{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }

Family & Group Therapies Flashcards

(138 cards)

1
Q

Family Therapies

most approaches to family therapy have roots in what 3 theoretical frameworks?

A

general systems theory
cybernetic theory
communication theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Family Therapies

3 assumptions of general systems theory

A

all systems:
* consist of interacting components
* are governed by the same general rules
* have homeostatic mechanisms that help them maintain a state of stability & equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Family Therapies

describe basic tenets of Cybernetic Theory

A

concerned with the mechanisms that regulate a system’s functioning and distinguishes between negative & positive feedback loops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Family Therapies

describe negative feedback loops

Cybernetic Theory

A

these loops resist change and help a system maintian the status quo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Family Therapies

describe positive feedback loops

Cybernetic Theory

A

these loops amplify change & disrupt the status quo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Family Therapies

describe the assumption of Communication Theory and describe when problems occur according to this perspective

A

certain types of repetitive patterns of communication and interaction produce problematic behavior

problems occur in families when interactions between family members are exclusively symmetrical or complementary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Family Therapies

Bateson (1972) linked the development of schizophrenia to double-bind communication. What is double-bind communication?

Communication Theory

A

when a person receives two contradictory messages from a family member & is not allowed to comment on the contradiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Family Therapies

Bateson (1972) distinguished bewteen symmetrical and complementary interactions - define these terms

A

symmetrical interactions: reflect equality & occur when the behavior of 1 person elicits a similar type of behavior from the other person

complementary interactions: reflect inequality & occur when the behavior of 1 person complements the behavior of the other person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Family Therapies

these types of interactions can escalate in intensity and become a one-upmanship game

A

symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Family Therapies

these types of interactions can be described as 1 person in dominant role & 1 person in subordinate role

A

complementary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Family Therapies

recent approaches to family therapy are influenced by postmodernism, which challenges the basic premises of general systems theory - describe the basic premises of postmodernism

A

there are universal laws that govern systems & these laws can be discovered by scientific research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Family Therapies

list 2 perspectives adopted by postmodernism approaches and describe their assumption(s)

A

constructivist & social constructionism
assume there are multiple viewpoints & realities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Family Therapies

this process is associated with postmodernism approaches to family therapy and refers to forming a collaborative relationship with the family & helping family members identify alternative ways of interpreting and resolving problems

A

shared process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Family Therapies

list 9 family therapies

A
  1. Extended Family Systems Therapy
  2. Structural Family Therapy
  3. Strategic Family Therapy
  4. Milan Systemic Family Therapy
  5. Conjoint Family Therapy
  6. Narrative Family Therapy
  7. Emotionally-Focused Therapy
  8. Functional Family Therapy
  9. Multisystemic Therapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

  1. developed by who
  2. theoretical assumption(s)
  3. primary goal

aka Intergenerational & Transgenerational Family Therapy

A
  1. Bowen
  2. views families as emotional units where changes in 1 person affect the whole family; thus, differentiation in 1 family member facilitates greater differentiation in other family members
  3. to increase each family member’s differentiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

Bowen derived his approach from work with children with schizophrenia and their families, which led to what conclusion re: the etiology of schizophrenia?

A

transmission of certain emotional processes from one generation to the next is responsible for the development of schizophrenia in a fmaily member

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

  1. concepts
  2. interventions
A
  1. concepts
    * Differentiation
    * Emotional Triangles
    * Family Projection Process
    * Multigenerational Transmission Process
  2. interventions
    * 3 generation enograms
    * questions designed to difuse emotions & help family members identify how they contribute to family problems
    * teach family members how to interact with their families-of-origin in ways that increase differentiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Family & Group Therapies

differentiation, emotional triangles, family projection process, & multigenerational transmission process are all concepts of which family therapy

A

extended family therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

purpose of genograms

A

to help family members understand intergenerational patterns of functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

role of the therapist

A
  • coach
  • stay connected with family members but remain neutral to avoid becoming involved in the family’s emotional processes
  • family members talk directly to therapist rather than to each other - reduces emotional reactivity in session
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

how many family members do Bowenian therapists see at one time and typically who are these family members?

A

2; typically the parents
OR
the individual family member who is most capable of increasing their level of differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

define differentiation

A

(intrapersonal) the degree at which each family member is able to separate their own emotional & intellectual functioning (e.g., separating thinking from feeling)

(interpersonal) which then makes it possible for them to separate their functioning from the functioning of other family members

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

according to Bowen, a person with a low level of differentiation will become ____ with other family members

A

emotionally fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

an extended family systems therapy concept that occurs when a family dyad experiencing tension recruits a 3rd family member

A

emotional triangles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** describe the purpose of emotional triangles according to Bowen's extended family systems therapy
**alleviate the tension** between the family dyad & **increases stability**
26
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** according to Bowen, **when** does the likelihood of emotional triangles increase
as the levels of differentiation of family members decreases
27
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** this extended family systems therapy concept refers to the parents' projection of their emotional immaturity onto their children
Family Projection Process
28
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** expected impact of Bowen's family projection process concept on children
lower levels of differentiation
29
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** this extended family systems therapy concept is an extension of the family projection process & refers to the transmission of emotional maturity from one generation to the next
Multigenerational Transmission Process
30
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** which family member is the most likely to be impacted by Bowen's Multigenerational Transmission Process and how?
* the child **most involved** in the family's **emotional system** * they become the **least differentiated** family member
31
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** according to Bowen, if the Multigeneratoinal Transmission Process continues over many generations, what is the outcome?
the development of severe psychiatric symptoms in a child
32
# **Extended Family Systems Therapy** according to Bowen, how does the multigenerational transmission process impact adults
adults typically choose a spouse or partner who has a smiliar level of differentiation & the couple then transmits an even lower level of differentiation to one of its children
33
# **Structural Family Therapy** 1. developed by who 2. theoretical assumption(s)
1. Munichin 2. family member's symptoms are related to **problems in the family structure**
34
# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, what are 2 important aspects of a family's structure
* subsystems * boundaries
35
# **Structural Family Therapy** a structural family therapy concept that refers to smaller units of the entire system that are responsible for carrying out specific tasks. For example, the members of the family that are responsible for caring for the children
subsystem
36
# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, boundaries differ in terms of what? and exist on a what?
* degree of **permeability** * continuum
37
# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, **overly diffuse** boundaries lead to what?
enmeshed relationships
38
# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, overly rigid boundaries that lead to what?
**disengaged** relationships
39
# **Structural Family Therapy** according to Munichin, this type of boundaries let family members have close relationships while maintaining a sense of personal identity
clear boundaries
40
# **Structural Family Therapy** goals of therapy
* to **alleviate** current symptoms * to change the family structure by 1) **altering coalitions** and 2) creating **clear boundaries**
41
# **Structural Family Therapy** focus of structural family therapy sessions
promoting behavior change (rather than insight)
42
# **Structural Family Therapy** match the description with the correct type of rigid family triads: an unstable coalition, a stable coalition, a detouring - support coalition, a detour - attack coalition 1) occurs when parents avoid their conflict by blaming the child for their problems (aka triangulation) 2) occurs when parents overprotect the child to avoid their own problems 3) occurs when each parent separately demands that the child side with them 4) occurs when 1 parent and a child form an inflexible alliance against the other parent
1. a detouring - attack coalition 2. a detouring - support coalition 3. an unstable coalition 4. a stable coalition
43
a practitioner of this type of therapy may say that dysfunctional family structures cause the family to repeatedly respond inappropriately to developmental & situational stress and result in maladaptive behaviors
Structural Family Therapy
44
# **Structural Family Therapy** 3 phases of therapy
1. joining (initial engagement) 2. assessment (understanding family dynamics) 3. restructuring (**intervening** to change interaction patterns)
45
# **Structural Family Therapy** during this phase of structural family therapy, the therapist works to **establish a therapeutic alliance** with the family using techniques like mimesis, tracking, & maintenaince
the joining phase
46
# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the joining phase and involves adopting the family's affective, behavioral, & communication style
mimesis
47
# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the joining phase and involves adopting the content of the family's communications
tracking
48
delete
49
# **Structural Family Therapy** during this phase of structural family therapy, the therapist makes a structural diagnosis, identifies appropriate interventions, and uses techniques such as constructing a family map
evaluation phase
50
# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used in the evaluation phase and involves identifying subsystems, boundaries, and other aspects of the family's structure
family map
51
# **Structural Family Therapy** during this phase of structural family therapy, the therapist focuses on techniques such as reframing, unbalancing, boundary making, and enactment
intervening phase
52
# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the intervening phase and involves asking family members to **role-play a problematic interaction** so the therapist can obtain information about the interaction and then encourage family members to interact in an alternative way
enactment
53
# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the intervening phase to **alter hierarchical relationships** & involves the therapist aligning with a fmaily member whose level of power needs to be increased
unbalancing
54
# **Structural Family Therapy** this structural family therapy technique is typically used during the intervening phase and involves **relabeling a problematic behavior** so it can be viewed in a more contructive way
reframing
55
# **Structural Family Therapy** A family therapist described a patient's depression & anxiety as loneliness. The technique being used by this therapist is referred to as...
reframing
56
# **Structural Family Therapy** A family therapist meeting with a family of 3 (mom, dad, teendage daughter) aligns with the teenage daughter in an effort to increase the daughter's level of power. The technique being used by the therapist is referred to as...
unbalancing
57
# **Structural Family Therapy** After hearing about a recent interaction among family members that was particularly problematic and distressing for the family, a family therapist asks the family to role-play the interaction. Afterwards, the family therapist asks the family to role-play the same situation but in an alternative way. The technique being used by the this therapist is referred to as...
enactment
58
# **Strategic Family Therapy** 1. developed by who 2. theoretical assumption(s)
1. Haley 2. theoretical assumptions: * maladaptive family functioning is often related to **unclear or inappropriate hierarchies** * **struggles for power & control** in relationships are core features of family functioning
59
# **Strategic Family Therapy** according to Haley, this term refers to a **strategy** that is adaptive to a current social situation for controlling a relationship when all other strategies have failed | from Goldenberg & Goldenberg (2013)
a symptom
60
# **Strategic Family Therapy** primary goal(s)
to **alter family interactions** that are maintaining its symptoms
61
# **Strategic Family Therapy** role & characteristics of strategic family therapists
* active * use strategies aimed at changing behavior (rather than instilling insight)
62
# **Strategic Family Therapy** match the descriptions to the correct stages of an initial session of Haley's Strategic Family Therapy: social stage, problem stage, interactional stage, goal-setting stage 1) family members discuss their different views of the family's problem & therapist observes how they interact when addressing the problem 2) therapist welcomes family & observes their interactions 3) therapist helps family members agree on a definition of the family's problem & concrete therapy goals that target the problem 4) therapist elicits each family member's view of the family problem & its causes
1. interactional stage 2. social stage (brief) 3. goal-setting stage 4. problem stage
63
# **Strategic Family Therapy** interventions throughout treatment are a combination of these 2 directives
straightforward & paradoxical
64
# **Strategic Family Therapy** this type of directive in strategic family therapy involves **instructions to engage** in specific behaviors that will change how family members interact
straightforward directives
65
# **Strategic Family Therapy** this type of directive in strategic family therapy involves helping family members realize that they have control over problematic behavior and using the resistance of family members to help them change in desired ways, which consists of prescribing the symptom, restraining, & ordeals
paradoxial directives
66
# **Strategic Family Therapy** this strategic family therapy intervention involves instructing the family members to engage in problematic behavior, often in an exaggerated way
prescribing the symptom
67
# **Strategic Family Therapy** this strategic family therapy intervention involves **encouraging family members NOT to change** or warning them not to change too quickly
restraining
68
# **Strategic Family Therapy** this strategic family therapy intervention involves an unpleasant task that a family member is asked to perform whenever they engage in the undesirable behavior
ordeal
69
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** list the theoretical assumption of Milan Systemic Family Therapy | Salvini-Palazzoli, Boscolo, Ceechin, & Prata
the family as a whole **protects itself from change** through **homeostatic rules** and **patterns of communication**
70
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this term for patterns of communication refers to rigid problematic behaviors and involves power struggles between family members
family games (aka "dirty games")
71
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** 1. primary goal(s) of therapy 2. focus of sessions
1. **alter the family rules & communication patterns** that are maintaining problematic behavior 2. focus of sessions - providing family with information that: * **challenges** family games * helps family members **develop communication patterns** * increases the family's ability to **adapt to change**
72
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** what distinguishes Milan Systemic Family Therapy from other family therapies?
it's use of a **therapeutic team** & **five-part** therapy sessions
73
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** list the 5-parts of therapy sessions
1. pre-session 2. session 3. intersession 4. intervention 5. post-session
74
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** list 5 commonly used strategies | **H**ouses **N**eed **C**alm **P**eople **F**unctioning
1. hypothesizing 2. neutralizing 3. circular questions 4. positive connotation 5. family rituals
75
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this term is a milan systemic family therapy strategy and refers to a continual interactive process of speculating and making assumptions about the family's situation
hypothesizing
76
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** a practitioner of milan systemic family therapy using the hypothesizing strategy would develop their 1st hypothesis from information obtained how?
in the initial telephone interview
77
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** a practitioner of milan systemic family therapy using the hypothesizing strategy would modify their hypotheses when?
as new information about the **family's functioning** is acquired
78
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy refers to the therapist's interest in the family's situation & acceptance of each family member's perception of the problem
neutrality
79
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy involves asking each family member the same question for the purpose of 1) identifying differences in perceptions about events & relationships and 2) uncovering family communication patterns
circular questioning | "**e.g., "When mom is depressed, what does Dad do?"**
80
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy refers to a type of reframing of the family's perceived problem and involves changing the family's perception of a symptom from an individual family member's illness to, instead, a behavior involving the entire family system that's voluntarily controlled & well intentions
positive connotation
81
# **Milan Systemic Family Therapy** this milan systemic family therapy strategy refers to activities carried out by family members between sessions in an effort to alter problematic family games
family rituals ## Footnote **e.g., when parents are competitive in their control of children's behavior or family events, the therapist might instruct the mother to make all family decisions on odd-numbered days & the father to make decisions on even-numbered days**
82
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** 1. developed by who 2. theoretical influences 3. theoretical assumption(s) | aka the human validation process model
1. Satir 2. humanistic psychology & communication & experiential approaches 3. family systems **seek a state of balance** & family problems arise when balance is maintained by **unrealistic expectations**, **inappropriate rules and roles**, & **dysfunctional communication**
83
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** match the description with the correct dysfunctional communication styles according to Satir: placating, blaming, computing, distracting 1) taking an overly intellectual & rational (super-reasonable) approach to avoid becoming emotionally engaged with others 2) changing the subject & making inappropriate jokes to distract attention & avoid conflict 3) agreeing with or capitulating to others due to fear, dependency, & a desire to be loved & accepted 4) accusing, judging, and bullying others to avoid taking responsibility & to hide feelings of vulnerability & worthlessness
1. computing 2. distracting 3. placating 4. blaming
84
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** this communication style is characterized by a functional style, congruence between verbal & nonverbal messages, directness & authenticity, and emotional enagement with others
congruent (or leveling)
85
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** 1. primary goal(s) of therapy 2. interventions & techniques
1. to **enhance the growth potential** of family members by **increasing** their **self-esteem**, strengthening their **problem-solving skills**, & helping them **communicate congruently** 2. use of the **self**, family **sculpting**, & family **reconstruction**
86
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** according to Satir, this is the most important therapeutic tool
use of the self
87
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** list the 5 roles therapists have when working with clients according to Satir
* facilitator * mediator * advocate * educator * role model
88
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** this is a conjoint family therapy technique that involves having each family member take a turn positioning other family members in ways that depict their view of family relationships
family **sculpting**
89
# **Conjoint Family Therapy** this is a conjoint family therapy intervention that is a type of psychodrama and involves **role-playing** 3 generations of the family to **explore unresolved family issues** & events
family reconstruction
90
# **Narrative Family Therapy** 1. leading contributors 2. theoretical assumption(s)
1. White & Epston 2. assumptions: * people's problems are **externalized** & stem from the **oppresive, socially constructed stories** they develop & maintain "a person's problems as arising from, and being maintained by, oppressive socially constructed stories which dominate ther person's life... the person is NOT the problem; the problem is not internal to the person but is something that exists outside of the person"
91
# **Narrative Family Therapy** give an example of this approach's theoretical assumption that the problem - not the person - is the problem | re: depression
instead of saying that a family member is depressed, a narrative family therapist would say that **depression sometimes causes problems for the person**
92
# **Narrative Family Therapy** list the primary goal of narrative family therapy
to **replace problem-saturated stories** with alternative stories that support more satisfying & preferred outcomes
93
broad stages of the process of narrative family therapy
*vary somewhat among practitioners but generally involve the following:* * **meeting** family members * **listening** * **separating** family members **from problems** * **enacting** preferred narratives * **solidifying**
94
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves getting to know them separate from their problems and asking about their interests & everyday activities
meeting family members stage
95
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves paying attention to what family members say to identify dominant discourses & unique outcomes (aka "sparkling moments")
listening stage
96
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this term is associated with narrative family therapy and refers to experiences that are **not consistent** with problem-saturated stories
sparkling moments
97
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves externalizing the problems (e.g., the problem - NOT the person - is the problem)
**separating** family members from their problems stage
98
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves identifying alternative stories that lead to more satisfying realities & identities
**enacting** preferred narratives stage
99
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this stage of narrative family therapy involves **strengthening alternative stories** and involves ther therapist writing letters of support to family members and expanding the family's network of social relationships to include individuals who will support its new stories
solidifying stage
100
# **Narrative Family Therapy** 1. role of the therapist 2. interventions & techniques
1. collaborator 2. interventions & techniques: * externalizing & opening space **questions** * therapeutic **letters** * therapeutic **certificates** * definitional **ceremonies**
101
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is used to help clients view their problems as being outside themselves (e.g., "What does your anger tell you to do?")
externalizing questions
102
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is used to help family members identify unique outcomes (e.g., "Have there been times when conflicts didn't control your lives?")
opening space questions
103
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is used to reinforce family members' emerging alternative stories, highlight family's strengths, and summarize positive shifts
therapeutic letters
104
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention is given to family members toward the end of therapy to acknowledge their accomplishments
therapeutic certificates
105
# **Narrative Family Therapy** this narrative family therapy intervention provides family members with opportunities to **tell others** how they overcame their problems & **celebrate the changes** they've made in their lives
definitional ceremonies
106
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** 1. integrates principles of what other approaches 2. developed for what purpose
1. attachment theory, humanistic-experiential approaches, & systems theory 2. to help **emotionally distressed partners** who want to strengthen their relationship & stay together
107
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** when is EFT for couples contraindicated
* partners with different agendas for their relationship or for therapy * therapist believes that emotional vulnerability is not safe or advisable (e.g., when there is ongoing IPV in the relationship) * a partner has an untreated SUD
108
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** main difference between Emotionally-Focused Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy
emotion-focused therapy refers to **various therapies** that **emphasize emotion as the target of change**
109
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** 3 assumptions
1. **emotions are essential** to the organization of attachment behaviors **& influence perceptions** of self & partner (i.e., "how people experience themselves & their partners in intimate relationships") 2. the **attachment needs** of partners are essentially healthy & adaptive but problems stem from **attachment-related insecurities** 3. **relationship distress** is maintained by the ways in which interactions between partners are organized & by the **dominant emotional experiences** of each partner
110
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** a practicitioner of emotionally-focused therapy is likely to assume what is the fastest & most effective way to solve problems
helping partners **express and deal with their emotions**
111
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** primary goal(s) of therapy
* **expand & restructure emotional experiences** partners have with each other * develop **new interactional patterns** * experience **attachment security** within their relationship
112
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** 3 stages of therapy
1. **assessment** & cycle **de-escalation** 2. changing interactional positions & creating **new bonding events** 3. **consolidation** & **integration**
113
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** Shapiro (2001) first suggested the potential usefulness of combining EFT with *this therapeutic approach*. The effectiveness of this combined approach for couples who are affected by war trauma was later confirmed by Eberro & Sommers-Flanagan (2007).
EMDR
114
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** Knox's (2015) research on the effects of combining EMDR & EFT as a treatment for couples who are affected by war trauma found...
the **combined treatment was more effective** than EFT alone or EMDR alone for improving **marital satisfaction** and **attachment security** BUT - **EMDR alone** was most effective for reducing the symptoms of PTSD
115
# **Emotionally-Focused Therapy** Research conducted by Knox (2015) found these outcomes from using an EMDR only approach
greatest reduction in PTSD symptoms
116
# **Functional Family Therapy** **NEED TO EDIT - separate into multiple cards** 1. target population 2. integrates elements of what other family therapies 3. theoretical assumptions
1. at-risk adolescents (e.g., those who have conduct disorder and/or a SUD) & their families 2. structural, strategic, & behavioral family therapies 3. assumes **problematic behaviors** within a family serve important relationship functions - they **regulate interpersonal connections & relational hierarchies**
117
# **Functional Family Therapy** list the primary goal(s) of functional family therapy
to **replace problematic behaviors with nonproblematic behaviors** that fulfill the same relationship functions
118
# **Functional Family Therapy** list the 3 stages of functional family therapy
1) Engagement & Motivation Stage 2) Behavior Change Stage 3) Generalization Stage
119
# **Functional Family Therapy** typical number of sessions & length of time
* 8 to 30 sessions * 3- to 6-months
120
# **Functional Family Therapy** this stage of functional family therapy involves forming a therapeutic alliance, reducing feelings of hopelessness & negativity, increasing positive expectations for change, and developing a family-focused understanding of its presenting problems and consists of joining & reframing interventions
Engagement & Motivation Stage
121
# **Functional Family Therapy** this stage of functional family therapy involves idenfitiying immediate & long-term behavioral goals; implementing an individualized treatment plan for the family and consists of interventions that include parenting, communication, problem-solving, and coping skills training
Behavior Change Stage
122
# **Functional Family Therapy** this stage of functional family therapy involves maintaining behavior change & generalizing acquired skills to new problems & situations and consists of techniques such as linking family members to community resources and identifying ways to avoid relapse
Generalization Stage
123
# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. target population(s) 2. theoretical foundation
1. adolescent offenders at risk for out-of-home placement & their families ***and*** adolescents with other serious clinical problems (e.g., psychiatric disturbances, substance abuse, & childhood maltreatment) 2. Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model
124
# **Multisystemic Therapy** Bronfenbrenner's view of individuals
individuals as being **embedded in and influenced** directly & indirectly by multiple systems
125
# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. focus 2. the 9 treatment principles
1. the specific **individual, family, peer, school, & social network variables** that contribute to the presenting problem & **the interactions** between these contributing factors 2. the **9 treatment principles** include the following: * **finding the fit** between identified problems & their broader systemic context * focusing on **positives & strengths** * increasing **responsibility** * being present-focused, action-oriented, and well-defined * targeting **behavior sequences** * using developmentally appropriate **interventions** * encouraging **continuous effort** * stressing **evaluation & accountability** * promoting **generalization**
126
# **Multisystemic Therapy** The MST model includes 9 treatment principles that are applied using an ____ process called _____.
* analytic * "MST Do-Loop"
127
# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. MST is provided in these 2 settings 2. interventions are derived from these approaches 3. targets factors that are...
1. family's **home & community** settings where problems occur 2. strategic & structural family therapy, behavior therapy, & CBT 3. ...driving **problem behaviors**
128
# **Multisystemic Therapy** MST is delivered by ____ and is tailored the adolescent's and family's ____.
* a multidisciplinary team * target behaviors
129
# **Multisystemic Therapy** list the likely members of an MST treatment team for an adolescent with academic & conduct problems, frequent use of marijuana & cocaine, and a recent arrest for cocaine possession
* caseworker * family therapist * substance abuse counselor * individuals who work with the adolescent in their school & neighborhood
130
# **Multisystemic Therapy** 1. When MST is not implemented as intended, effectiveness is low. Thus, this system is used to promote treatment fidelity, which includes these 4 components
1. a quality assurance system * initial & booster **training** of therapists * ongoing **supervision & consultation** * measures that **evaluate** the adherence of the therapist, supervisor, & consultants to the MST model * a **program implementation review**, completed every 6 months by the supervisor & an expert consultant
131
# **Group Therapy** list the formative stages of group therapy according to Yalom & Leszcz (2005)
*stages typically overlap* 1. initial **orientation**, hesitant **participation**, **search** for meaning, & **dependency** stage 2. **conflict**, dominance, & rebellion stage 3. development of **cohesiveness** stage
132
# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, during this stage of group therapy group members are usually concerned with **clarifying the nature & purpose** of group and **dependant on the leader** for structure, acceptance, & answers to their questions
initial orientation, hesitant participation, search for mening, & dependency stage
133
# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, interactions during this stage of group therapy involve describing symptoms, previous treatments, & giving and seeking advice
initial **orientation**, hesitant **participation**, **search** for meaning, & **dependency** stage
134
# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, characteristics of this stage of group therapy group members usually **compete for power** & control, attempt to establish a pecking order, and tend to be **critical of each other**
conflict, dominance, & rebellion stage ## Footnote *some group members may become hostile & resentful toward the therapist as they become aware that they're not going to become the therapist's **favorite child***
135
# **Group Therapy** according to Yalom, characteristics of this stage of group therapy group members begin to trust each other & the therapist, may reveal the real reason they've come to group, and may show concern when a member is absent or drops out of therapy
development of cohesiveness stage
136
# **Group Therapy** what does the development of cohesiveness among group members indicate
the beginning of a **mature group** that can **deal effectively** with the concerns & problems of group members
137
# **Group Therapy** list the 11 therapeutic factors
1. group **cohesiveness** 2. instillation of **hope** 3. **universality** 4. **altruism** 5. imparting **information** 6. development of **socializing** techniques 7. **corrective recapitulation** of the primary family group 8. **interpersonal learning** 9. imitative **behavior** 10. **catharsis** 11. **existential** factors
138
# **Group Therapy** this group therapeutic factor is considered analogous with the therapeutic alliance in individual therapy, is viewed as a precondition for the other therapeutic factors, and has most consistently been found to be a strong predictor of positive group therapy outcomes
group cohesiveness