Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Large Animal Medicine > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

(93 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Salmonella: Signs

A

fever w/ leukopenia
colic w/ diarrhea
colic w/o diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Salmonella: Dx

A

signs, culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Salmonella: Tx

A

supportive, anti-inflammatories, analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Equine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (potomic fever): Signs

A

fever -> laminitis, diarrhea, abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Equine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (Potomic Fever): Dx

A

CBC ID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Equine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (Potomic Fever): Tx

A

oxytetracylcline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clostridial Enterocolitis: Etiology

A

altered GI flora => Clostridum perfringens overgrowth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clostridial Enterocolitis: Signs

A

necrotizing enterocolitis, severe toxemia, hemorrhagic diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clostridail Enterocolitis: Dx

A

ELISA, PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clostridial Enterocolitis: Tx

A

supportive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cantharidin (Blister Beetle) Toxicosis: Signs

A

unresponsive pain, pollakuria, hematuria, cardio compromise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cantharidin (Blister Beetle) Toxicosis: Dx

A

ID toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cantharidin (Blister Beetle) Toxicosis: Tx

A

supportive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Right Dorsal Colitis: Etiology

A

phenylbutazone toxicicty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Choke: Classification

A

Primary - no underlying esophageal dysfunction (dental, behavior)
Secondary - direct issue w/ esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Choke: Signs

A

profuse bilateral nasal discharge (food tinged), neck stretching, coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Choke: Dx

A

nasogastric tube, endosopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Choke: Tx

A

sedation -> NG intubation and flush, treat underlying cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

SI Impaction: Tx

A

mineral oil, IV fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Duodenitis Proximal Jejunitis: Tx

A

gastric decompression, fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cecal Impaction: Tx

A

NG intubation w/ DSS in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sand Impation: Tx

A

psyllium, mineral oil, sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Left Dorsal Displacement: Tx

A

phenylephrine (splenic contraction), rolling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Liver: Enzymes

A

SDH - liver specific, acute
ALP - biliary specific, acute
AST - not liver specific, chronic
GGT - fairly liver specific, biliary specific, chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Icterus: Forms
unconjugated, conjugated
26
Unconjugated Icterus: Indicative of
hemolytic anemia, fasting
27
Conjugated Icterus: Indicative of
cholestatic dz if 25-30%
28
Secondary Photosensitization: Pathopysiology
Type III - phylloerythrin formation
29
Secondary Photosensitization: Signs
White areas | erythema -> edematous -> dry and stiff -> slough
30
Secondary Photosensitization: Tx
eliminate agent
31
Hepatic Encephalopathy: Signs
behavior change, wandering, head pressing, circling, seizures
32
Hepatic Encephalopathy: Pathophysiology
inc. ammonia + aromatic AA, dec. branched AA
33
Hepatic Encephalopathy: Tx
inc. branched AA (beet pulp), low protein diet
34
Idiopathic Acute Hepatic Dz: Risk Factor
tetanus antitoxin 6-8 wks prior
35
IAHD: Signs
abrupt onset, hepatic encphalopathy
36
IAHD: Lab
inc. bilirubin, AST, SDH, GGT
37
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Toxicity: Pathophysiology
hepatocytes can't divide being replaced by fibrous tissue => chronic liver failure
38
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Toxicity: Dx
biopsy
39
What drug do you avoid when treating Liver Dzs?
diazapam
40
Hyperlipidemia: Pathophysiology
neg. energy balance
41
Hyperlipidemia: Dx
serum triglyceride, chem
42
Hyperlipidemia: Tx
treat primary dz, nutritional support
43
Pars Intermedia Pituitary Dysfunction: Signs
"happy, hairy, hungry, horses" | delayed shedding, chronic recurrent laminitis, PU/PD, muscle wasting
44
PIPD: Dx
chem, diurnal cortisol, ACTH Challenge, dex suppression test
45
PIPD: Tx
lifelong, cyproheptadine, pergolide
46
Equine Metabolic Syndrome: Signs
PIPD w/o delayed shedding + non-responsive to pergoloide
47
Equine Metabolic Syndrome: Dx
CGIT
48
Equine Metabolic Syndrome: Tx
eliminate sugars, exercise
49
How much urine does a normal horse produce?
15-30ml/kg/day
50
Acute Renal Failures: Etiologies
vasomotor - endotoxemia, shock | toxic - aminoglycosides, NSAIDs
51
ARF: Dx
UA - isothenuria, casts | chem
52
ARF: Tx
remove insult, fluid therapy
53
Aminoglycosides Renal Toxicity: Signs
PU, depression, anorexia
54
NSAID (phenylbutazone) Renal Toxicity: Signs
medullary crest necrosis => hypo-/iso-sthenuria
55
Ataxic Gait Evaluation: Grading Components
weakness, spasticity, ataxia, proprioception
56
Ataxic Gait Evaluation: Weakness
dragging, knuckling, buckling, stumbling
57
Ataxic Gait Evaluation: Spacicity
hyporefexia - "tin soldier" gait | hyperreflexia - "high stepping" gait
58
Ataxic Gait Evaluation: Ataxia
spacing of steps, unsteady placement
59
Ataxic Gait Evaluation: Proprioception
truncal sway
60
What is used to differentiate between LMN and UMN?
muscle tone
61
Where do you take CSF for evaluation?
Atlanto-ocipital/lumbosacral | want to be caudal to lesion
62
CSF Evaluation: Normal Values
TP less than 100 WBC less than 6/dL RBC none
63
Albumin Quotients: Use
indicates BBB abnormalities if inc.
64
IgG Index: Use
indicates intrathecal IgG production if inc.
65
Rabies: Dx
CSF, IFA of tactile hair
66
Arboviral Dz: Common Name
Equine encrphalitis (reportable)
67
Which Equine Encephalitis does the horse act as an amplifier?
VEE
68
EEE: Signs
progressive hyperexcitability, head pressing, circling, blindness
69
WEE: Signs
very stuperous
70
VEE: Signs
colic, diarrhea, constipation
71
Equine Encephalitis: Dx
signs, lymphocytosis on CSF, virus iso
72
Equine Encephalitis: Tx
supportive, prevention (vx)
73
West Nile: Signs
hind limb weakness, muscle fasciculations
74
West Nile: Dx
ELISA, neutrophillia/mononuclear cytosis on CSF
75
West Nile: Tx
supportive, prevention (vector control, vx)
76
Tempohyoid Osteoarthropathy: Signs
acute unilateral vestiular + facial nerve signs
77
THO: Dx
rads, signs
78
THO: Tx
broad spectrum antimicrobials, DMSO/phenylbutazone
79
Cervical Stenotic Myelopathy (Wobblers): Signs
symmetric ataxia, paresis, hind > forelimbs
80
CVM: Lesion Types
static - can be seen w/o manipulation | dynamic - need manipulation to see
81
CVM: Dx
``` saggital ratio (spinal canal thickness/vertebral body thickness x 100%) myelography - >/= 50% dec. in diameter ```
82
What are normal Saggital Ratios of C4-C6, C7?
52%, 56%, below is abnormal
83
CVM: Tx
less than 1yr - PACE diet | > 1yr - symptomatic, sx
84
Equine Protozoal Myelitis: Signs
asymmetric ataxia w/ atrophy
85
Equine Protozoal Myelitis: Dx
signs, Western Blot (tests antibodies)
86
Equine Protozoal Myelitis: Tx
symptomatic, pyremethamine/sulfonamides (1st line), ponazuril (2nd line)
87
Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy: Serovars
EHV-1 - North America | EHV-4 - Europe
88
Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy: Signs
acute onset, paresis (truncal sway), ascending ataxia
89
Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy: Dx
titers, virus iso, elevated TP w/ normal WBC on CSF
90
Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy: Tx
anti-inflammatories, supportive
91
Equine Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy: Sisng
acute onset, UMN, symmetric ataxia, weakness, spasticity all 4 limbs
92
EDM: Dx
spinal histo
93
EDM Tx
poss. Vit. E suppliment

Large Animal Medicine (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions