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respiration system Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

What is pulmonary ventilation also known as?

A

breathing

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2
Q

What are the steps of respiration?

A

pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, internal respiration, and transport of oxygen and CO2

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3
Q

When we complete inspiration what happens?

A

air moves into the lungs

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4
Q

Where does external respiration occur?

A

lungs

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5
Q

What happens during external respiration?

A

oxygen diffuses out of the lungs into the blood, CO2 diffused into the lungs

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6
Q

What happens during internal respiration?

A

oxygen diffused into the cell tissue, CO2 diffused out of the tissue

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7
Q

Which system helps the respiratory system to transport oxygen?

A

cardiovascular system

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8
Q

Which order does the process of cellular respiration occur in?

A

pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport oxygen and CO2, internal respiration

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9
Q

Where does internal respiration occur?

A

cell tissue

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10
Q

Immediately after the bronchi

A

bronchioles

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11
Q

Immediately after the epiglottis

A

larynx

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12
Q

Immediately after the nasal cavity

A

pharynx

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13
Q

Immediately after the nasal cavity

A

pharynx

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14
Q

long tube that leads to the lungs; made of rings of cartilage

A

trachea

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15
Q

300 million air filled sacs in each lung

A

alveoli

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16
Q

covered in capillaries

A

alveoli

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17
Q

full of hair and mucus to trap microbes

A

nose

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18
Q

holds the vocal cords

A

larynx

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19
Q

hollow area behind your nose

A

nasal cavity

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20
Q

also known as your windpipe

A

trachea

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21
Q

another word for the throat

A

pharynx

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22
Q

not actually part of respiratory tract

A

diaphragm

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23
Q

sheet of skeletal muscle

A

diaphragm

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24
Q

closed when a person is swallowing

A

epiglottis

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25
contracts and relaxes to cause inspiration and expiration
diaphragm
26
the exact site where oxygen enters the bloodstream and exits the air
alveoli
27
door at the top of the trachea
epiglottis
28
full of cilla with trap pathogens before entered the pharynx
nasal cavity
29
smaller branches inside the lungs
bronchioles
30
splits into the esophagus or the trachea
pharynx
31
the exact site where CO2 is produced
alveoli
32
flap of cartilage that prevents water or food from entering the trachea
epiglottis
33
the healthier location to breathe in through
nose
34
two branches that each enter a lung
bronchi
35
voice box
larynx
36
warms air up before it reaches your lungs
nasal cavity
37
which body cavities is the diaphragm between?
thoracic and abdominal
38
When the diaphragm relaxes what do the rib muscles do?
relax
39
When the diaphragm relaxes, what happens to the volume of the chest cavity and lungs?
it decreases
40
When the diaphragm relaxes, what happens to the level of pressure in the lungs?
it increase (there is high pressure in the lungs)
41
When the diaphragm relaxes, what is caused?
air is forced out of the lungs; expiration
42
The more activity your cells have....
the more oxygen you need and the faster you need to breathe
43
Which structure monitors the level of CO2 carried in the blood?
brain stem
44
As you increase your level of activity, what happens to the level of CO2 in the blood?
there is more CO2 in the blood
45
What best describes breathing rate?
it is mainly involuntary, but a person can override the system and control their own breathing rate
46
Air that enters the alveoli during inspiration is...
high in 02 and low in CO2
47
What does having high O2 levels and low CO2 levels cause?
02 diffuses out of the alveoli and into the blood; CO2 diffuses out of the blood and into the alveoli
48
Which is the proper pathway of 02 once it enters the alveoli?
air - alveolar membranes - capillary walls - blood
49
When CO2 arrives at the alveoli from the blood, what is its proper pathway?
blood - capillary walls - alveolar membranes - blood
50
What percent of 02 is carried by red blood cells?
95% -98%
51
What is true about hemoglobin?
each molecule can carry 4 oxygen molecules
52
What is true of red blood cells?
each red blood cell has 250 million hemoglobin molecules and therefore can carry 1 billion oxygen molecules
53
When blood reaches the tissue cells, which is true of the concentration of oxygen?
oxygen is higher in the blood than it is in the body tissues, so it is released from hemoglobin and diffuses into the body tissue
54
when blood reaches the tissue cells, which is true of the concentration of CO2?
CO2 is lower in the blood than it is in the body tissue, so it diffuses out of the body tissues and enters the blood
55
What is not a way CO2 can be carried through the blood?
in the form of an ammonia ion
56
What happens when bicarbonate ions enters the lungs?
they convert back into CO2 and water so the CO2 can be exhaled
57
What is the process by which our cells convert oxygen and glucose to ATP is known as?
cellular respiration
58
What is exhalation known as?
expiration
59
what is it known as when gases from your blood pass into your body tissues?
internal respiration
60
What is it known as when gases from the atmosphere pass into our blood in our lungs
external respiration
61
What muscle is responsible for breathing?
diaphragm
62
What controls the rate of breathing?
brain and brain stem
63
What is it known as when a substance moves from high or low concentration
diffusion
64
When ion does hemoglobin contain that allow it to bind to oxygen?
iron

Anatomy (13 decks)

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