Femoral Triangle, Femoral Sheath and Adductor Canal

Question 1

What is the femoral triangle?

Answer 1

The femoral triangle is an anatomical region in the upper thigh that serves as a passageway for major neurovascular structures.

Question 2

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

Answer 2

The femoral triangle is bounded by the inguinal ligament (superior), sartorius (lateral), and adductor longus (medial).

Question 3

What forms the superior boundary of the femoral triangle?

Answer 3

The inguinal ligament forms the superior boundary of the femoral triangle.

Question 4

What forms the medial boundary of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

The medial boundary of the femoral triangle is formed by the adductor longus muscle.

Question 5

What forms the lateral boundary of the femoral triangle?

Answer 5

The lateral boundary of the femoral triangle is formed by the sartorius muscle.

Question 6

What forms the floor of the femoral triangle?

Answer 6

The floor of the femoral triangle is formed by the iliopsoas, pectineus, and adductor longus muscles.

Question 7

What forms the roof of the femoral triangle?

Answer 7

The roof of the femoral triangle consists of the fascia lata and cribriform fascia.

Question 8

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

Answer 8

The femoral triangle contains the femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, and deep inguinal lymph nodes.

Question 9

What is the clinical significance of the femoral triangle?

Answer 9

The femoral triangle is clinically significant for vascular access, nerve blocks, and detection of femoral hernias.

Question 10

What is the femoral sheath?

Answer 10

The femoral sheath is a fascial compartment enclosing the femoral artery, vein, and canal.

Question 11

What are the compartments of the femoral sheath?

Answer 11

The femoral sheath has three compartments: lateral (femoral artery), intermediate (femoral vein), and medial (femoral canal).

Question 12

What structures are enclosed within the femoral sheath?

Answer 12

The femoral sheath encloses the femoral artery, femoral vein, and femoral canal but not the femoral nerve.

Question 13

What is the significance of the femoral canal?

Answer 13

The femoral canal allows venous expansion and serves as a passage for lymphatic drainage.

Question 14

What is the clinical relevance of the femoral ring?

Answer 14

The femoral ring is the entrance to the femoral canal and is a common site for femoral hernias.

Question 15

What is a femoral hernia?

Answer 15

A femoral hernia occurs when abdominal contents protrude through the femoral ring into the femoral canal.

Question 16

How does a femoral hernia differ from an inguinal hernia?

Answer 16

A femoral hernia occurs below the inguinal ligament, while an inguinal hernia occurs above it.

Question 17

What is the function of the femoral artery?

Answer 17

The femoral artery supplies oxygenated blood to the lower limb.

Question 18

What is the course of the femoral artery within the femoral triangle?

Answer 18

The femoral artery enters the femoral triangle under the inguinal ligament and courses towards the adductor canal.

Question 19

What are the branches of the femoral artery within the femoral triangle?

Answer 19

The branches of the femoral artery in the femoral triangle include the deep femoral artery, superficial epigastric artery, and superficial circumflex iliac artery.

Question 20

What is the function of the femoral vein?

Answer 20

The femoral vein drains deoxygenated blood from the lower limb.

Question 21

How does the femoral vein relate to the femoral artery within the femoral triangle?

Answer 21

The femoral vein lies medial to the femoral artery within the femoral sheath.

Question 22

What is the function of the femoral nerve?

Answer 22

The femoral nerve provides motor and sensory innervation to the anterior thigh and medial leg.

Question 23

What is the anatomical position of the femoral nerve in the femoral triangle?

Answer 23

The femoral nerve lies outside the femoral sheath, lateral to the femoral artery.

Question 24

What structures pass through the adductor canal?

Answer 24

The adductor canal transmits the femoral artery, femoral vein, and saphenous nerve.

Question 25

What is the adductor canal?

Answer 25

The adductor canal is a tunnel in the middle third of the thigh that transmits neurovascular structures to the popliteal fossa.

Question 26

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

Answer 26

The adductor canal is bounded by the vastus medialis (anterior), adductor longus and magnus (posterior), and sartorius (medial).

Question 27

What forms the anterior wall of the adductor canal?

Answer 27

The anterior wall of the adductor canal is formed by the vastus medialis muscle.

Question 28

What forms the posterior wall of the adductor canal?

Answer 28

The posterior wall of the adductor canal is formed by the adductor longus and adductor magnus muscles.

Question 29

What forms the medial wall of the adductor canal?

Answer 29

The medial wall of the adductor canal is formed by the sartorius muscle.

Question 30

What are the contents of the adductor canal?

Answer 30

The adductor canal contains the femoral artery, femoral vein, and saphenous nerve.

Question 31

What is the clinical significance of the adductor canal?

Answer 31

The adductor canal allows neurovascular structures to pass from the femoral triangle to the popliteal fossa.

Question 32

What happens to the femoral artery after it exits the adductor canal?

Answer 32

After exiting the adductor canal, the femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery.

Question 33

What is the adductor hiatus, and where is it located?

Answer 33

The adductor hiatus is an opening in the adductor magnus muscle through which the femoral artery passes into the popliteal fossa.

Question 34

How does the femoral artery transition into the popliteal artery?

Answer 34

The femoral artery transitions into the popliteal artery as it passes through the adductor hiatus.

Question 35

What nerves are present in the femoral triangle?

Answer 35

The femoral triangle contains the femoral nerve and its branches.

Question 36

What is the saphenous nerve, and where does it run?

Answer 36

The saphenous nerve is a sensory branch of the femoral nerve that runs alongside the femoral artery and vein.

Question 37

What is the role of the saphenous nerve in sensory innervation?

Answer 37

The saphenous nerve provides sensory innervation to the medial leg and foot.

Question 38

What is the relationship of the femoral triangle to the inguinal ligament?

Answer 38

The inguinal ligament forms the superior boundary of the femoral triangle and marks the transition between the pelvis and thigh.

Question 39

What is the significance of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 39

The deep femoral artery (profunda femoris) is the major blood supply to the thigh.

Question 40

What is the course of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 40

The deep femoral artery arises from the femoral artery and courses deep to the adductor muscles.

Question 41

What are the major branches of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 41

The major branches of the deep femoral artery include the perforating branches, medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries.

Question 42

How does the deep femoral vein relate to the femoral vein?

Answer 42

The deep femoral vein runs alongside the deep femoral artery and drains into the femoral vein.

Question 43

What is the function of the profunda femoris vein?

Answer 43

The profunda femoris vein assists in venous return from the thigh.

Question 44

What is the relationship between the femoral nerve and the femoral sheath?

Answer 44

The femoral nerve lies outside the femoral sheath, lateral to the femoral artery.

Question 45

What is the role of the vastoadductor membrane in the adductor canal?

Answer 45

The vastoadductor membrane covers the adductor canal.

Question 46

What is the significance of the subsartorial plexus in the adductor canal?

Answer 46

The subsartorial plexus provides sensory innervation to the adductor canal.

Question 47

What are the major clinical conditions associated with the femoral triangle?

Answer 47

Clinical conditions associated with the femoral triangle include femoral hernias and vascular injuries.

Question 48

What is the anatomical significance of the femoral pulse?

Answer 48

The femoral pulse is palpable in the femoral triangle and used for clinical assessments.

Question 49

How does the femoral artery contribute to lower limb circulation?

Answer 49

The femoral artery is a major blood supplier to the lower limb.

Question 50

What is the relationship of the femoral triangle to vascular access procedures?

Answer 50

The femoral triangle is used for vascular access in catheterization and emergency procedures.