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Anatomy > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

what is a joint?

A

a location where two or more bones come together

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2
Q

what are the two roles of joints?

A

allow us to move
hold our skeleton together

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3
Q

how many names does each joint have?

A

2

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4
Q

what is the anatomical name based upon?

A

what separates the bones

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5
Q

what is the physiological name based upon?

A

how well the joint moves

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6
Q

what is the anatomical name of an immovable joint?

A

fibrous joint

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7
Q

what is the physiological name of an immovable joint?

A

synarthrosis

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8
Q

what is the anatomical name of a slightly moveable joint?

A

cartilage joint

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9
Q

what is the physiological name of a slightly moveable joint?

A

amphiarthrosis

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10
Q

what is the anatomical name of a freely moving joint?

A

synovial joint

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11
Q

what is the physiological name of a freely moving joint?

A

diarthrosis

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12
Q

what are examples of fibrous joint?

A

cranial sutures, teeth sockets

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13
Q

what are examples of cartilage joint?

A

intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

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14
Q

what are examples of synovial joint?

A

shoulder and knee

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15
Q

what are fibrous joints separated by?

A

fibrous CT

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16
Q

what are cartilage joints separated by?

A

cartilage

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17
Q

what are synovial joints separated by?

A

synovial fluid

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18
Q

what is the most common type of joint?

A

hinge

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19
Q

what type of movement does a hinge joint allow?

A

allows a joint to only bend (flex) and straighten (extend)

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20
Q

what are examples of hinge joints?

A

femur-tibia (knee), phalanges-phalanges, temporomandibular joint

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21
Q

what type of movement does a pivot joint allow?

A

allows only 180 rotation, one bone rotates around another

22
Q

what are examples of pivot joints?

A

atlas-axis, radius-humerus

23
Q

what type of movement does a saddle joint allow for?

A

allows a joint to bend (flex) and straighten (extend), allows a joint to move side to side

24
Q

what is an example of a saddle joint?

A

metacarpal of thumb-trapezium

25
what type of movement does a plane joint allow for?
bones slide against each other like blocks gliding against each other
26
what are examples for plane joints?
carpals, tarsals
27
what type of movement does a ball and socket joint allow for?
allows many different types of movement, most moveable type of joint
28
what are examples for ball and socket joints?
femur-pelvis (hip), humerus-scapula (shoulder)
29
what type of movement does a condyloid joint allow for?
allows a joint to bend (flex) and straighten (extend), allows a joint to slightly shift side to side
30
what is a condyloid joint?
modified ball and socket joint
31
what is an example of a condyloid joint?
proximal phalanges-metacarpals (knuckles)
32
what is the definition for a flexion?
decreasing an angle between 2 bones (bending)
33
what is the definition for a extension?
increasing an angle between 2 bones (straighten)
34
what is the definition for a hyperextension?
extending beyond a straight line
35
what is the definition for a dorsiflexion?
toes/foot point upwards
36
what is the definition for a plantaflexion?
toes/foot point downwards
37
what is the definition for an abduction?
pulling the limbs away from the midline
38
what is the definition for an adduction?
bringing the limbs back towards midline
39
what is the definition for a circumduction?
circular motion at a ball and socket joint
40
what is the definition for a rotation?
180 degree rotation (twisting)
41
what is the definition for a lateral rotation?
rotating out to the side
42
what is the definition for a medial rotation?
rotating in toward the midline
43
what is the definition for a supination?
palm rotates up
44
what is the definition for a pronation?
palm rotates down
45
what is the definition for an eversion?
elevating your lateral soles (big toe side down)
46
what is the definition for inversion?
elevating your medial sole (pinky toe side down)
47
what is the definition for a protraction?
to stick out
48
what is the definition for a retraction?
to pull back down
49
what is the definition for a elevation?
to raise up
50
what is the definition for a depression?
to lower

Anatomy (13 decks)

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