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History > Fascist Italy edexcel history alevel 1911-1919 > Flashcards

Fascist Italy edexcel history alevel 1911-1919 Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

What year did Italy enter World War I?

A

1915

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2
Q

Who was the leader of the Fascist Party in Italy?

A

Benito Mussolini

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3
Q

True or False: Italy was part of the Triple Alliance before World War I.

A

True

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4
Q

What was the primary reason for Italy’s entry into World War I?

A

To gain territory and expand its influence.

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: The Treaty of _______ was signed in 1919, officially ending World War I.

A

Versailles

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6
Q

What was the name of the Italian nationalist movement that sought to expand Italy’s borders?

A

Irredentism

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7
Q

Which territories did Italy aim to acquire after World War I?

A

South Tyrol, Trentino, Istria, and Dalmatia

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8
Q

What was the name of the political movement that Mussolini founded in 1919?

A

Fascism

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9
Q

True or False: The Fascist Party was initially a small and marginal group in Italy.

A

True

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10
Q

What did the Fascists use to gain support from veterans after World War I?

A

Nationalism and promises of restoring Italy’s greatness.

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11
Q

What was the ‘March on Rome’?

A

A mass demonstration in 1922 that led to Mussolini’s rise to power.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The Fascist Party’s paramilitary wing was known as the _______.

A

Blackshirts

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13
Q

What economic issues did Italy face after World War I?

A

Inflation, unemployment, and social unrest.

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14
Q

What was the significance of the 1919 elections for the Fascist Party?

A

They gained a significant number of seats but did not achieve a majority.

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15
Q

Who were the ‘Arditi’?

A

Elite Italian storm troops who supported nationalist causes.

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16
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Saint-Germain on Italy?

A

It confirmed territorial gains but left many nationalists dissatisfied.

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17
Q

True or False: The Fascist Party initially promoted socialist ideas.

A

True

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18
Q

What event in 1917 significantly impacted Italy’s military position in World War I?

A

The Battle of Caporetto

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19
Q

What did Mussolini promise to the Italian people during his rise to power?

A

Restoration of national pride and economic stability.

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20
Q

What was the D’Annunzio’s Fiume incident?

A

A nationalist occupation of the city of Fiume in 1919.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The Fascist symbol, the ________, represented strength and unity.

A

fasces

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22
Q

What was the primary goal of the Fascist movement during its early years?

A

To create a totalitarian state.

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23
Q

True or False: The Fascist movement was initially supported by the Italian monarchy.

A

True

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24
Q

What economic policy did Mussolini advocate for in the early years of Fascism?

A

State intervention in the economy.

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25
What was the relationship between the Fascists and the Italian military during the early 1920s?
The Fascists sought military support to legitimize their power.
26
What role did propaganda play in the rise of Fascism?
It was used to promote Fascist ideology and glorify Mussolini.
27
In what year did Mussolini become Prime Minister of Italy?
1922
28
Fill in the blank: The _______ of 1918 led to significant political instability in Italy.
Italian elections
29
What was the 'Biennio Rosso'?
A period of intense social conflict and strikes in Italy from 1919 to 1920.
30
True or False: Mussolini was initially a member of the Socialist Party.
True
31
What was the main reason for the decline of socialist influence in Italy post-World War I?
The rise of Fascism and the fear of communism.
32
What was the impact of the economic crisis on the rise of Fascism?
It created disillusionment with the existing political parties and increased support for Fascism.
33
What was the role of veterans in the Fascist movement?
They formed a significant base of support due to their grievances after the war.
34
Fill in the blank: The _______ was a significant political event in 1919 that reflected the rise of radical politics in Italy.
Biennio Rosso
35
What was Mussolini's stance on the League of Nations?
He was initially skeptical and critical of it.
36
What ideology did Fascism oppose?
Communism and liberal democracy.
37
True or False: Mussolini's Fascism was heavily influenced by German Nazism.
False, it developed independently.
38
What was the significance of the 1921 elections for the Fascist Party?
They won 35 seats, marking a step towards political legitimacy.
39
What was the primary economic challenge facing Italy in the years after World War I?
High inflation and unemployment.
40
Fill in the blank: The Fascist Party's rise was aided by the _______ of 1919.
social unrest
41
What event marked the beginning of Mussolini's consolidation of power?
The March on Rome in 1922.
42
What was the impact of the Russian Revolution on Italy?
It heightened fears of communism and radicalism.
43
Who were the primary opponents of the Fascist Party during its rise?
Socialists, Communists, and anarchists.
44
What was the result of the 1919 Italian elections?
No party achieved a majority, leading to political instability.
45
What did the Fascists promise to do about the economic situation in Italy?
They promised to restore order and revive the economy.
46
Fill in the blank: The _______ was a key symbol of Fascist power and authority.
state
47
What was the main focus of Mussolini's early foreign policy?
Expansionism and reviving the Roman Empire.
48
True or False: Mussolini initially supported the Allies during World War I.
True
49
What was the name of the paramilitary group that attacked socialist rallies?
Blackshirts
50
What ideology emphasized the importance of the state over the individual in Fascist thought?
Corporatism
51
Fill in the blank: The _______ was a major turning point for Mussolini's image as a leader.
March on Rome
52
What role did the Italian monarchy play in Mussolini's rise to power?
They appointed him Prime Minister to maintain stability.
53
What was the primary goal of the Fascist Party in the early 1920s?
To establish a totalitarian regime.
54
True or False: Mussolini was able to maintain power without the support of the military.
False
55
What was the significance of the 1921 Pact of Pacification?
It aimed to reduce violence between Fascists and Socialists.
56
What was the main outcome of the 1920-1921 strikes in Italy?
They contributed to the rise of Fascism as a response to social unrest.
57
Fill in the blank: The Fascists promised to restore _______ to Italy.
national pride
58
What was the impact of the 1922 March on Rome?
It led to Mussolini being appointed as Prime Minister.
59
Who were the main supporters of the Fascist movement?
Nationalists, veterans, and middle-class citizens.
60
What was one of the key tactics used by the Fascists to gain power?
Violence and intimidation against political opponents.
61
True or False: The Fascist Party was initially successful in the 1919 elections.
False
62
What was Mussolini's view on democracy?
He believed it was ineffective and sought a dictatorship.
63
Fill in the blank: The _______ of 1919 was characterized by extreme political violence.
Biennio Rosso
64
What did the Fascists promise regarding land and property?
To support landowners and promote agrarian interests.
65
What was the primary social issue in Italy after World War I?
Class conflict and labor unrest.
66
What was the outcome of the Battle of Caporetto for Italy?
A significant defeat that led to a crisis in morale and government.
67
Fill in the blank: The Fascists utilized _______ to spread their message and gain support.
mass media
68
What was Mussolini's approach to foreign policy in the 1920s?
Aggressive expansionism.
69
True or False: Mussolini aimed to create a socialist state.
False
70
What was the significance of the 1921 elections for the Fascist Party?
They gained more legitimacy and parliamentary seats.
71
What was the primary political challenge facing Italy in 1919?
Political fragmentation and instability.
72
Fill in the blank: Mussolini's Fascism was characterized by _______ and nationalism.
totalitarianism
73
What did the Fascists promise to restore in Italy?
Order and national pride.
74
True or False: The Fascist Party was formed in response to the post-war chaos.
True
75
What was the political climate in Italy after World War I?
Highly unstable with frequent protests and strikes.
76
Fill in the blank: Mussolini's rise to power was marked by the use of _______ against opponents.
violence
77
What was the primary demographic that supported Fascism?
The middle class and veterans.
78
What was a key feature of Fascist ideology?
The glorification of the state.
79
True or False: Mussolini was initially opposed to imperialism.
False
80
What was the impact of the social unrest on the political landscape in Italy?
It paved the way for the rise of authoritarian movements like Fascism.
81
What did Mussolini promise to do for the economy?
Revive it through state intervention.
82
What year did Italy invade Libya, marking its first major imperial venture?
1911
83
True or False: The Treaty of London was signed in 1915, which promised Italy territorial gains in exchange for joining the Allies during World War I.
True
84
Fill in the blank: The __________ was a nationalistic movement that emerged in Italy during the early 20th century, leading to the rise of fascism.
Italian Nationalist Movement
85
What significant event occurred in Italy in 1919 that indicated the rise of fascist sentiments?
The establishment of the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento.
86
Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a result of Italy's participation in World War I?
Increased social unrest and the rise of radical political movements.
87
What was the impact of the economic situation in Italy post-World War I on the rise of fascism?
Economic turmoil and dissatisfaction contributed to the appeal of fascism.
88
What year did the Italian Socialist Party hold a major national strike, reflecting growing labor unrest?
1914
89
True or False: The D'Annunzio occupation of Fiume in 1919 was a key event that inspired Mussolini's fascist movement.
True
90
What was the primary goal of the Fasci di Combattimento when it was formed in 1919?
To promote nationalism and militarism in Italy.
91
Fill in the blank: The __________ was a significant economic crisis that occurred in Italy after World War I, leading to widespread discontent.
Post-war economic crisis
92
What date did Italy declare war on the Ottoman Empire during the Italo-Turkish War?
September 29, 1911
93
On what date did Italy officially annex Libya?
October 18, 1912
94
True or False: The Treaty of London was signed on April 26, 1915.
True
95
What date marks the beginning of Italy's involvement in World War I?
May 24, 1915
96
Fill in the blank: The Battle of Caporetto, a significant defeat for Italy, took place on __________.
October 24, 1917
97
On what date did Italy officially sign the Armistice of Villa Giusti, ending hostilities with Austria-Hungary?
November 3, 1918
98
What date did the Paris Peace Conference begin, which involved negotiations for the post-war order?
January 18, 1919
99
True or False: The Treaty of Saint-Germain was signed on September 10, 1919.
True
100
What date marks the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat, the precursor to the Fascist Party?
March 23, 1919
101
On what date was the Fascist Party officially founded in Italy?
November 9, 1921

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