eyeball things

Question 1

what causes phthsis bulbi

Answer 1

chronic inflammation. has low IOP

Question 2

normal IOP

Answer 2

15-30

Question 3

enlarged globe and increased IOP

Answer 3

buphthalmos. caused by glaucoma

Question 4

what bone is most at risk to fracture

Answer 4

dorsal orbital rim and zygomatic arch

Question 5

mass like lesion around the 3rd eyelid.

Answer 5

orbital fat prolapse. remove it

Question 6

mucoid ocular discharge, severe conjunctival swelling, pain, blepharoedema

Answer 6

orbital cellulitis

Question 7

what is the cause of orbital cellulitis

Answer 7

trauma, seeding septic emboli, foreign body, septic endophthalmitis

Question 8

what is the treatment for orbital cellulitis

Answer 8

aggressive PO abx and antiinflam

Question 9

what causes entropion in foals

Answer 9

dehydration causing enopthalmia

Question 10

what do you need to remember when suturing eyelids

Answer 10

appose margins without the suture touching the globe using a figure 8 or mattress

Question 11

general treatment for facial paresis

Answer 11

topical lubricant 4-6x daily
temp tarsorrhaphy
+- ulcer treatment (triple, antiinflam)
+- permanent partial eyelid closure

Question 12

most common neoplasia of horses

Answer 12

sarcoids

Question 13

characteristics of sarcoids

Answer 13

low met rate but high rates of recurrance.

Question 14

most common neoplasia of the equine eye

Answer 14

SCC

Question 15

recurrance rate for SSC of the eye with excision only

Answer 15

50-60%

Question 16

what breed is genetically predisposed to scc

Answer 16

haflinger– limbus

Question 17

general treatment for ulcerative keratitis

Answer 17

triple antibiotic, +- antifungal
NSAIDs
topical atropine
+- antiprotease (doxy)
+- surgery and flap if melting or desmetocele

Question 18

treatment for corneal perforation

Answer 18

surgical treatment

Question 19

hypopyon, iris prolapse, corneal edema

Answer 19

corneal perforation

Question 20

yellow-white stromal opacity, blepharospasm, hyphema, painful eye

Answer 20

corneal abscess

Question 21

treatment for corneal abscesses

Answer 21

fluoroquinolones + azoles to penetratethe epithelium

antiinflam,

+- surgical excision and flap

Question 22

mineralization of the cornea.

Answer 22

band keratopathy. no big deal

Question 23

stromal haze, corneal edema, chronic vascularization, FL-, not painful

Answer 23

IMMK

Question 24

what is the treatment for IMMK

Answer 24

cyclosporine

Question 25

what type of IMMK is the worst prognosis

Answer 25

endothelial. does not respond to treatment

Question 26

punctate cloudy areas of the cornea. horse is otherwise normal, no pain

Answer 26

epithelial IMMK

Question 27

ocular pain, discharge, FL+, caseous pink-white plaque

Answer 27

eosinophilic keratoconjunctivitis

Question 28

cure rate for corneoconjunctival SCC

Answer 28

90% with excision + secondary therapy

Question 29

what is uveitis

Answer 29

inflammation of the uvea blepharospasm, aqueous flare, hypopyon, meiosis, hyphema, epiphora

Question 30

what causes ERU

Answer 30

lepto onchocerca IM appaloosas genetics

Question 31

anterior uveitis, chorioretnintis, decreased PLR, posterior synechiae

Answer 31

ERU signs

Question 32

why do we care about ERU

Answer 32

recurrent uveitis can lead to icreased IOP, cataracts, phthsis bulby, vision loss

Question 33

what is a common cause of equine blindness

Answer 33

ERU

Question 34

general treatments for ERU

Answer 34

nsaids, topical steroids, atropine, cyclosporine (implant) slowly taper

Question 35

what is the goal of ERU

Answer 35

no squinting and no tears

Question 36

what % of ERU eyes lose vision

Answer 36

50-60%

Question 37

how do we ddx a uveal cyst from melanoma

Answer 37

light shines through them and they are fluid filled on ultrasound

Question 38

what causes chorioretinitis

Answer 38

ERU EHV- bullet holes

Question 39

what is CSNB

Answer 39

rod cone disease in appaloosas that causes vision loss with a normal looking fundus