Feline Viral Diseases Flashcards
(51 cards)
Test for making a dx
Histopathology
IHC- specific Ag
ELISA - AG
PCR
Screening test for infection
Serology
ELISA-Ag
PCR
Certification that an animal is free of infection
Serology
PCR
2 primary methods for dx infectious diseases
Detection of organism (cx, cytology, fecal, PCR, immunologic techniques)
Detection of Ab against organism
Reasons for false positive PCR
Sample contamination during collection and analysis
Cross reaction without other organisms
Lack of lab quality control
Immunization of suspected Ag
Reasons for false negative PCR
Inappropriate handling during collection or transport
Abx therapy prior to sample collection
Early dz v late dz
Most common detection method
Detects Ab:
Indicated exposure, not necessarily active infection
Immune ystem needs time to develop Abs
Abs come too late to be of clinical value
Method of action for Ab detection
IgM ( 1st Ab produced after exposure) → IgG (days to weeks
Reasons for positive Ab test
Previous exposure to pathogen or immunization against a pathogen
Cross reaction with other organism
Technical error
Reasons for negative Ab test
No exposure to the organism of interest
Too early in the course of infection
Severe immunosuppression
Poor sensitivity (prone to false negatives)
Ab detection characteristics
Large pops of animals may have Abs to infectious agents but dz may not occur
Vx induce Abs
Magnitude of tier doesn’t = magnitude of dz
Feline Coronavirus
Large, enveloped, single stranded RNA
Serotypes 1 and 2
Enteric Dz (FECV)
Kittens, mild self-limiting diarrhea
Benign, virus replicating in enterocytes
Feline Infectious peritonitis (FIP)
Fatal and progressive, systemic
Most common deaths from infectious
Pathogenesis of Feline corona virus
Internal mutation theory: 2 distinct circulating strains (virulent and avirulent)
Immune Dysregulation
Internal Mutation Theory
Initial infection: low pathogenicity
Mutation and multiply in macrophage: spike protein gene and pyogranulomatous infection
Immune dysregulation
Depletion of CD4 and CD8 cells
Production of TNF alpha, GM-CSF and G-CSF
Hypergammaglobulinemia
Impaired IFN alpha production
FIP dry form
Granulomatous infection of LN, kidneys, eyes, brain, liver and lung
Ileocolic junction
Wet form of FIP
No immune response (seen the most)
Pleural/ abdominal effusion (↑ protein and low cells)
↑ vascular permeability
Pyogranulomatous
Coronavirus signalment
Young <2y or old >10y
Abyssinians, bengals, burmese, ragdolls, rexs
Multiple cat housing
Coronavirus transmission
Oronasal infection
Shed from 1 w, chr. carriers
CS of coronavirus
Leth. and inappetence with fluctuating fever
10% effusions and 10% neuro signs
Coronavirus lab tests
Eosinopenia and lymphopenia
Hyperproteinemia (↓ albumin and ↑ globulins)
Rads, effusions, rivalta test (glob formed)
Coronavirus effusions
High protein >3.5 g/DL
Low cells <5,000
