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gross anatomy unit 3 > eye and orbital anatomy > Flashcards

eye and orbital anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

frontalis action

A

moves scalp and raises eyebrow

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2
Q

what nerve innervates frontal

A

CN 7

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3
Q

corrugator action

A

pulls medial eyebrow inf. and med. (forms 11s)

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4
Q

what nerve innervates corrugator

A

CN 7

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5
Q

procurus action

A

pulls forehead & eyebrow inf. - forms “bunny lines”

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6
Q

what innervates the procures muscle

A

CN 7

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7
Q

forehead and brow muscles

A

fantails, corrugator, procerus

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8
Q

eyelid muscles

A

levator, obricularis

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9
Q

action levator

A

elevates the eyelid

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10
Q

innervation of levator

A

CN 3

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11
Q

action of orbicularis

A

closes the eyelid

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12
Q

innervation of orbicularis

A

CN 7

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13
Q

periosteum anteriorly

A

fuses with septum at Marcus marginalus; septum important to prevent spread of infection into posterior orbit

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14
Q

periosteum posteriorly

A

fuses with dura of ON

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15
Q

where is the periosteum attached

A

firmly at orbital and suture lines

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16
Q

extra ocular muscles

A 
superior rectus
inferior rectus
medial rectus
lateral rectus
superior oblique
inferior oblique
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17
Q

superior rectus - action & innervation

A

elevates; CN 3

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18
Q

inferior rectus - action and innervation

A

depress; CN 3

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19
Q

medial rectus - action and innervation

A

adduct; CN 3

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20
Q

lateral rectus - action and innervation

A

abduct; CB 6

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21
Q

superior oblique - action and innervation

A

intort; CN 4

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22
Q

inferior oblique - action and innervation

A

extort; CN 3

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23
Q

what allows for slack of optic nerve in orbit

A

distance from globe to optic foramen (18 mm)

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24
Q

what is a sign of brain aneurysm

A

palsy of CN3

25
Q

what cranial nerve is responsible for pupillary light reflex

A

CN 3 - oculomotor nerve

26
Q

what does the oculomotor nerve innervate

A

medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae

27
Q

what does the trochlear nerve innervate

A

superior oblique

28
Q

what is the easiest cranial nerve to damage in head trauma

A

trochlear nerve (CN 4)

29
Q

palsy of CN 4

A

causes head tilt

30
Q

CN 5

A

trigeminal nerve

31
Q

V1

A

ophthalmic branch

32
Q

what can V1 be affected by

A

Zoster

33
Q

what branches are part of V1

A

lacrimal branch, frontal branch, nasocilliary branch

34
Q

sensation to the cornea

A

V1: ophthalmic branch

35
Q

CN6

A

abducens nerve

36
Q

abducens nerve innervates

A

lateral rectus

37
Q

palsy of CN6

A

common in small strokes

38
Q

cause of double vision

A

CN 6

39
Q

easily affected by intracranial pressure

A

CN6 because it does not travel the wall of the cavernous sinus so easily affected by increased intracranial pressure

40
Q

CN 7

A

facial nerve

41
Q

CN 7 innervates

A

muscles of facial expression

42
Q

CN 7 stimulates ____

A

tear production

43
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

see difficulty with eyelid closure due to obicularis occuli paralysis

44
Q

annulus of zinn

A

four rectus muscles originate from a ring of fibrous tissue attached to the posterior orbit

45
Q

which nerves enter the orbit within the annulus of zinn

A

optic nerve (CNII), the superior and inferior divisions of the oculomotor nerve (CN III), the abducens nerve (CN VI), and the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V1)

46
Q

what does not pass through the annulus of zinn

A

trochlear nerve and the frontal and lacrimal branches of the ophthalmic branch of the trigemnical nerve (CN V1) do not pass through the annulus of Zinn

47
Q

lateral wall

A

thickest and strongest wall; rarely affect in trauma

48
Q

medial wall

A

thinnest; level of cribriform plate; floor of anterior cranial fossa; anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries; lamina papyracea

49
Q

lamina papyracea

A

thinnest bone; often fractures; can be site of cellulitis extension

50
Q

superior orbital fissure nerves

A 
lacrimal n (V1)
frontal n (V1)
trochlear nerve (CN4)
sup div of CN3
nasociliary N (V1)
abducens N (CN6)
inf. div of CN3

Lazy French Tarts Sit Naked and Inviting

51
Q

ophthalmic artery

A

a branch of the internal carotid artery, enters the orbit through the optic canal then travels along the medial wall of the orbit

52
Q

first branch of ophthalmic artery

A

central retinal artery; penetrate the optic nerve and enters the eye through the center of the nerve

53
Q

superior and inferior ophthalmic veins

A

drain the orbit

54
Q

branches of the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins

A

exit through the superior and inferior orbital fissures before draining into the cavernous sinus

55
Q

puncta

A

where tears exit the ye

56
Q

canaliculus

A

pipe that leads to lacrimal sac

57
Q

lacrimal sac

A

tear reservoir - often site of infection if outflow is blocked

58
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

outflow into the nose for tears

gross anatomy unit 3 (5 decks)

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