Factfiles

Question 1

Tetracyclines general SE

Answer 1

Skin reactions
SLE
Photosensitivity

Question 2

Tetracyclines MAJOR SE

Answer 2

Irritation of the oesophagus
Intracranial hypertension

Question 3

What age group should avoid tetracyclines

Answer 3

Children under 12

Question 4

Pregnancy and breastfeeding tetracyclines

Answer 4

AVOID (teeth + skeletal)

Question 5

Tetracyclines counselling points

Answer 5

Do not take indigestion remedies or medicines containing iron or zinc 2hrs before or after.

Also milk for oxytetracycline

Take with plenty of water

Avoid sunlamps and sunlight

Question 6

Doxycycline interactions

Answer 6

Isotretinoin- Risk of benign intracranial hypertension increased

Lithium- Risk of lithium toxicity

Iron- Doxycycline absorption is decreased. Take 2-3 hours after doxycycline

Question 7

Food and flucoxacillin

Answer 7

Take 1 hour before food or on empty stomach

Question 8

Which 2 antibiotics can cause cholestatic jaundice

Answer 8

Flucox
Co-amox

Question 9

Amoxicillin interactions

Answer 9

Warfarin - May increase the INR and enhance effects of warfarin

Allopurinol- Increases the likelihood of allergic skin reactions

MTX- MTX tax due to reduced excretion with co-admin of amoxicillin

Question 10

How to reduce the risk of cholestatic jaundice

Answer 10

Avoid using for more than 14 days

Question 11

Which penicillin to be cautious with preg and BF

Answer 11

Tazocin - only use if benefits outweigh risks

Question 12

Which macrolide is safest in pregnancy

Answer 12

Erythromycin

Avoid clarithromycin especially 1st trimester

Question 13

General side effects of macrolides

Answer 13

Antibiotic associated colitis
Can prolong QT interval

Question 14

More severe SE of macrolides

Answer 14

SCARS
may aggravate myasthenia gravis
Electrolyte disturbances (hypokalaemia)

Question 15

Key clarithromycin and erythromycin interactions

Answer 15

Simvastatin- Increases risk of rhab

Warfarin- Increases anticoagulant effect

Theophylline- Decreases clearance of theophylline-> potential increased toxicity

QT prolonging- increased with use of concomitant amiodarone, citalopram, fluconazole

Question 16

Clarithromycin in hepatic impairment

Answer 16

Caution in mild-mod
Avoid in severe

Question 17

Clarithromycin in renal impairment

Answer 17

Half dose if egfr is below 30 for max 14 days for standard release. Avoid if MR

Question 18

Gentamicin indications

Answer 18

Septicaemia
Meningitis

Question 19

CI of gentamicin

Answer 19

Myasthenia gravis

Question 20

How long is advised for maximum parental gentamicin

Answer 20

7 days

Question 21

Key side effects of Gentamicin

Answer 21

Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity

Question 22

Multiple daily therapeutic range

Answer 22

5-10 unless endocarditis which is 3-5 mg/L

Question 23

Which abx need to be taken on an empty stomach. Hour before or 2 hours after food

Answer 23

Amazing Pharmacists forget ordering after food

Azithromycin caps
Phenoxymethylpenicllin
Flucloxacillin
Oxytetracycline
Ampicillin
Fosfomycin

Question 24

Which electrolytes disturbances does trimethoprim cause

Answer 24

Hyperkalemia
Hyponatraemia

Question 25

Can you use trimethoprim in pregnancy

Answer 25

No

Question 26

Trimethoprim key interactions

Answer 26

MTX- increased risk of adverse effects ACEI/ciclosporin/potassium sparring - Increased hyperkalaemia phenytoin - increased levels of phenytoin Warfarin- Increased anticoagulant effect of warfarin Nsaids- Increased risk of hyperkalemia and hyponatreamia

Question 27

Trimethoprim and renal impairment

Answer 27

15-30 eGFR - After 3 days half the normal dose <15 Half normal dose

Question 28

Which abx* to take with to just after a meal

Answer 28

Many Pharmacists can cook good Italian nosh Metronidazole Pivmecillinam Clarithromycin MR cEFUROXIME Griseofulvin Itraconazole Nitro

Question 29

Nitrofurantoin doses for IR and MR

Answer 29

IR 50mg QDS MR 100mg BD 3 days for females 7 days for males

Question 30

Renal impairment and nitro

Answer 30

Avoid if below 45 Can be used in caution for 3-7 days if egfr is between 30-44ml/min

Question 31

Side effects of nitro

Answer 31

Urine discoloured Hepatic disorders Gi UPSET

Question 32

Which other medication alongside quinolones increases the risk of convulsions

Answer 32

NSAIDS

Question 33

Lower uTI treatment duration for pregnant women

Answer 33

7 days

Question 34

Lower UTI treatment duration for patients with a catheter

Answer 34

7 days