Fertilization and Pregnancy Flashcards
(28 cards)
Through intercourse – ___________ million sperm enter the
vagina
15-200 million
Movement of sperm is mainly facilitated by
cervical mucus and movement of fimbriae and cilia
when can the sperm and egg meet after intercourse?
anywhere from minutes to days
About _______ sperm get to egg
100
fertilization takes place in the _____
fellopian tube
Capacitation
1st stage of fertilization
removal of sperm’s acrosomal coat (done
by secretions from uterus)
acrosomal
2nd stage of fertilization
reaction – enter the egg
Fertilization
3rd stage of fertilization
egg membrane engulfs sperm
Zona
4th stage of fertilization
reaction – surface of egg changes to
prevent entrance of other sperm
how much time needs to pass of trying to concieve before considere infertile?
under 35 - 1 year
pver 35 - 6 months
IVF
reaction – surface of egg changes to
prevent entrance of other sperm
Involves egg retrieval (often after cultivation),
sperm retrieval, preparation, incubation, and
embryo transfer
During Invitro _____analogs indirectly increas _____
GnRH
FSH/LH
during IVF Mature eggs are harvested from the ______
oviducts
HCG
helps prime uterine cavity for
developing
ART side effects
Side effects: • Cost • Time
• Abdominal pain
• Breast tenderness
• Mood swings
• Risks of
bleeding/infection
• Increased risk of
multiple
pregnancies
• Similar rates of
miscarriage
ART advantages
Offer reproduction for those:
With anatomical differences
With hormonal differences
Who want to have a child by
themselves
Who want to delay conception until
older
Who are not in penis-uterus
partnerships
science definition of pregnancy
- begins with implantation (about a week
after fertilization)
Between _____of all fertilized eggs never fully implant
1/3 to 1⁄2
Cells that will turn into placenta secrete
gonadotropin (HCG)
HCG can be measured in blood __ week after implantation, in
urine ____ weeks later
1 week
2 weeks
Ectopic pregnancy
implanted outside of uterus
no way for it to be viable
ectopic pregnancy is diagnosed with ______
blood test (hCG) and ultrasound
