Family and Households T1, Childhood Flashcards
(21 cards)
Who discusses the Western Notion and Golden Age of Childhood?
Pilcher
What is the Golden Age of Childhood?
Happiness, innocence, leisure and play, seperateness. Childhood is prioritised and kept distant from adulthood.
Who says that childhood is socially constructed and changes across different societies?
Wagg
What does Punch say?
Children in Bolivia work from the age of 5.
What does Malinowski say?
On one specific island, adults found children’s sexual explorations and activities amusing and were tolerant towards them.
What is the globalisation of Western Childhood?
Spreading of Western views of childhood.
What did Aries study and what did he find?
Evolution of childhood over time. In the 13th century/Middle Ages childhood did not exist, children worked from an early age. From the 13th century onwards, childhood started to emerge and ‘children-only’ spaces were distinct. 20th century, we are now obsessed with childhood.
What does Aries name the 20th century?
Century of the Child.
Who criticises Aries’ work?
Pollock says childhood did exist in the Middle Ages, it was just different than now.
Why has childhood changed over time?
Laws restricting child labour, growth of children’s rights, medical development for children (Donzelot), laws and policies around age restriction, declining family rates.
Why does the March of Progress view say the position of children has improved?
Children are less likely to be killed, abandoned, sexually abused etc. Smaller family sizes, parents spend lots on children, better healthcare, lower birth rates etc.
How much do parents spend on their child before their 21st birthday?
£227,000
Who discusses Toxic Childhood, and what is it?
Palmer. Impacts on children from video games, social media, marketing, emphasis on testing. Leads to obesity, smoking, drinking, teen pregnancies, etc.
What do conflict theorists think about the position of children?
There are still inequalities among children, and inequalities between children and adults, eg. ethnicity, class, gender etc.
According to Bonke, how much more domestic labour do girls do compared to boys?
5x more domestic labour.
Give an example of a way social class can influence childhood.
Children in w/c families may have bad nutrition, which can lead to poor development, intellectually and physically.
According to Firestone and Holt’s Child Liberationism, what are the 5 types of control adults have over children?
Neglect and abuse, bodies, access to resources, space and time.
What is Age Patriarchy?
Gittens says the inequalities between adults and children create a dominant dynamic. Children are oppressed by adults in the same way women are oppressed by men.
Who talks about the Disappearance of Childhood, and what is it?
Postman, he says children are growing in similarity to adults due to the rise of television culture.
What is the information hierarchy?
Adults and those who can read have more power than children and those who can’t, because information is usually printed.
Who opposes Postman’s study?
Jenks. He says childhood was a creation of modern society and a social construct. Due to the growth in Postmodernity, adults are more likely to get divorced, which can lead to instability for children. This means that children feel guilty and according to Smart et al, want to make the situation better.
