F, Lec (intestinal amebae)

Question 1

Entamoeba histolytica is the only member of the family to cause:

Answer 1

Colitis and liver abscess

Question 2

Is the most invasive of the entamoeba family

Answer 2

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 3

E. histolytica was named by

Answer 3

Schaudinn

Question 4

E. histolytica is morphologically similar to

Answer 4

Entamoeba dispar

Question 5

Life cycle of E. histolytica is composed of two stages

Answer 5

Infective cysts and invasive trophozoites

Question 6

Infective cysts has how many nucleus

Answer 6

Quadrinucleate

Question 7

T or F: Cysts require a dry environment to grow

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T or F: trophs are nonmotile and does not possess pseudopodia

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Ivasuve trophs have the ability to invade what part of the body

Answer 9

Large bowel

Question 10

Infective stage of E. histolytica

Answer 10

Cyst

Question 11

Shape of E. histolytica

Answer 11

Rod shaped or cigar shaped

Question 12

Diagnostic stage of E. histolytica

Answer 12

Cysts and troph in stool

Question 13

Entamoeba is an unusual eukaryotes because it lacks

Answer 13

Mitochondria, ER, Golgi apparatus

Question 14

Form aggregated crystalline

Answer 14

Ribosome

Question 15

Difference of entamoeba to higher eukaryotes base on metabolic processes

Answer 15

• lack of glutathione metabolism
• use of pyrophospahte instead of ATP
• cant synthesize nucleotides de novo
• glucose is actively transported into cytoplasm

Question 16

End products of carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 16

Ethanol, Co2, acetate (aerobic conditions)

Question 17

Majority of entamoeba cases are

Answer 17

Asymptomatic

Question 18

Gradual onset of abdominal pain, diarrhea w/ or w/o blood and mucus

Answer 18

Amebic colitis

Question 19

T or F: Fever is not common in amebic colitis

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Children w/ amebic colitis may also develop

Answer 20

Fulminant colitis

Question 21

Mass like lesion w/ abdominal pain and dysentery

Answer 21

Ameboma

Question 22

Ameboma may be mistaken for

Answer 22

Carcinoma

Question 23

Most common extra intestinal form of amebiasis

Answer 23

Amebic liver abscess

Question 24

Amebic liver abscess manifest where

Answer 24

Right upper quadrant

Question 25

Cardinal sign of amebic liver abscess

Answer 25

Fever

Question 26

Pain is either localized or

Answer 26

Right shoulder

Question 27

Percentage of mortality of ALA

Answer 27

1%

Question 28

Virulence factor of entamoeba

Answer 28

- galactose-galactose N-acetyl lectin - amebapores - cysteine proteinases

Question 29

Mediates adherence to host cell

Answer 29

Galactose-galactose N-acetyl lectin

Question 30

Lyses cell to stimulate interleukin 8

Answer 30

Amebapores

Question 31

Thins mucin layer

Answer 31

Cysteine proteinases

Question 32

Small defect in the mucosa and the larger arca of necrosis in the submucosa and muscularis layers surrounded by normal epithelium

Answer 32

Flask shaped ulcer

Question 33

Common sites of amebic ulcer

Answer 33

Cecum, ascending colon, sigmoid

Question 34

Extraintestinal inection

Answer 34

Liver-amebic hepatitis

Question 35

Liver-amebic hepatitis has what type of aspirate

Answer 35

Anchovy sauce like

Question 36

Most common complication of amebic colitis

Answer 36

Colonic perforation

Question 37

Most serious complications in ALA

Answer 37

o rupture into the pericardium with a mortality rate of 70% o rupture into the pleura with mortality of 15 to 30% o super infection. o Intraperitoneal rupture, which occurs in 2 to 7.5% of cases, is the second most common complication

Question 38

Types of immunity

Answer 38

Natural and aquired

Question 39

Natural immunity

Answer 39

Mucin inhibition and killing of troph

Question 40

Acquired immunity

Answer 40

- T cells - lysing of troph - production of cytokines - helper effect

Question 41

Amebic modulation of host response

Answer 41

- T cell hyporesponsiveness - suppressed proliferation and cytokine production - delayed type hypersensitivity - macrophage suppression

Question 42

Treating inflammatory bowel disease w/ steroids can cause

Answer 42

Toxic megacolon

Question 43

differentiated from bacillary dysentery of the following etiology: Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli

Answer 43

Acute amebic colitis

Question 44

should be ruled out before steroid therapy for inflammatory bowel disease is started because of the risk of developing toxic megacolon.

Answer 44

Amebic colitis

Question 45

should be differentiated from carcinoma, tuberculosis, chancroid, and lymphogranuloma venereum

Answer 45

Genital amebiasis

Question 46

Minimum of how many stool are needed for examination

Answer 46

3

Question 47

Used for microscopic diagnosis

Answer 47

DFS, concentration method

Question 48

DFS for detecting troph motility

Answer 48

Saline

Question 49

DFS used to differentiate entamoeba from WBC

Answer 49

Saline and methylene blue

Question 50

Entamoeba will stain what color when stained with saline and methylene

Answer 50

Blue

Question 51

DFS where nucleus and karyosome is observed

Answer 51

Saline and iodine

Question 52

Aside from the norm what else can be seen in stool

Answer 52

Charcot-leyden crystals

Question 53

Used for concentration methods

Answer 53

• Formalin Ether/Ethyl Acetate Concentration Test (FECT) and • Merthiolate Iodine Formalin Concentration Test (MIFC)

Question 54

T or F: identification of E. histolytica and E. dispar is possible

Answer 54

False

Question 55

Is the gold standard in identification

Answer 55

PCR

Question 56

Identification method w/ sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 99%

Answer 56

ELISA

Question 57

Identification method used for research technique

Answer 57

Isoenzyme analysis

Question 58

Key to diagnosis of ALA

Answer 58

Antibodies in the serum

Question 59

Serological test for amebic disease

Answer 59

o indirect hemagglutination (IHAT) o counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) o agar gel diffusion (AGD)

Question 60

Detects antibodies of past infection even as long as 10yrs ago

Answer 60

Indirect hemagglutination

Question 61

Drug of choice for invasive amebiasis

Answer 61

Metronidazole

Question 62

Drug of choice for asymptomatic cysts passers

Answer 62

Diloxanude furoate