Family & Group Therapies

Question 1

Family Therapies

most approaches to family therapy have roots in what 3 theoretical frameworks?

Answer 1

general systems theory
cybernetic theory
communication theory

Question 2

Family Therapies

3 assumptions of general systems theory

Answer 2

all systems:
* consist of interacting components
* are governed by the same general rules
* have homeostatic mechanisms that help them maintain a state of stability & equilibrium

Question 3

Family Therapies

describe basic tenets of Cybernetic Theory

Answer 3

concerned with the mechanisms that regulate a system’s functioning and distinguishes between negative & positive feedback loops

Question 4

Family Therapies

describe negative feedback loops

Cybernetic Theory

Answer 4

these loops resist change and help a system maintian the status quo

Question 5

Family Therapies

describe positive feedback loops

Cybernetic Theory

Answer 5

these loops amplify change & disrupt the status quo

Question 6

Family Therapies

describe the assumption of Communication Theory and describe when problems occur according to this perspective

Answer 6

certain types of repetitive patterns of communication and interaction produce problematic behavior

problems occur in families when interactions between family members are exclusively symmetrical or complementary

Question 7

Family Therapies

Bateson (1972) linked the development of schizophrenia to double-bind communication. What is double-bind communication?

Communication Theory

Answer 7

when a person receives two contradictory messages from a family member & is not allowed to comment on the contradiction

Question 8

Family Therapies

Bateson (1972) distinguished bewteen symmetrical and complementary interactions - define these terms

Answer 8

symmetrical interactions: reflect equality & occur when the behavior of 1 person elicits a similar type of behavior from the other person

complementary interactions: reflect inequality & occur when the behavior of 1 person complements the behavior of the other person

Question 9

Family Therapies

these types of interactions can escalate in intensity and become a one-upmanship game

Answer 9

symmetrical

Question 10

Family Therapies

these types of interactions can be described as 1 person in dominant role & 1 person in subordinate role

Answer 10

complementary

Question 11

Family Therapies

recent approaches to family therapy are influenced by postmodernism, which challenges the basic premises of general systems theory - describe the basic premises of postmodernism

Answer 11

there are universal laws that govern systems & these laws can be discovered by scientific research

Question 12

Family Therapies

list 2 perspectives adopted by postmodernism approaches and describe their assumption(s)

Answer 12

constructivist & social constructionism
assume there are multiple viewpoints & realities

Question 13

Family Therapies

this process is associated with postmodernism approaches to family therapy and refers to forming a collaborative relationship with the family & helping family members identify alternative ways of interpreting and resolving problems

Answer 13

shared process

Question 14

Family Therapies

list 9 family therapies

Answer 14

1. Extended Family Systems Therapy
2. Structural Family Therapy
3. Strategic Family Therapy
4. Milan Systemic Family Therapy
5. Conjoint Family Therapy
6. Narrative Family Therapy
7. Emotionally-Focused Therapy
8. Functional Family Therapy
9. Multisystemic Therapy

Question 15

Extended Family Systems Therapy

1. developed by who
2. theoretical assumption(s)
3. primary goal

aka Intergenerational & Transgenerational Family Therapy

Answer 15

1. Bowen
2. views families as emotional units where changes in 1 person affect the whole family; thus, differentiation in 1 family member facilitates greater differentiation in other family members
3. to increase each family member’s differentiation

Question 16

Extended Family Systems Therapy

Bowen derived his approach from work with children with schizophrenia and their families, which led to what conclusion re: the etiology of schizophrenia?

Answer 16

transmission of certain emotional processes from one generation to the next is responsible for the development of schizophrenia in a fmaily member

Question 17

Extended Family Systems Therapy

1. concepts
2. interventions

Answer 17

1. concepts
   * Differentiation
   * Emotional Triangles
   * Family Projection Process
   * Multigenerational Transmission Process
2. interventions
   * 3 generation enograms
   * questions designed to difuse emotions & help family members identify how they contribute to family problems
   * teach family members how to interact with their families-of-origin in ways that increase differentiation

Question 18

Family & Group Therapies

differentiation, emotional triangles, family projection process, & multigenerational transmission process are all concepts of which family therapy

Answer 18

extended family therapy

Question 19

Extended Family Systems Therapy

purpose of genograms

Answer 19

to help family members understand intergenerational patterns of functioning

Question 20

Extended Family Systems Therapy

role of the therapist

Answer 20

• coach
• stay connected with family members but remain neutral to avoid becoming involved in the family’s emotional processes
• family members talk directly to therapist rather than to each other - reduces emotional reactivity in session

Question 21

Extended Family Systems Therapy

how many family members do Bowenian therapists see at one time and typically who are these family members?

Answer 21

2; typically the parents
OR
the individual family member who is most capable of increasing their level of differentiation

Question 22

Extended Family Systems Therapy

define differentiation

Answer 22

(intrapersonal) the degree at which each family member is able to separate their own emotional & intellectual functioning (e.g., separating thinking from feeling)

(interpersonal) which then makes it possible for them to separate their functioning from the functioning of other family members

Question 23

Extended Family Systems Therapy

according to Bowen, a person with a low level of differentiation will become ____ with other family members

Answer 23

emotionally fused

Question 24

Extended Family Systems Therapy

an extended family systems therapy concept that occurs when a family dyad experiencing tension recruits a 3rd family member

Answer 24

emotional triangles

Question 25

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** describe the purpose of emotional triangles according to Bowen's extended family systems therapy

Answer 25

**alleviate the tension** between the family dyad & **increases stability**

Question 26

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** according to Bowen, **when** does the likelihood of emotional triangles increase

Answer 26

as the levels of differentiation of family members decreases

Question 27

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** this extended family systems therapy concept refers to the parents' projection of their emotional immaturity onto their children

Answer 27

Family Projection Process

Question 28

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** expected impact of Bowen's family projection process concept on children

Answer 28

lower levels of differentiation

Question 29

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** this extended family systems therapy concept is an extension of the family projection process & refers to the transmission of emotional maturity from one generation to the next

Answer 29

Multigenerational Transmission Process

Question 30

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** which family member is the most likely to be impacted by Bowen's Multigenerational Transmission Process and how?

Answer 30

* the child **most involved** in the family's **emotional system** * they become the **least differentiated** family member

Question 31

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** according to Bowen, if the Multigeneratoinal Transmission Process continues over many generations, what is the outcome?

Answer 31

the development of severe psychiatric symptoms in a child

Question 32

# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** according to Bowen, how does the multigenerational transmission process impact adults

Answer 32

adults typically choose a spouse or partner who has a smiliar level of differentiation & the couple then transmits an even lower level of differentiation to one of its children

Question 33

# **Structural Family Therapy** 1. developed by who 2. theoretical assumption(s)

Answer 33

1. Munichin 2. family member's symptoms are related to **problems in the family structure**

Question 34

# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, what are 2 important aspects of a family's structure

Answer 34

* subsystems * boundaries

Question 35

# **Structural Family Therapy** a structural family therapy concept that refers to smaller units of the entire system that are responsible for carrying out specific tasks. For example, the members of the family that are responsible for caring for the children

Answer 35

subsystem

Question 36

# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, boundaries differ in terms of what? and exist on a what?

Answer 36

* degree of **permeability** * continuum

Question 37

# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, **overly diffuse** boundaries lead to what?

Answer 37

enmeshed relationships

Question 38

# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, overly rigid boundaries that lead to what?

Answer 38

**disengaged** relationships

Question 39

# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, this type of boundaries let family members have close relationships while maintaining a sense of personal identity

Answer 39

clear boundaries

Question 40

# **Structural Family Therapy** goals of therapy

Answer 40

* to **alleviate** current symptoms * to change the family structure by 1) **altering coalitions** and 2) creating **clear boundaries**

Question 41

# **Structural Family Therapy** focus of structural family therapy sessions

Answer 41

promoting behavior change (rather than insight)

Question 42

# **Structural Family Therapy** match the description with the correct type of rigid family triads: an unstable coalition, a stable coalition, a detouring - support coalition, a detour - attack coalition 1) occurs when parents avoid their conflict by blaming the child for their problems (aka triangulation) 2) occurs when parents overprotect the child to avoid their own problems 3) occurs when each parent separately demands that the child side with them 4) occurs when 1 parent and a child form an inflexible alliance against the other parent

Answer 42

1. a detouring - attack coalition 2. a detouring - support coalition 3. an unstable coalition 4. a stable coalition

Question 43

a practitioner of this type of therapy may say that dysfunctional family structures cause the family to repeatedly respond inappropriately to developmental & situational stress and result in maladaptive behaviors

Answer 43

Structural Family Therapy

Question 44

# **Structural Family Therapy** 3 phases of therapy

Answer 44

1. joining (initial engagement) 2. assessment (understanding family dynamics) 3. restructuring (**intervening** to change interaction patterns)

Question 45

# **Structural Family Therapy** during this phase of structural family therapy, the therapist works to **establish a therapeutic alliance** with the family using techniques like mimesis, tracking, & maintenaince

Answer 45

the joining phase

Question 46

# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the joining phase and involves adopting the family's affective, behavioral, & communication style

Answer 46

mimesis

Question 47

# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the joining phase and involves adopting the content of the family's communications

Answer 47

tracking

Question 48

delete

Question 49

# **Structural Family Therapy** during this phase of structural family therapy, the therapist makes a structural diagnosis, identifies appropriate interventions, and uses techniques such as constructing a family map

Answer 49

evaluation phase

Question 50

# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used in the evaluation phase and involves identifying subsystems, boundaries, and other aspects of the family's structure

Answer 50

family map

Question 51

# **Structural Family Therapy** during this phase of structural family therapy, the therapist focuses on techniques such as reframing, unbalancing, boundary making, and enactment

Answer 51

intervening phase

Question 52

# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the intervening phase and involves asking family members to **role-play a problematic interaction** so the therapist can obtain information about the interaction and then encourage family members to interact in an alternative way

Answer 52

enactment

Question 53

# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the intervening phase to **alter hierarchical relationships** & involves the therapist aligning with a fmaily member whose level of power needs to be increased

Answer 53

unbalancing

Question 54

# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the intervening phase and involves **relabeling a problematic behavior** so it can be viewed in a more contructive way

Answer 54

reframing

Question 55

# **Structural Family Therapy** A family therapist described a patient's depression & anxiety as loneliness. The technique being used by this therapist is referred to as...

Answer 55

reframing

Question 56

# **Structural Family Therapy** A family therapist meeting with a family of 3 (mom, dad, teendage daughter) aligns with the teenage daughter in an effort to increase the daughter's level of power. The technique being used by the therapist is referred to as...

Answer 56

unbalancing

Question 57

# **Structural Family Therapy** After hearing about a recent interaction among family members that was particularly problematic and distressing for the family, a family therapist asks the family to role-play the interaction. Afterwards, the family therapist asks the family to role-play the same situation but in an alternative way. The technique being used by the this therapist is referred to as...

Answer 57

enactment

Question 58

# **Strategic Family Therapy** 1. developed by who 2. theoretical assumption(s)

Answer 58

1. Haley 2. theoretical assumptions: * maladaptive family functioning is often related to **unclear or inappropriate hierarchies** * **struggles for power & control** in relationships are core features of family functioning

Question 59

# **Strategic Family Therapy** according to Haley, this term refers to a **strategy** that is adaptive to a current social situation for controlling a relationship when all other strategies have failed | from Goldenberg & Goldenberg (2013)

Answer 59

a symptom

Question 60

# **Strategic Family Therapy** primary goal(s)

Answer 60

to **alter family interactions** that are maintaining its symptoms

Question 61

# **Strategic Family Therapy** role & characteristics of strategic family therapists

Answer 61

* active * use strategies aimed at changing behavior (rather than instilling insight)

Question 62

# **Strategic Family Therapy** match the descriptions to the correct stages of an initial session of Haley's Strategic Family Therapy: social stage, problem stage, interactional stage, goal-setting stage 1) family members discuss their different views of the family's problem & therapist observes how they interact when addressing the problem 2) therapist welcomes family & observes their interactions 3) therapist helps family members agree on a definition of the family's problem & concrete therapy goals that target the problem 4) therapist elicits each family member's view of the family problem & its causes

Answer 62

1. interactional stage 2. social stage (brief) 3. goal-setting stage 4. problem stage

Question 63

# **Strategic Family Therapy** interventions throughout treatment are a combination of these 2 directives

Answer 63

straightforward & paradoxical

Question 64

# **Strategic Family Therapy** this type of directive in strategic family therapy involves **instructions to engage** in specific behaviors that will change how family members interact

Answer 64

straightforward directives

Question 65

# **Strategic Family Therapy** this type of directive in strategic family therapy involves helping family members realize that they have control over problematic behavior and using the resistance of family members to help them change in desired ways, which consists of prescribing the symptom, restraining, & ordeals

Answer 65

paradoxial directives

Question 66

# **Strategic Family Therapy** this strategic family therapy intervention involves instructing the family members to engage in problematic behavior, often in an exaggerated way

Answer 66

prescribing the symptom

Question 67

# **Strategic Family Therapy** this strategic family therapy intervention involves **encouraging family members NOT to change** or warning them not to change too quickly

Answer 67

restraining

Question 68

# **Strategic Family Therapy** this strategic family therapy intervention involves an unpleasant task that a family member is asked to perform whenever they engage in the undesirable behavior

Answer 68

ordeal

Question 69

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** list the theoretical assumption of Milan Systemic Family Therapy | Salvini-Palazzoli, Boscolo, Ceechin, & Prata

Answer 69

the family as a whole **protects itself from change** through **homeostatic rules** and **patterns of communication**

Question 70

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this term for patterns of communication refers to rigid problematic behaviors and involves power struggles between family members

Answer 70

family games (aka "dirty games")

Question 71

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** 1. primary goal(s) of therapy 2. focus of sessions

Answer 71

1. **alter the family rules & communication patterns** that are maintaining problematic behavior 2. focus of sessions - providing family with information that: * **challenges** family games * helps family members **develop communication patterns** * increases the family's ability to **adapt to change**

Question 72

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** what distinguishes Milan Systemic Family Therapy from other family therapies?

Answer 72

it's use of a **therapeutic team** & **five-part** therapy sessions

Question 73

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** list the 5-parts of therapy sessions

Answer 73

1. pre-session 2. session 3. intersession 4. intervention 5. post-session

Question 74

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** list 5 commonly used strategies | **H**ouses **N**eed **C**alm **P**eople **F**unctioning

Answer 74

1. hypothesizing 2. neutralizing 3. circular questions 4. positive connotation 5. family rituals

Question 75

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this term is a milan systemic family therapy strategy and refers to a continual interactive process of speculating and making assumptions about the family's situation

Answer 75

hypothesizing

Question 76

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** a practitioner of milan systemic family therapy using the hypothesizing strategy would develop their 1st hypothesis from information obtained how?

Answer 76

in the initial telephone interview

Question 77

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** a practitioner of milan systemic family therapy using the hypothesizing strategy would modify their hypotheses when?

Answer 77

as new information about the **family's functioning** is acquired

Question 78

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy refers to the therapist's interest in the family's situation & acceptance of each family member's perception of the problem

Answer 78

neutrality

Question 79

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy involves asking each family member the same question for the purpose of 1) identifying differences in perceptions about events & relationships and 2) uncovering family communication patterns

Answer 79

circular questioning | "**e.g., "When mom is depressed, what does Dad do?"**

Question 80

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy refers to a type of reframing of the family's perceived problem and involves changing the family's perception of a symptom from an individual family member's illness to, instead, a behavior involving the entire family system that's voluntarily controlled & well intentions

Answer 80

positive connotation

Question 81

# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy refers to activities carried out by family members between sessions in an effort to alter problematic family games

Answer 81

family rituals ## Footnote **e.g., when parents are competitive in their control of children's behavior or family events, the therapist might instruct the mother to make all family decisions on odd-numbered days & the father to make decisions on even-numbered days**

Question 82

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** 1. developed by who 2. theoretical influences 3. theoretical assumption(s) | aka the human validation process model

Answer 82

1. Satir 2. humanistic psychology & communication & experiential approaches 3. family systems **seek a state of balance** & family problems arise when balance is maintained by **unrealistic expectations**, **inappropriate rules and roles**, & **dysfunctional communication**

Question 83

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** match the description with the correct dysfunctional communication styles according to Satir: placating, blaming, computing, distracting 1) taking an overly intellectual & rational (super-reasonable) approach to avoid becoming emotionally engaged with others 2) changing the subject & making inappropriate jokes to distract attention & avoid conflict 3) agreeing with or capitulating to others due to fear, dependency, & a desire to be loved & accepted 4) accusing, judging, and bullying others to avoid taking responsibility & to hide feelings of vulnerability & worthlessness

Answer 83

1. computing 2. distracting 3. placating 4. blaming

Question 84

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** this communication style is characterized by a functional style, congruence between verbal & nonverbal messages, directness & authenticity, and emotional enagement with others

Answer 84

congruent (or leveling)

Question 85

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** 1. primary goal(s) of therapy 2. interventions & techniques

Answer 85

1. to **enhance the growth potential** of family members by **increasing** their **self-esteem**, strengthening their **problem-solving skills**, & helping them **communicate congruently** 2. use of the **self**, family **sculpting**, & family **reconstruction**

Question 86

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** according to Satir, this is the most important therapeutic tool

Answer 86

use of the self

Question 87

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** list the 5 roles therapists have when working with clients according to Satir

Answer 87

* facilitator * mediator * advocate * educator * role model

Question 88

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** this is a conjoint family therapy technique that involves having each family member take a turn positioning other family members in ways that depict their view of family relationships

Answer 88

family **sculpting**

Question 89

# **Conjoint Family Therapy** this is a conjoint family therapy intervention that is a type of psychodrama and involves **role-playing** 3 generations of the family to **explore unresolved family issues** & events

Answer 89

family reconstruction

Question 90

# **Narrative Family Therapy** 1. leading contributors 2. theoretical assumption(s)

Answer 90

1. White & Epston 2. assumptions: * people's problems are **externalized** & stem from the **oppresive, socially constructed stories** they develop & maintain "a person's problems as arising from, and being maintained by, oppressive socially constructed stories which dominate ther person's life... the person is NOT the problem; the problem is not internal to the person but is something that exists outside of the person"

Question 91

# **Narrative Family Therapy** give an example of this approach's theoretical assumption that the problem - not the person - is the problem | re: depression

Answer 91

instead of saying that a family member is depressed, a narrative family therapist would say that **depression sometimes causes problems for the person**

Question 92

# **Narrative Family Therapy** list the primary goal of narrative family therapy

Answer 92

to **replace problem-saturated stories** with alternative stories that support more satisfying & preferred outcomes

Question 93

broad stages of the process of narrative family therapy

Answer 93

*vary somewhat among practitioners but generally involve the following:* * **meeting** family members * **listening** * **separating** family members **from problems** * **enacting** preferred narratives * **solidifying**

Question 94

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves getting to know them separate from their problems and asking about their interests & everyday activities

Answer 94

meeting family members stage

Question 95

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves paying attention to what family members say to identify dominant discourses & unique outcomes (aka "sparkling moments")

Answer 95

listening stage

Question 96

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this term is associated with narrative family therapy and refers to experiences that are **not consistent** with problem-saturated stories

Answer 96

sparkling moments

Question 97

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves externalizing the problems (e.g., the problem - NOT the person - is the problem)

Answer 97

**separating** family members from their problems stage

Question 98

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves identifying alternative stories that lead to more satisfying realities & identities

Answer 98

**enacting** preferred narratives stage

Question 99

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves **strengthening alternative stories** and involves ther therapist writing letters of support to family members and expanding the family's network of social relationships to include individuals who will support its new stories

Answer 99

solidifying stage

Question 100

# **Narrative Family Therapy** 1. role of the therapist 2. interventions & techniques

Answer 100

1. collaborator 2. interventions & techniques: * externalizing & opening space **questions** * therapeutic **letters** * therapeutic **certificates** * definitional **ceremonies**

Question 101

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is used to help clients view their problems as being outside themselves (e.g., "What does your anger tell you to do?")

Answer 101

externalizing questions

Question 102

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is used to help family members identify unique outcomes (e.g., "Have there been times when conflicts didn't control your lives?")

Answer 102

opening space questions

Question 103

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is used to reinforce family members' emerging alternative stories, highlight family's strengths, and summarize positive shifts

Answer 103

therapeutic letters

Question 104

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is given to family members toward the end of therapy to acknowledge their accomplishments

Answer 104

therapeutic certificates

Question 105

# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention provides family members with opportunities to **tell others** how they overcame their problems & **celebrate the changes** they've made in their lives

Answer 105

definitional ceremonies

Question 106

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** 1. integrates principles of what other approaches 2. developed for what purpose

Answer 106

1. attachment theory, humanistic-experiential approaches, & systems theory 2. to help **emotionally distressed partners** who want to strengthen their relationship & stay together

Question 107

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** when is EFT for couples contraindicated

Answer 107

* partners with different agendas for their relationship or for therapy * therapist believes that emotional vulnerability is not safe or advisable (e.g., when there is ongoing IPV in the relationship) * a partner has an untreated SUD

Question 108

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** main difference between Emotionally-Focused Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy

Answer 108

emotion-focused therapy refers to **various therapies** that **emphasize emotion as the target of change**

Question 109

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** 3 assumptions

Answer 109

1. **emotions are essential** to the organization of attachment behaviors **& influence perceptions** of self & partner (i.e., "how people experience themselves & their partners in intimate relationships") 2. the **attachment needs** of partners are essentially healthy & adaptive but problems stem from **attachment-related insecurities** 3. **relationship distress** is maintained by the ways in which interactions between partners are organized & by the **dominant emotional experiences** of each partner

Question 110

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** a practicitioner of emotionally-focused therapy is likely to assume what is the fastest & most effective way to solve problems

Answer 110

helping partners **express and deal with their emotions**

Question 111

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** primary goal(s) of therapy

Answer 111

* **expand & restructure emotional experiences** partners have with each other * develop **new interactional patterns** * experience **attachment security** within their relationship

Question 112

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** 3 stages of therapy

Answer 112

1. **assessment** & cycle **de-escalation** 2. changing interactional positions & creating **new bonding events** 3. **consolidation** & **integration**

Question 113

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** Shapiro (2001) first suggested the potential usefulness of combining EFT with *this therapeutic approach*. The effectiveness of this combined approach for couples who are affected by war trauma was later confirmed by Eberro & Sommers-Flanagan (2007).

Answer 113

EMDR

Question 114

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** Knox's (2015) research on the effects of combining EMDR & EFT as a treatment for couples who are affected by war trauma found...

Answer 114

the **combined treatment was more effective** than EFT alone or EMDR alone for improving **marital satisfaction** and **attachment security** BUT - **EMDR alone** was most effective for reducing the symptoms of PTSD

Question 115

# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** Research conducted by Knox (2015) found these outcomes from using an EMDR only approach

Answer 115

greatest reduction in PTSD symptoms

Question 116

# **Functional Family Therapy** **NEED TO EDIT - separate into multiple cards** 1. target population 2. integrates elements of what other family therapies 3. theoretical assumptions

Answer 116

1. at-risk adolescents (e.g., those who have conduct disorder and/or a SUD) & their families 2. structural, strategic, & behavioral family therapies 3. assumes **problematic behaviors** within a family serve important relationship functions - they **regulate interpersonal connections & relational hierarchies**

Question 117

# **Functional Family Therapy** list the primary goal(s) of functional family therapy

Answer 117

to **replace problematic behaviors with nonproblematic behaviors** that fulfill the same relationship functions

Question 118

# **Functional Family Therapy** list the 3 stages of functional family therapy

Answer 118

1) Engagement & Motivation Stage 2) Behavior Change Stage 3) Generalization Stage

Question 119

# **Functional Family Therapy** typical number of sessions & length of time

Answer 119

* 8 to 30 sessions * 3- to 6-months

Question 120

# **Functional Family Therapy** this stage of functional family therapy involves forming a therapeutic alliance, reducing feelings of hopelessness & negativity, increasing positive expectations for change, and developing a family-focused understanding of its presenting problems and consists of joining & reframing interventions

Answer 120

Engagement & Motivation Stage

Question 121

# **Functional Family Therapy** this stage of functional family therapy involves idenfitiying immediate & long-term behavioral goals; implementing an individualized treatment plan for the family and consists of interventions that include parenting, communication, problem-solving, and coping skills training

Answer 121

Behavior Change Stage

Question 122

# **Functional Family Therapy** this stage of functional family therapy involves maintaining behavior change & generalizing acquired skills to new problems & situations and consists of techniques such as linking family members to community resources and identifying ways to avoid relapse

Answer 122

Generalization Stage

Question 123

# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. target population(s) 2. theoretical foundation

Answer 123

1. adolescent offenders at risk for out-of-home placement & their families ***and*** adolescents with other serious clinical problems (e.g., psychiatric disturbances, substance abuse, & childhood maltreatment) 2. Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model

Question 124

# **Multisystemic Therapy** Bronfenbrenner's view of individuals

Answer 124

individuals as being **embedded in and influenced** directly & indirectly by multiple systems

Question 125

# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. focus 2. the 9 treatment principles

Answer 125

1. the specific **individual, family, peer, school, & social network variables** that contribute to the presenting problem & **the interactions** between these contributing factors 2. the **9 treatment principles** include the following: * **finding the fit** between identified problems & their broader systemic context * focusing on **positives & strengths** * increasing **responsibility** * being present-focused, action-oriented, and well-defined * targeting **behavior sequences** * using developmentally appropriate **interventions** * encouraging **continuous effort** * stressing **evaluation & accountability** * promoting **generalization**

Question 126

# **Multisystemic Therapy** The MST model includes 9 treatment principles that are applied using an ____ process called _____.

Answer 126

* analytic * "MST Do-Loop"

Question 127

# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. MST is provided in these 2 settings 2. interventions are derived from these approaches 3. targets factors that are...

Answer 127

1. family's **home & community** settings where problems occur 2. strategic & structural family therapy, behavior therapy, & CBT 3. ...driving **problem behaviors**

Question 128

# **Multisystemic Therapy** MST is delivered by ____ and is tailored the adolescent's and family's ____.

Answer 128

* a multidisciplinary team * target behaviors

Question 129

# **Multisystemic Therapy** list the likely members of an MST treatment team for an adolescent with academic & conduct problems, frequent use of marijuana & cocaine, and a recent arrest for cocaine possession

Answer 129

* caseworker * family therapist * substance abuse counselor * individuals who work with the adolescent in their school & neighborhood

Question 130

# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. When MST is not implemented as intended, effectiveness is low. Thus, this system is used to promote treatment fidelity, which includes these 4 components

Answer 130

1. a quality assurance system * initial & booster **training** of therapists * ongoing **supervision & consultation** * measures that **evaluate** the adherence of the therapist, supervisor, & consultants to the MST model * a **program implementation review**, completed every 6 months by the supervisor & an expert consultant

Question 131

# **Group Therapy** list the formative stages of group therapy according to Yalom & Leszcz (2005)

Answer 131

*stages typically overlap* 1. initial **orientation**, hesitant **participation**, **search** for meaning, & **dependency** stage 2. **conflict**, dominance, & rebellion stage 3. development of **cohesiveness** stage

Question 132

# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, during this stage of group therapy group members are usually concerned with **clarifying the nature & purpose** of group and **dependant on the leader** for structure, acceptance, & answers to their questions

Answer 132

initial orientation, hesitant participation, search for mening, & dependency stage

Question 133

# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, interactions during this stage of group therapy involve describing symptoms, previous treatments, & giving and seeking advice

Answer 133

initial **orientation**, hesitant **participation**, **search** for meaning, & **dependency** stage

Question 134

# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, characteristics of this stage of group therapy group members usually **compete for power** & control, attempt to establish a pecking order, and tend to be **critical of each other**

Answer 134

conflict, dominance, & rebellion stage ## Footnote *some group members may become hostile & resentful toward the therapist as they become aware that they're not going to become the therapist's **favorite child***

Question 135

# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, characteristics of this stage of group therapy group members begin to trust each other & the therapist, may reveal the real reason they've come to group, and may show concern when a member is absent or drops out of therapy

Answer 135

development of cohesiveness stage

Question 136

# **Group Therapy** what does the development of cohesiveness among group members indicate

Answer 136

the beginning of a **mature group** that can **deal effectively** with the concerns & problems of group members

Question 137

# **Group Therapy** list the 11 therapeutic factors

Answer 137

1. group **cohesiveness** 2. instillation of **hope** 3. **universality** 4. **altruism** 5. imparting **information** 6. development of **socializing** techniques 7. **corrective recapitulation** of the primary family group 8. **interpersonal learning** 9. imitative **behavior** 10. **catharsis** 11. **existential** factors

Question 138

# **Group Therapy** this group therapeutic factor is considered analogous with the therapeutic alliance in individual therapy, is viewed as a precondition for the other therapeutic factors, and has most consistently been found to be a strong predictor of positive group therapy outcomes

Answer 138

group cohesiveness