Female Pelvis 1

Question 1

both sexes have

Answer 1

mesonephric (wolfian) and paramesonephric (mullerian) ducts

Question 2

what determines is fetus is male

Answer 2

testosterone and MIS

Question 3

if there is no testosterone:

Answer 3

mesonephric duct regresses and mullerian duct develops into female organs

Question 4

Paramesonephric ducts develop into

Answer 4

Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Upper vagina

Question 5

lower vagina develops from the

Answer 5

urogenital sinus

Question 6

functions of ovaries

Answer 6

Gonads – contain egg cells (oocytes)

Endocrine glands - produce hormones

Question 7

how many oocytes at birth

Answer 7

1 million

Question 8

how many oocytes at menarche

Answer 8

half million

Question 9

3 main reasons to examine neonate pelvis

Answer 9

Pelvic/Abdominal mass
Ambiguous genitalia
Prenatally detected abdominal/pelvic cyst

Question 10

young girls reason to examine pelvis

Answer 10

Vaginal bleeding/discharge

Pelvic pain or mass

Question 11

ovarian volumes of neonate- 6 yo, 6-11yo, and after puberty

Answer 11

neonate- 6 yo: 1ml
6-11yo: 2.5 ml
after puberty : 10 mL

Question 12

ovaries and uterus get smaller after birth ? T/F

Answer 12

true Ovaries and uterus are larger in a newborn compared to 1-2 yrs old girls

Question 13

size of follicles in neonate

Answer 13

> 9mm

Question 14

shape of uterus at neonate, prepubertal and pubertal stage

Answer 14

neonate: spade
Prepubertal: tube
Pubertal: Pear

Question 15

what is uterine malformation

Answer 15

abnormal development of the female genital tract

Question 16

origin of uterine malformations is a t

Answer 16

mullerian duct

Question 17

uterine malformations associated with

Answer 17

renal and skeletal malformations

Question 18

3 main categories of uterine malformations

Answer 18

arrested development of mullerian ducts
failure of fusion
failure of resorption of median septum

Question 19

what do bilateral and unilateral arrested development lead to

Answer 19

bilateral: uterine agenesis/ hypoplasis
Unilateral: unicorn unicollis

Question 20

bilateral arrested development also called

Answer 20

mayer-rokitansky-kruster-hauser syndrome

Question 21

what is seen with unicornis unicollis

Answer 21

rudimentary horn

Question 22

result of complete and incomplete failure of fusion

Answer 22

complete: didelphys
incomplete: Uterus bicornis bicollis, Uterus bicornis unicollis, Uterus arcuatus

Question 23

is failure of fusion associated with vaginal septa

Answer 23

yes 25% of the time

Question 24

result of complete and incomplete failure of reabsorption

Answer 24

complete: uterus septus
incomplete: uterus subseptus

Question 25

most common malformation of uterus

Answer 25

failure of reabsorption

Question 26

best view of uterine malformations

Answer 26

transverse

Question 27

3 reasons for genital tract obstruction

Answer 27

imperforate hymen transverse vaginal septum vaginal atresia or stenosis (these are all congenital most of the time)

Question 28

what is hydrocolpos

Answer 28

premenstrual vaginal secretions trapped

Question 29

clinical presentation of genital tract obstruction in neonates

Answer 29

abdo mass `

Question 30

clinical presentation of genital tract obstruction afterpuberty

Answer 30

amenorrhea and cyclical pain

Question 31

what is important when looking at neonatal cystic pelvis mass `

Answer 31

surface of the cystic mass must be examined to determine if there is any uterine musculature and that it is separate from the bladder

Question 32

what age must paediatric pregnancy be considered if there is a pelvic mass

Answer 32

9 yo

Question 33

definition of ambiguous genitalia

Answer 33

If a child born with a micropenis with no palpable gonads or only one palpable gonad

Question 34

what is pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 34

Infection of the upper genital tract usually caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia

Question 35

who is at highest risk of PID

Answer 35

sexually active adolescent females

Question 36

PID can result in

Answer 36

chronic pelvis pain ectopic pregnancy infertility

Question 37

acute PID generally causes

Answer 37

endometritis can ascend more and cause pyosaphinx and hydrosalpinx

Question 38

PID U/S appearance

Answer 38

enlarged ovaries with tubo-ovarian complex | the tubo-ovarian complex will become access

Question 39

2 complications of PID

Answer 39

gonococcal or chlamydial perihepatitis