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gross anatomy unit 3 > the scalp > Flashcards

the scalp Flashcards

(139 cards)

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1
Q

components of the scalp

A 
Skin
subCutaneous tissue
Aponeneurosis (galea aponeurotica)
Loose Connective Tissue
Periosteum (pericranium)
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2
Q

why is scalping an easy process

A

because of the loos subaponeurotictissue

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3
Q

potential site of infection

A

loose subaponeurotic tissue

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4
Q

V1 nerves

A

supratrochlear nerve; supraorbital nerve

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5
Q

V2 nerve

A

zygomatictemporal nerve

auriculotemporal nerve

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6
Q

C2 nerves

A

less occipital nerve

greater occipital nerve

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7
Q

C3 nerve

A

third occipital nerve

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8
Q

superficial arteries of the skull (5)

A 
supratrochlear artery
supraorbital artery
superficial temporal artery
posterior auricular artery
occipital artery
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9
Q

arteries of the face

A 
supraorbital artery
supratrochlear artery
angular artery
transverse facial artery
lateral nasal artery
superior and inferior labial arteries
maxilarry artery
mental artery
facial artery
superficial temporal artery
occipital artery
posterior auricular artery
internal carotid artery
external carotid artery
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10
Q

arteries with interal carotid artery as source

A

supraorbital artery

supratrochlear artery

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11
Q

superficial veins of the face

A 
superficial temporal vein
middle temporal vein
maxillary vein
retromandibular vein
posterior auricular vein
external jugular vein
internal jugular vein
frontal tributary of superficial temporal vein
supratrochlear vein
superior and inferior opthalmic veins
superior and inferior palpebral veins
angular vein
external nasal vein
superior labial vein
deep facial vein
inferior labial vein
submental vein
facial vein
common facial vein
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12
Q

diploic veins of the skull

A 
parietal emissary vein
frontal diploic vein
anterior temporal diploic vein
occipital diploic vein
posterior temporla diploic vein
mastoid emissary vein
condyloid emissary vein
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13
Q

CN VII

A

facial nerve and posterior auricular nerve

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14
Q

lacrimal nerve

A

CN V1

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15
Q

supraorbital nerve

A

CN V1

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16
Q

zygomaticotemporal nerve

A

CN V2

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17
Q

auriculotemporal nerve

A

CN V3

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18
Q

CN V1

A 
supraorbital
supratrochlear
infratrochlear
external nasal
lacrimal
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19
Q

CN V2

A

zygomaticotemporal
zygomaticofacial
infaorbital

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20
Q

CN V3

A

auriculotemporal
buccal
mental

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21
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal nerve

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22
Q

greater occipital

A

C2

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23
Q

third occipital

A

C3

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24
Q

lesser occipital

A

C2, C3

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25
great auricular
C2, C3
26
how to diagnose trigeminal neuralgia
compres the terminal branches of the trigeminal nerve: supraorbital at supraorbital foramen (v/1); infraorbital at infraorbital foramen (V/2); mental at mental foramen (V/3)
27
trigeminal dermatomes
optalmic V1 maxillary V2 mandibular V3
28
herpes zoster
limited to one, sometimes two divisions, ipsilateral, activation of latent virus in ganglion cells
29
trigeminal neuralgia
``` limited to one, sometimes 2 divisions lancintating pain trigger zones probably nerve compression simple diagnostic test: compress terminal branches of trigeminal nerve (supraorbitalis, infraorbitalis, and mentalis) ```
30
what are the mucles of facial expression innervated by
facial [VII] cranial nerve
31
what are the arteries supplying the muscles of facial expression
facial and maxillary arteries
32
terminal branches facial nerve (CN VII)
temporal | posterior auricular
33
terminal branches facial nerve (CN VII)
zygomatic buccal cervical marginal mandibular
34
muscles of facial expression: motor innervation - CN VII
temporal branch, zygomatic branch, posterior auricular branch, main trunk of VII, cervical branch, mandibular branch, buccal branch
35
hemifacial spasm
believed to result from irritation (compression of the facial nerve) uncontrollable ipsilateral facial grimacing due to painless contractions of facial muscles treated by surgical "decompression" of the facial nerve
36
bell's palsy
lesion or inflammation of the facial nerve; unilateral; motor paralysis; often reversible; can result from "missed" injection of local anesthetic
37
origin of frontal muscle
galea aponeurotica
38
insertion of frontal muscle
muscles and dermis above and around the nose and eye
39
innervation of the frontal muscle
temporal branch VII
40
action of the frontal muscle
wrinkle forehead | raises eyebrow
41
origin of occipitalis muscle
mastoid process and superior nuchal line
42
insertion of occipitalis muscle
galea aponeurotica
43
innervation of the occipitalis muscle
posterior auricular Br. VII
44
occipitalis action
tightens scalp
45
origin of the auricularis ant.
temporal fascia
46
insertion of the auricularis ant.
major helix
47
innervation of auricularis ant.
temporal VII
48
action of auricular ant.
pulls ear forward and upward
49
origin of auricularis med.
temporal fascia
50
insertion of auricular med.
above ear
51
innervation of auricular med.
temporal VII
52
action of auricularis med.
pulls ear upward
53
origin of auricularis post
mastoid process
54
insertion of auricular post
posterior ear
55
innervationof auricular post
post auricular VII
56
action of auricularis post
pulls ear backward
57
origin of obicularis oculi orbital palepbral
nasal process of frontal frontal process of maxilla med. palebral ligament and lacrimal crest
58
insertion of orbiculari oculi orbital papebral
adjacent muscles lateral palebral raphe superior and inferior tarsi
59
innervation of orbicularis oculi orbital palpebral
temporal and zygomatic VII
60
action of orbicularis oculi orbital palpebral
closes eye
61
origin of corrugators supercilli
medial aspect of supercillary arch
62
insertion of corrugators supercilli
dermis around supraorbital foramen
63
innervation of corrugators supercilli
temporal and zygomatic br VII
64
action of corrugators supercilli
wrinkles eyebrows
65
origin of procerus
fascia of nasal bone
66
insertion of procerus
dermis over giabella
67
innervation of procerus
buccal VII
68
action of procerus
depresses eyebrows
69
origin of nasalis
maxilla and alar cartilage
70
insertion of nasalis
dermis of nose
71
innervation of nasalis
buccal VII
72
action of nasalis
dilates nares
73
origin of lebator labil superioris
maxilla aboce the infraorbital foramen
74
insertion of the levator superioris
upper lip
75
innervation of levator labii superioris
buccal
76
action of levator labii superioris
elevates upper lip
77
origin of levator labii superiors alaque nasi
frontal process of maxilla
78
insertion of levator labii superioris alaque nasi
upper lip and alar cartilage of nose
79
innervation of levator labii superioris alaque nasi
buccal
80
action of levator labii superioris alaque nasi
elevates upper lip
81
origin of levator anguli oris
canine fossa of maxillary bone
82
insertion of levator anguli oris
corner of mouth
83
innervation of levator anguli oris
buccal of VII
84
action of levator anguli oris
lifts corner of mouth
85
origin of zygomaticus major
temproal process of zygoma
86
insertion of zygomaticus minor
upper lip medial to corner of mouth
87
innervation of zygomaticus minor
buccal of VII
88
action of zygomaticus minor
elevates upper lip
89
origin of risorius
maseteric fascia
90
insertion of risorius
corner of mouth
91
innervation of risorius
buccal and mandibular VII
92
action of risorius
smile muscle
93
origin of depressor anguli oris
mandible, oblique line
94
insertion of depressor anguli oris
corner of mouth
95
innervation of depressor anguli oris
mandibular and buccal VII
96
action of depressor anguli oris
depresses corner of mouth
97
origin of depressor labii inferioris
mandible, oblique line
98
insertion of depressor labii inferioris
lower lip
99
innervation of depressor labii inferioris
mandibular and buccal VII
100
action of depressor labii inferioris
depresses lower lip
101
origin of mentalis
incisive fossa
102
insertion of mentalis
dermis
103
innervation of mentalis
mandibular and buccal VII
104
action of mentalis
wrinkle chin, protude lower lip
105
origin of orbicularis oris
surrounding muscles
106
insertion of orbicularis oris
dermis and buccinators
107
innervation of orbicularis oris
buccal VII
108
action of orbicularis oris
closes, purses and protrudes lips
109
origin of platysma
pectroal and deltoid fascia
110
insertion of platysma
inferior border of mandible
111
innervation of platysma
cervical VII
112
action of platysma
depresses madible, corner of mouth, lower lip
113
facial artery distribution
1. inferior labial 2. superior labial 3. lateral nasal 4. angular 5. muscular branches
114
superfical temporal artery distrbution
1. transverse facial 2. branches to parotid gland 3. anterior auricular branch 4. middle temporal branches 5. zygomatico-orbital branch 6. frontal branches 7. parietal branches
115
maxillary artery superficial branches
a. infraorbital - facial branches b. buccal c. inferior alveolar d. mental
116
opthalmic artery superfical branches
a. supraorbital b. supratrochlear c. dorsal nasal d. zygomaticofacial
117
venous drainage from the face
1. facial V. 2. superficial temporal V. 3. retromandibular V. 4. opthalmic veins 5. maxillary v and pterygoid plexus
118
cavernous sinuses
provide a major intersectiomn between orbital veins and many other dural sinuses
119
borders for the danger area of the face
upper lip, lateral aspect of nose, corner of teh eye just superior to supraorbital ridge
120
problem with danger area of the face
squeezing zits and boils can cause infection which drains into the cavernous sinus directly or via communications with opthalmic veins
121
external carotid artery supplies
facial artery superficial temproal artery maxillary artery
122
facial artery supplies
inf. labial sup. labial angular
123
superficial temporal artery supplies
trans. facial
124
internal carotid artery supplies
opthalmic artery
125
opthalmic artery supplies
supratrochlear artery | supraorbital artery
126
facial vein supplies
angular sup. labial inf. labial
127
superficial temporal vein supplies
trans. facial
128
retromandibular vein forms
external jugular vein with posterior auriclular
129
opthalmic vein supplies
superior | inferior
130
veins of the superficial face
``` facial superficial temporal retromandibular (with posterior auricular) opthalmic pterygoid plexus maxillary ```
131
primary lymph nodes of the head and face
``` occipitalis retroauricularis parotid (superfical and deep) submandibular submentalis retropharyngeal ```
132
occipitalis lymph nodes
from occipital region
133
retroauricularis lymph nodes
from head region behind the ear, posterior portion of posterior region of external acoustic meatus and middle ear
134
parotid (superficial and deep)
from anterior portion of ear, temporalis region of face, superior palpebra
135
submandibularis
superficial regions of nose, lower palpebra, upper limb and teeth, lower molar teeth, lateral portion of lower limb, middle and posterior portions of tongue, hard palate
136
submentalis
from anterior portion of lower limn, lower incisors, tip of the tongue
137
retropharyngeal
from upper pharynx, middle ear, soft palate, posterior regions of nose, orbit
138
secondary lymph nodes in the neck
superficial and and deep cervical lymph nodes
139
superficial and and deep cervical lymph nodes
functon as primary nodes and colelct lymph from tonsilla palatina and lingualis, last lower molar teeth, radix of the tongue

gross anatomy unit 3 (5 decks)

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