2

Uvea - vascular layer

Answer 2

blood supply is coming form ophthalmic a

includes iris, ciliary ody and choroid

Question 3

retina

Answer 3

innermost layer/neurolayer of eyeball

Question 4

visual layer

Answer 4

thick portion located in back of beyeball.

Question 5

nonvisual part

Answer 5

think portion locatedin anterior part of retina

Question 6

ora serrata

Answer 6

rough edge where visual retina becomes nonvisual retina

Question 7

Aqueous humor

Answer 7

fluid-filled environment located in both anterior and posterior channels. No blood vessels here so light rays can pass through.

Question 8

Vitreous humor

Answer 8

jelly-like
made mostly of water, but has collagen to make it gelatinous
born with this
slow transfer of nutrition from choroid layer

Question 9

Detached retina

Answer 9

retina is pulled from its blood supply

Question 10

Cornea

Answer 10

transparent and avascular

provides for 2/3rd of the refractive power

Question 11

5 layers of corneoscleral coat (from outside to in)

Answer 11

• Corneal epithelium
• Bowman’s membrane
• Corneal stroma
• Descemet’s membrane
• Corneal endothelium

Question 12

Cornea epithelium

Answer 12

Cells are stratified squamous nonkeratinized
contains ferritin to prevent UV damage
has microvilli on apical surface to help retain lacrimal tears, keeps cornea from drying
innervated by V1
has good mitotic activity

Question 13

Bowman’s membrane

Answer 13

Anterior basement membrane
acellular
does not regenerate
contributes to strength of cornea
barrier to infection

Question 14

Corneal stroma

Answer 14

heavily packed with different collagenfibrils in different patterns
thickest part of cornea
adjacent lamellae are arranged at right angles to each other which maintains transparancy of cornea

Question 15

Descemet’s memrane

Answer 15

posterior basement membrane
regenerates after injury
thickens with age
helps miantain normal curbature of cornea

Question 16

Corneal endothelium

Answer 16

simple squamous epithelium with lots of zonula occludens (tight junction) which allow it to get nutrients and water
limited proliferative ability
responsble for virtually all of metabolic exchanges of cornea

Question 17

Sclera

Answer 17

white of eyeball

tough fibrous connective tissue, collagen, and elastic fibers to maintain shape of eyeball

Question 18

3 layers of sclera

Answer 18

tenon’s space, substantia propria, suprchoroid lamina

Question 19

Tenon’s space

Answer 19

space between periorbital fat and tenon’s capsule

provides eyeball with space to move around in

Question 20

Substantia propria (tenon’s capsule)

Answer 20

where extraocular eye muscles attach

Question 21

Suprachoroid lamina

Answer 21

attach is to choroid

how sclera gets nutrients

Question 22

Are anterior and posterior pigment epithelium separate

Answer 22

yes, separated by basement membrane

Question 23

What gives color to eyes

Answer 23

anterior and posterior pigment epithelium

Question 24

What does color of iris depend on

Answer 24

amount of melanocytes

Question 25

ciliary processes

Answer 25

produce aqueous humor. | no blood cells here

Question 26

What is the blood-aqueous barrier due to

Answer 26

zona occludens

Question 27

Flow of aqueous humor

Answer 27

``` posterior chamber to pupil to anterior chamber to trabecular meshwork to canal of schlemm to venous system ```

Question 28

Open-Angle Glaucoma

Answer 28

vision is damaged gradually, may take place over the course of some years. Aqueous humor does not go inot canal of schlemm, causes fluid backup headaches, burning sensetation in eyes, blurred vision, halos

Question 29

Closed-Angle Glaucoma

Answer 29

blurry vision, rainbow halos, headaches or severe pain | less common and can cause blindness quickly

Question 30

circular ciliary muscle

Answer 30

reduces tension on the lens

Question 31

longitudinal ciliary muscle

Answer 31

strectchs choroid

Question 32

Choroid

Answer 32

dark-brown layer lots of melanocytes in vascular region lies between sclera and retina

Question 33

5 layers of bruch's membrane

Answer 33

basal lamina of endothelial cells of choriocapillary layer collagen fibers elastic fibers collagen fibers basal lamina of the retinal epithelial cells

Question 34

Neural retina (innermost layer)

Answer 34

has non-photosenstive region and photosenstive region

Question 35

Non-photosenstive region

Answer 35

anterior to ora serrata | lines the inner part of the ciliary body and posterior surface of the iris

Question 36

Photosenstive region

Answer 36

posterior to ora serrata | most of retina is visual portion

Question 37

Optic Disc

Answer 37

where the optic nerve is taking all the information from the retina out and back to brain no photoreceptor cells here -blindspot

Question 38

Fovea centralis

Answer 38

site on retina for greatest point of visual acuity | where retina really thins out

Question 39

Macula lutea

Answer 39

yellow spot | surrounds fovea centralis