Fetal Pig Physiology Flashcards by Trisidy Fowler

Site of absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream; also plays a major role in breaking down food

small intestine

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Front teeth; bite into food

incisors

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Directional term that means to the side

lateral

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Chemically digests food with gastric fluid; mechanically digests food by churning

stomach

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Narrow tube that carries urine from the bladder and out of the body

urethra

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Body cavity that includes the intestines, stomach, spleen, gallbladder, and more!

abdominal cavity

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Epithelial tissue membrane in the abdominal and thoracic cavities that holds the organs in place and secretes a lubricating fluid so that the organs can move without friction

mesentery

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Pigs have more than humans! Approximately 19,000 in pigs and only 9,000 in humans. Found all over the tongue.

taste buds

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Sharp teeth; grip and tear food

canines

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Creates enzymes that aid digestion and are passed into the small intestine

pancreas

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Sweat glands; not enough present in a pig to adequately cool the body

sudoriferous glands

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Flap above the glottis/trachea that covers the airway while swallowing food/water

epiglottis

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Chamber of the heart that pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

right ventricle

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Line the small intestine, increasing its surface area so that more absorption can occur

villi

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Projection of the right atrium that increases its capacity

right auricle

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Two tubes that the trachea splits into; the right one goes to the right lung and the left one goes to the left lung

bronchi

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Found posterior to the umbilical cord in male pigs; found near the anus in female pigs

urogenital opening

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Endocrine gland that shrinks rapidly as you age

thymus

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Strong cartilage tube that passes air to and from the lungs

trachea

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Endocrine gland that creates hormones that regulate metabolism

thyroid gland

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Directional term that means in front (towards the head of the pig)

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Creates insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar

pancreas

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Behind the hard palate; has only muscle and soft tissue behind it

soft palate

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Breaks down toxins in our blood and produces bile (which helps to break down fats)

liver

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Breaks down toxins in our blood and produces bile (which helps to break down fats)

liver

Ears of the fetal pig

pinnae

Folds inside the stomach that increase the surface area, allowing it to stretch

rugae

Stores feces until defecation, where it passes it through the anus

rectum

The part of the hair embedded and anchored in the follicle (skin)

hair root

Meshy substance that attaches the abdominal organs to the dorsal wall of the abdomen

peritoneum

Sac that contains the testes

scrotum

Remove clean blood from the kidneys

renal vein

Collects urine inside each kidney and dumps it into the ureter

renal pelvis

Body cavity that includes the brain

cranial cavity

Blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

coronary artery

Directional term that means behind

posterior

Chamber of the heart that receives freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs

left atrium

Membrane around the heart that is filled with fluid to reduce friction as the heart beats

pericardium

Gland found above each kidney

adrenal gland

Tiny tubes that branch through each lung

bronchioles

Site of breathing; divided into lobes

lungs

Millions of tiny air sacs inside each lung; where gases pass between the lungs and bloodstream

alveoli

Muscular tube that pushes food from the mouth to the stomach

esophagus

Muscular pump that forces blood through the veins and arteries

heart

Body cavity that includes the heart, lungs, trachea, thymus, and thyroid gland

thoracic cavity

Contracts to cause inhalation; relaxes to cause exhalation

diaphragm

Inner layer of the kidney

renal medulla

Round muscle that controls when food empties from the stomach to the small intestine

pyloric sphincter

Nipples; present in both male and female pigs

teats

Also known as the colon

large intestine

Deliver blood between the mother pig and fetus, providing the fetus with oxygen and nutrients

umbilical arteries and veins

Stores bile and passes it to the small intestine

gallbladder

Narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

ureters

Directional term that means along the back

dorsal

Has 4 distinct chambers

heart

Passes oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body

aorta

The visible part of the hair that sticks out from the skin

hair shaft

Stores urine until urination can occur

urinary bladder

Creates hormones that fuel the production and maturation of T cells

thymus gland

Directional term that means toward the midline (ex. Umbilical cord)

medial

Chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body; passes it to the right ventricle

right atrium

Produce adrenaline, cortisol, and other hormones

adrenal glands

Removes old, damaged red blood cells from the bloodstream

spleen

Endocrine gland that trains and matures T cells

thymus gland

Muscular sheet that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities

diaphragm

Tunnel shaped structure in the epidermis that the hair grows from

hair follicle

Also known as the voice box; holds the vocal cords

larynx

Tissue that connects muscles to bones

tendon

Smooth muscle pouch that comes after the esophagus in the GI tract

stomach

Passes deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

pulmonary artery

Projection of the left atrium that increases its capacity

left auricle

Opening to the outside world from the urinary and reproductive systems

urogenital opening

Filter blood by removing waste and excess water, creating urine

kidneys

The hard part on the roof of the mouth; has bone behind it

hard palate

Organ near the stomach that is part of the immune system

spleen

Outer layer of the kidney

renal cortex

Contract and relax to cause movement throughout the body

muscles

Deliver blood that needs to be cleaned to the kidneys

renal arteries

Back teeth; grind up food

molars

Part of both the digestive and endocrine system

pancreas

One end attached to the fetal pig, the other end attached to the placenta

umbilical cord

The largest organ in the abdominal cavity

liver

Comes after the small intestine in the gastrointestinal tract

large intestine

Directional term that means along the belly

ventral

Produces additional white blood cells during an infection

spleen

Full of healthy bacteria that aid digestion; absorbs water from digested food

large intestine

Chamber of the heart that pumps freshly oxygenated blood to the body

left ventricle

Fetal Pig Physiology Flashcards

(87 cards)