Eyes And Ears Flashcards
1
Q
apex of the orbital cavity is perforated by
A
optic foramen
SOF
2
Q
superior orbital margin
A
frontal bone + sphenoid lesser wing
3
Q
Inferior orbital amrgin
A
Zygoma + maxilla
4
Q
Medial orbital margin
A
Process of frontal and maxilla
5
Q
Lateral orbitla margin
A
Process of frontal and zygoma
6
Q
Roof of orbital wall
A
Orbital plate frontal bone
7
Q
Lateral orbital wall
A
Zgyoma and sphenoid greater wing
8
Q
Floor orbital wall
A
orbital plate of maxilla
9
Q
Medial orbital wall
A
Maxilla
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
10
Q
Formed by lacrimal + ethnoid bone
A
Lamina papyracea
11
Q
The lamina papyracea forms the what
A
Lateral wall of ethmoid air cells
12
Q
The nasolacrimal canal transmits
A
nasolacrimal duct
13
Q
The inferior orbital fissure transmits the
A
Maxillary nerve (zygo branch)
Sympa nerves
Inf ophth vein
14
Q
The superior orbital fissure transmits the
A
Oculo cn3
trochlear cn4
Abducent cn6
Sup ohpth vein
15
Q
Optic canal transmits the
A
Ophth artery
Optic nerve
16
Q
Clinical singificance in inf orb fissure
A
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
17
Q
Entrance into the conjuctival sac, elliptical opening betwen the eyelids
A
Palpebral fissure
18
Q
Sebaceous glands that open directly into eyelash follicles
A
Glands of Zeis
19
Q
Ciliary glands, modified sweat glands opening between adjacent eyelashes
A
Molls
20
Q
Modified sebaceous, ehich pour secretions into lid amrgin preventing overflow of tears
A
Tarsal/Meibonian glands
21
Q
Thin mucous emmbrane lining the eylods
A
Palpebral conjuctiva
22
Q
Epithelium continuous with the cornea
A
Bulbar conjunc
23
Q
Arching folds connecting the conjuctival membrane inside the yelid with the eyeball
A
Fornix
24
Q
Potential space that open into the palpebral fissure
A
Conjuctival sac
25
Small space that separates the eyeball to the medial angle of eye
Lacus lacrimalis
26
Small reddish elevation at the center of the lacus alcrimalis
Caruncula lacrimalis
27
Reddishs emilunar fold on the lateral side of the caruncula
Plica semilunaris
28
Small elevation of the eye projects into lacus
Papilla lavrimalis
29
Small hole on the summit of the pailla that leads into canaliculi lacrimalis
Carry tears to nose
punctum lacrimalis
30
Fibrous sheath attached to periosteum at the orbital margins
Orbital septum
31
Thickening of the orbital septum at the margins of the lids
Tarsal plates
32
Attached to bony tubercle within the orbital margin
Lateral palpebral ligament
33
Attached to crest of lacrimal bone
Medial palpebral ligament
34
Tarsal galnds are embedded where
Posterior surface of tarsal plates
35
Palpebral fibers covering the superf surface of the tarsal plates and setpum
Closes eyelids
Orbicularis oculi
36
parts of the orbicularis oculi
palbpebral
| orbital
37
the aponeurosis of insertion pierces orbital septum to reach anterior surface of superior tarsal plates and skin
opens the eyelids
levator palpebrae superioris
38
infections of hair follicle/sebaceous glands
hordeolum (stye)
39
eye nodules, caused by tarsal gland ifnections, surgically removed
chalazion
40
presence of orbital cellulitis is secondary to
ethmoiditis
41
gland that produes tears
lacrimal gland
42
the lacrimal gland opens into the lateral part of superior fornix by how many glands
12
43
the lacrimal gland is divided or separated into 2 parts by the
aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae
44
flow of tears
lacrimal glands > superior fornix > lacus lacrimalis > puncta lacrimalis > canaliculus lacrimalis > lacrimal sac > nasolacrimal duct > inferior nasal meatus
45
art supply of lacrimal gland
lacrimal artery
46
NS of lacrimal gland
lacrimal nerve branch of ohpthalmic of trigeminal
47
sympathetic postganglionic nerve supply of the lacrimanl gland
internal carotid plexus
48
prevents air from being forced up into the duct when blowing nose
lacrimal fold
49
common origin of rectus muscles
tendon of Zinn
50
NS of superior, inferior and medial rectus muscle
occulomotor (CN3)
51
NS of lateral rectus muscle
abducent CN6 LR6
52
NS of superior oblique muscle
trochlear (CN4) SO4
53
NS of inferior oblique muscle
occulomotor CN3
54
action of sup oblique
downward lateral
55
action of inferior oblique
upward lateral
56
the fibrous coat of the eye is composed of
sclera
| cornea
57
part of sclera that is piered by the optic nerve and fused with the dura of the nerve
lamina cribrosa
58
veins in the eyes are called
venae vorticosae
59
point of communication of the sclera and cornea
corneoscleral junction (limbus)
60
innervation of cornea
long ciliary nerves from ohpthalmic of trigeminal
61
provides oxygen and nourishment to outer retinal layers
choroid
62
membrane separating the choroid from the retina's inner pigmented layer
Bruch's membrane
63
shallow grooves of the ciliary ring
ciliary striae
64
produces aqueous humor
ciliary process
65
the ciliary process is connected to the
suspensory ligaments (Zonular ligament)
66
ciliary muscles
meridianal
| circular
67
NS of ciliary muscle
parasym - CN3
| postgang - short ciliary nerve
68
action of the ciliary muscles
pull ciliary body forward
| release tension of the zonular ligament to increase RI
69
thin, contractile pigmented diaphragm with a central aprture (pupil)
iris
70
the iris divides the eye space into
anteriro and posterior chamber
71
the iris is connected to the ciliary body at the
level of limbus
72
muscles of iris and action
circular
radial
dilation and constriction
73
para NS of sphincter pupillae
oculo
74
postgang of sphincter pupillae
short ciliary
75
sympa NS of dilator pupillae
long ciliary nerves
76
layers of the choroid
outer pigmented
| inner vascular
77
layers of the retina
outer pigmented
| inner nervous
78
wavy ring at anterior edge of the retina where enrvous tissue ends
ora serrata
79
the receptive portion of the retina
posterior 3/4
80
ocal yellowisharea at the center of the posterior part of the retina, area for most distinct vision
macula lutea
81
central depression in the poster 3/4 of the retina
fovea centralis
82
entry of optic nerve in the retina, blind spot, insensitive to light
optic disc
83
contents of the eyeball
aqeous humor
vitreous humor
lens
84
where is aqueous humor found
anterior and osterior chamber of eyeball
85
the aqeous humor flows from the psoterior chamber into the posterior chamber via the
pupil
86
the aqueous humor is drained througgh the spaces at ____ into the ____
iridocorneal angle
| canal of Schlemm
87
an obstruction to the drainage of the aqueous humor will cause rise in intraocular pressure and lead to
glaucoma
88
the aqueous humor removes products from the __ and ___
lens
| cornea
89
flow of aqueous humor
ciliary body > cleft of posterior chamber > pupil > anterior chamber > trabecular meshwork > Schlemm @ iridocorneal angle
90
fills area behind lens
vitreous body
91
narrow channel running through the vitreous body from the optic disc to the posterior surface of the lens
hyaloid canal
92
in birth, the hyaloid canal is filled by
hyaline artery
93
nearsightedness
myopia
94
transparent, biconvex structure enclosed in a transparent capsule
lens
95
The lens consists of
Elastic capsule
Cuboidal epithelium
Lens fibers
96
Makes up the bulk of the lens
Lens fibers
97
condition where lens become denser and less elastic, less accommodation
Presbyopia
98
In bright light what happens
contract pupil become smaller
99
Sa close objects what happens
Ciliary muscle contract and pull ciliary bosy forward inward
100
collects air vibrations
auricle
101
the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the auricle is supplied by what nerve
facial
102
portion of EAM with hair , sebaceous and ceruminous glands
outer 1/3 cartilaginous protion
103
modified sweat glands that secrete yellowish brown wax
ceruminous glands
104
bony framework in the EAM formed by the tympanic plate
inner 2/3
105
NS sensory of the skin lining the ext. ear
auriculotemporal
| auricular from vagus
106
the middle ear is an air-containing cavity in where
petrous part of temporal bone
107
parts of the temporal bone
```
mastoid
squmous
tympanic
petrous
int. auditory canal
```
108
the middle ear contains what that transmits vibrations of the tympanic membrane to the perilymph of the int. ear
auditory ossicles
109
the auditory ossicles transmit vibrations from
tympanic membrane to perilymph
110
part of the middle ear that is approxiamtely parallel to the tympanic membrane
long axis
111
the middle ear communicates with what in front and what behind
```
eustachian tube (nasopharynx)
mastoid antrum
```
112
two labyrinths in the inner ear
bone
| membranous
113
the channel connecting the mastoid antrum to the middle ear
aditus ad antrum
114
the mastoid contains what cells
air cells
115
the largest air cell in the amstoid
mastoid antrum
116
the part of the temporal bone that makes up the floor of the EAC
tympanic
117
the hardest aprt of the temporal bone
petrous
118
parts of the auricle
helix
antihelix
scapha
crura
119
primary otalgia involves
the ear itself
120
secondary referred otalgia involves
CN 1 9 7 5
121
parts of the tympanic membrane
pars falccida
| pars tensa
122
things seen in the tympanic membrane
manubrium of malleus
umbo
cone of light
incus
123
which portion of the EAM is prone to infection
outer 1/3
124
hearing loss involving the outer and middle ear is
conductive hearing loss
125
hearing loss involving the inner ear is
sensorineural
126
the superior deficiency of tympanic ring
notch of rivinus
127
what is attached in the notch of rivinus
pars flaccida
128
conditon na small pinna
microtia
129
condtiion na no canal
atresia
130
condition na no pinna
anotia
131
conditon na narrowed canal
stenosis
132
undrained hematoma in the auricle may lead to
cauliflower ear
133
common site where foreign shit is lodged
isthmus
134
layers of the tympanic membrane
outer squamous
middle fiber
inner mucous
135
roof of the middle ear
tegmen tympani
136
the tegmen tympani is part of what bone
petrous
137
the the floor of the middle ear separates the middle ear from
IJV
138
the anterior wall of the middle ear seaprates the tymapnic caity from the
ICA
139
the openings of the anterior wall of middle ear opens into where
lower larger - auditory tube
| upper smaller - canal for tensor tympani
140
the posterior wall of the middle ear contains
vertical facial nerve
tendon of stapedius muscle
aditus
141
the only membranous wall of the middle ear
lateral wall
142
the lateral wall of the middle ear contains
tympanic mambrane with the chrorda tympani
143
closed by the stapes
oval window/fenestra vestibule
144
closed by the scond tympanic membrane
round window/fenestra cochlea
145
the medial wall or labyrinth of the middle ear contains
horizontal facial
146
pulley which the tendon of the tensor tympani bends laterally to reach insertion on the handle of the malleus
processus cochleariformis
147
rounded projection in the medial wall of the middle ear
promontory
148
small hollow conical projection in the posterior wall of the middle ear
pyramid
149
small depression at the depth of the concavity of the tympanic membrane
umbo
150
small triangular area on the tympanic membrane bounded by the folds
pars flaccida
151
remainder of the membrane that is tense
pars tensa
152
bound down to inner surface of the tympanic membrane by the mucous membrane
handle of the malleus
153
the tympanic memrbane is extremely senstive to
pain
154
the hypotympanum corresponds to the
eustachiaan tube
155
boneossicle with head, neck no body
malleus
156
ossicle with body no head
incus
157
ossicle with head, limbs and base
stapes
158
head of the malleus articulates with the
incus
159
the handle of the malleus is firmly attached to
medial surface of eardrums
160
istapes head + lenticular process of incus forms
incudostapedial joint
161
part of the stapes that closes the oval window
footplate
162
part of the stapes that receives isnertion of the stapedius muscle
neck
163
action of the ossicle muscles
dampens vibrations of
eardrums - tensor tympani
stapes - stapedius
164
as the eustachian tube desceds, it passes over the upper border of what
superior constrictor border
165
purpose of eustachian tube
equalizes pressure bet. tympanic cavity and nasopharynx
166
NS of tensor tympan9i
mandibular branch trigeminal
167
NS of stapedius
facial
168
insertion of tensor tympani
handle of mlleus
169
origin of stapedius
pyramid in posterior wall of middle ear
170
3 pats of the inner ear
cochlea
vestibule
canals
171
clear fluid where memrbranoius labyrinth is suspended
perilymph
172
central part of the labyrinth
vestibule
173
vestibule contains what
saccule
| utricle
174
semicircular canals open into
posterior part of vesetibule
175
swelling at the end of each canala
ampulla
176
found within the canals
semicircular ducts
177
orientation for vertical direction
saccule
178
orientation for horizontal direction
utricle
179
opens into the anterior part of the vestibule
cochlea
180
which part of cochlea is for low frequency
apex
181
which part of cochlea is for high freuqncy
base
182
perforated by the branches of the cochlear nerve
modiolus
183
winds around the modiolus, projects into the anterior of the canal and partially divides it
spiral lamina
184
membranes in the cochlea
reissner's
| basilar
185
the only communication in apex of the cochlea between vestibuli and scala tympani
helicorema
186
main hearing organ
organ of Corti
187
main balance organ
macula
188
produces the perilymph
stria vascularis
189
which contains endolymph
scala media
190
separates scala vestibuli from media
reissner's
191
separates scala tympani from media
basilar membrane
192
electrolyte content of bony labyrinth
high sodium
| low potassium
193
electrolye content of membranous labyrinth
high potassium
| low sodium
194
only part of the ear with double innervation
saccule
195
NS of the saccule
sup and inf vesdtibular nerve
196
which sac of the vestibule is larger
utricle
197
saccule and utricle are for ___ motion while the canals are for __ motion
linear
| angular
198
connects the cochlea into the saccule
ductus reuniens
199
the organ of corti lies in the
basilar membrane
200
the vestibulocochlear nerve is found where
bottom of internal acoustic meatus
201
the vestibular nerve expanded to form the
vestibular ganglion
202
the vestibular nerve supplies
utricle
saccule
ampulla of canals
203
the cochlear nerve enters the foramina where
base of the mdoiolus
204
immediate n of the corti
peripheral branches of the sensory ganglion of the cochlear nerve
