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FA Equations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation for cardiac output (CO)?

A

CO = Stroke Volume (SV) × Heart Rate (HR)
CO = rate of O2 consumption / (arterial O2 content - venous O2 content

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2
Q

The equation for the Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) is

A

MAP = 2/3 diastolic + 1/3 Systolic BP
MAP = CO x TPR

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3
Q

What is the equation for the Alveolar Gas Equation?

A

PAO2 = FiO2 × (Patm - PH2O) - (PaCO2/R)
PAO2 = PIO2 - (PaCO2/RQ) = 150 mmHg - (PaCO2 / 0.8)
*PH2O typically 45

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4
Q

What does the equation V = IR represent?

A

Ohm’s Law, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

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5
Q

What is the formula for the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?

A

GFR = U_inulin x V/P_inulin
GFR = Kf [ (P_gc - P_bm) - Pi_gc - Pi_bs)]

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6
Q

What is the equation for calculating the anion gap?

A

Anion Gap = Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-)

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7
Q

True or False: The equation for calculating Body Mass Index (BMI) is BMI = weight (kg) / height (m^2).

A

True

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8
Q

What is the equation for calculating the respiratory rate (RR) in a patient?

A

RR = Tidal Volume (TV) × Respiratory Frequency (f)

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9
Q

What is the equation for calculating total lung capacity (TLC)?

A

TLC = Vital Capacity (VC) + Residual Volume (RV)

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10
Q

The equation for calculating work done by the heart:

A

Work = Heart Rate x SV x MAP

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11
Q

What is the formula for calculating the clearance of a substance?

A

Clearance = (Urine concentration × Urine flow rate) / Plasma concentration
UV/P

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12
Q

What is the equation for calculating the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)?

A

PVR = (Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure - Left Atrial Pressure) / Cardiac Output
PVR = P_pa - P_la / Q

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13
Q

What is the equation for calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)?

A

eGFR = 186 × (Serum creatinine)^-1.154 × (Age)^-0.203 × (0.742 if female)

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14
Q

The equation for calculating stroke volume (SV)

A

SV = End Diastolic Volume (EDV) - End Systolic Volume (ESV).

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The equation for calculating respiratory minute volume (RMV) is RMV = _____ × Tidal Volume.

A

Respiratory Rate

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16
Q

What is the equation for calculating oxygen content in blood?

A

O2 content = (1.34 × Hb × SaO2) + (0.003 × PaO2)

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17
Q

What is the formula for calculating the Fick principle in cardiac output?

A

CO = O2 consumption / (Arterial O2 content - Venous O2 content)

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18
Q

What is the equation for calculating the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa)?

A

FENa = (Urine Na × Plasma Cr) / (Plasma Na × Urine Cr) × 100
FENa = Na+ excreted / Na+ Filtered (2023)
FENa = V x U_Na / GFR x P_Na
FENa =( P_Cr x U_Na) / (U_Cr x P_Na)

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19
Q

The equation for calculating osmolarity is

A

Osmolarity = 2 × (Na+ + K+) + (Glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8)

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20
Q

What is the formula for calculating the respiratory exchange ratio (RER)?

A

RER = CO2 produced / O2 consumed

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21
Q

What is the equation for calculating the total protein in the body?

A

Total Protein = Albumin + Globulins

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The equation for calculating the cardiac index (CI) is CI = _____ / Body Surface Area (BSA).

A

Cardiac Output (CO)

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23
Q

What is the equation for calculating the rate of diffusion of a gas?

A

Rate of diffusion = (Area × Difference in concentration) / (Thickness of membrane)

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24
Q

What is the equation for calculating the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)?

A

TDEE = Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) + Physical Activity Level (PAL)

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25
True or False: The equation for calculating the pulse pressure is Pulse Pressure = Systolic BP - Diastolic BP.
True
26
What is the formula for calculating the hematocrit (Hct)?
Hct = (Volume of red blood cells / Total blood volume) × 100 *Normal is around 3x the amount of hemoglobin
27
What is the equation to calculate the adjusted body weight (ABW)?
ABW = Ideal Body Weight + 0.4 × (Actual Body Weight - Ideal Body Weight)
28
The equation for calculating clearance of creatinine
Clearance = (Urine creatinine × Urine volume) / Plasma creatinine
29
What is the equation for calculating the rate of metabolism in the liver?
Rate of metabolism = (Concentration of substrate × Rate of enzyme activity)
30
What is the equation for calculating the efficiency of a drug?
Efficiency = (Emax × [Drug]) / (EC50 + [Drug])
31
True or False: The equation for calculating the body surface area (BSA) is BSA = sqrt((Height in cm × Weight in kg) / 3600).
True
32
What is the formula for calculating the net filtration pressure (NFP) in the kidneys?
NFP = (Glomerular Hydrostatic Pressure) - (Bowman's Capsule Pressure + Osmotic Pressure)
33
What is the equation for calculating the cardiac stroke work?
Cardiac Work = Stroke Volume × Mean Arterial Pressure
34
Fill in the blank: The equation for calculating the oxygen delivery (DO2) is DO2 = _____ × Cardiac Output.
Oxygen content
35
Volume of Distribution
Vd = amount of drug in the body / plasma drug concentration
36
half-life
t1/2 = 0.7 x Vd/ CL (clearance)
37
Drug clearance
CL = rate of elimination of drug/ plasma drug concentration = Vd x Kc (elimination constant
38
Loading dose
LD= Cp x Vd / F Cp = target plasma concentration F = bioavailability
39
Maintenance dose
D = (Cp x CL x tau) / F tau = dosage interval (time between doses)
40
Bioavailability
F= (AUC x Dose IV) / (AUC IV x Dose Oral)
41
Therapeutic Index
TI = TD50/ ED50 Median toxic dose / median effective dose
42
Odds ratio What type of study is it used for?
OR = (a/c)/(b/d) = ad/bc case-control studies
43
relative risk
RR = (a/a+b)/ (c/c+d)
44
attributable risk
AR = (a/a+b) - (c/c+d)
45
relative risk reduction
RRR = 1 - RR
46
Absolute risk reduction
ARR = (c/c+d) - (a/a+b)
47
Numbers needed to treat
NNT = 1/ARR
48
Numbers needed to harm
NNH= 1/AR
49
Likelihood ratio +
LR+ = (sensitivity / 1-specificity) = TP rate / FP rate
50
Likelihood ratio -
LR- = (1-sensitivity)/specificity = FN rate/ TN rate
51
Sensitivity
TP/(TP+FN)
52
Specificity
TN/(TN + FP)
53
Positive predictive value
PPV = TP/ (TP + FP)
54
Negative Predictive value
NPV = TN / (TN + FN)
55
Ejection fraction
EF = SV/EDV = (EDV - ESV)/ EDV
56
Resistance
57
Capillary fluid exchange
58
Reticulocyte production index
RPI = % reticulocytes x (actual Hct / normal Hct) / maturation time
59
Effective renal plasma flow
eRPF = U_PAH x (V/P_PAH) = C_PAH
60
Filtration fraction
FF = GFR / RPF
61
Henderson-hasselbalch equation for extracellular pH
62
Winter formula
63
Physiologic Dead space
VD = V_T x ((PaCO2- PECO2) / PaCO2)

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