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CAS 490T > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Public law 94-142 which set influential federal guidelines for the rights of handicapped children to an appropriate public education.

A

Education for All Handicapped Children Act

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2
Q

Amended educational mandate that greatly improves education for people with language and learning disorders and disabilities

A

Individuals with Disabilities Education

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3
Q

The sounds of a language or the study of speech sounds

A

phonology

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4
Q

Basic unit of sound

A

phonemes

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5
Q

A unit of a writing system- a letter or combination of letters-that represent the sounds of a language

A

graphemes

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6
Q

Regarding language, refers to the forms of words or the study of word formation

A

morphology

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7
Q

The aspect of grammar that deals with the way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences

A

syntax

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8
Q

The system of rules that organize a language

A

grammar

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9
Q

The study of meanings in language

A

semantics

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10
Q

The use of speech and gestures in a communicative way, considering the social context including appropriate gestures and language style

A

pragmatics

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11
Q

Comprehension of messages sent by others.

A

receptive language

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12
Q

The production of language

A

expressive language

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13
Q

Using the sound structure of language to process written material.

A

phonological processing

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14
Q

The widening over time of the gap between strong and weak readers

A

Mathew Effect

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15
Q

Putting ideas into written form

A

transcription (written text)

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16
Q

The creation of meaning in written form

A

text generation

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17
Q

Detailed educational plan legally mandated for each person being served by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

A

individual education plan (IEP)

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18
Q

The idea that individuals with disabilities have the right to be educated with their typically developing peers to the extent that such education is maximally feasible

A

least restrictive environment

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19
Q

The idea that all children with disabilities can best be educated, and should be included in regular classrooms

A

inclusion

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20
Q

The score corresponding to the chronological age of persons whose intellectual test performance the examinee equals.

A

mental age

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21
Q

The ratio of an individuals mental age with their chronological age

A

intelligence quotient

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22
Q

The findings that scores on a general test of intelligence tend to increase over time as the test becomes older

A

Flynn effect

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23
Q

Failure to recognize co-occuring conditions and attributing them to intellectual disabilities

A

overshadowing

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24
Q

The theory that individuals with intellectual disabilities fall into two categories: Organic and Cultural-Familial

A

two-group approach

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25
A specific disorder predisposes an individual to certain behaviors
behavioral phenotype
26
Each individual has the right to life experiences that are as normal and as least restrictive as possible.
normalization
27
A type of learning where the clinician selects the tasks to be learned and provides clear directives, prompts, and consequences for appropriate behavior. Teaching is done in a quiet place away from distractions
discrete trial learning
28
Type of learning where the teaching situation is informal and less structured. It is more likely to be initiated by the child, amid every day contexts
naturalistic (incidental) learning
29
Behavior that includes head banging, biting, and hitting the self. Intensity can range from minor to life threatening
self-injurious behavior
30
An approach the is very effective in ameliorating a variety of problem behaviors. It includes modification to the environment and behavioral consequences, with the teaching of new responses to substitute for maladaptive behaviors often incorporated
positive behavioral support
31
The assessment of variables that might be influencing the occurrence and maintenance of behavior.
functional assessment/analysis
32
Behaviors such as pointing and eye contact, that simultaneously focus the attention of two or more people on the same object or situation, presumably for sharing an experience
joint attention
33
The repetition of the speech of others, either immediately or delayed in time
echolalia
34
Deviant speech pattern in which speakers refer to themselves as "You," "she," or "he" and refer to others as "I" or "me"
pronoun reversal
35
Individual focuses on a select portion of a stimulus array while neglecting other components
overselectivity
36
Abilities that are much higher than expected for the level of intelligence
splinter skills
37
Skills that are strikingly better than those seen in typically developing youth
savant abilities
38
The ability to infer mental states in others and in one's self.
theory of mind
39
The tendency of individuals to weave bits of information together so as to create a whole or global meaning
central coherence
40
A special awareness that persons have of each other that motivates them, from the moment of both, to communicate with the emotions and interests of others
intersubjectivity
41
Distortion or excess in normal functioning
positive symptoms
42
A false perception that occurs in the absence of any apparent environmental stimulation
hallucinations
43
An idea or belief that is contrary to reality and is not widely accepted in one's culture
delusions
44
A type of speech that might quickly jump from one unrelated topic to another, engage in incoherent “word salad,” repeat things another person says back to them, or appear to be speaking with nonexistent entities.
disorganized speech
45
Inappropriate silliness, unexpected agitation or aggression, lack of self-care and the like
disorganized behavior
46
Motor disturbances such as decreased or excessive motor reactivity, rigid and strange bodily postures
catatonic behavior
47
Diminution or lack of normally occurring behaviors. Including little emotion or flat affect, brief speech, or may not initiate or maintain goal directed behaviors
negative symptoms
48
Gradual rather than sudden onset of a disorder
insidious onset
49
repeated voiding of urine during the day or night in to the bed or clothes when such voiding is not due to a physical disorder
enuresis
50
Type of voiding of urine in the bed or clothing when a child has never demonstrated bladder control
primary enuresis
51
Type of voiding of urine in the bed or clothing when the child previously had a period of urinary continence
secondary enuresis
52
The passage of feces into the clothing or other unacceptable area when this is not due to a physical disorder
encopresis
53
Problems with sleep cycle and arousal
parasomnias
54
Occur during non-rem deep, slow wave sleep. Child sits straight up in bed and screams. Is often confused and disorientated and never fully wakes. usually no memory of the episode
sleep terrors
55
Occurs during Rem sleep with only moderate physical arousal, slight or no movement, episodes frequently remembered
nightmares
56
A respiratory disorder characterized by repeated brief episodes of upper airway obstruction and resulting in multiple transient arousals from sleep.
obstructive sleep apnea
57
Life-threatening weight loss or failure to gain weight in babies
failure to thrive
58
Voluntary and repeated regurgitate of food or liquid in the absence of an organic cause
rumination disorder
59
The habitual eating of substances usually considered inedible, such as paint, dirt, paper, fiber, hair and bugs
pica
60
A BMI at or above the 95th percentile
obesity
61
weight in kilograms divided by square of height in meters
body mass index (BMI)
62
eating a larger amount of food during a discrete period of time
binge
63
Limiting food intake
restricting
64
ridding of unwanted calories through methods such as vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas
purging
65
Physical conditions such as asthma, headaches, and ulcers
psychosomatic disorders
66
Study of the effects of psychological processes on the body
psychosomatic medicine
67
How restricted a youth is due to a chronic condition
functional limitation
68
The inability to perform certain actions like gripping things and doing routine household chores
functional disabilities
69
Procedure in which some device gives immediate feedback to the person about a particular biological function.
biofeedback
70
What is the age of onset for Anorexia
between 14 and 18
71
What is the prevalence of Anorexia in adolescent females
3%
72
How many months of urinary control must a child have for there to be secondary enuresis
6 months
73
Types of approach-oriented strategies
acceptance, use of relaxation, methods of distraction
74
Types of avoidance strategies
Ignore the situation, do not talk about illness, avoid/isolate from others
75
What percent of Latinos children are obese
18.5%
76
In what ethnicity is school-aged obesity more prevalent in white or latino
Latino
77
When it comes to SES who has a higher chance of being obese
Inner city children with low SES have a higher chance compared to children who live in rural areas and have a high SES
78
Neurological disorder that impairs the nervous system that causes a person to have verbal and motor tics
Tourette Syndrome
79
What is the cause of Tourette Syndrome
There is no known cause
80
How many more time likely are males to be diagnosed with Tourettes than females
4 times
81
How long does ASD last
lifelong disorder
82
Why is adulthood hard for people with ASD
Because of the lack of support available for them as adults compared to when they were children
83
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech Disorganized/catatonic behavior
84
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
``` Flat affect social withdrawal reduced speech less motivation less feeling of enjoyment ```
85
What are the social communication and interaction symptoms of autism
``` Not visually responsive avoids eye contact fails to respond to their name shows discontent when touched or held Lack of joint attention Delayed speech reversing pronouns inability to carry on a normal conversation ```
86
What are the restrictive/repetitive behavioral symptoms of autism
Repetitive sensorimotor behaviors: hand-flapping, twirling, rocking back and forth, repetitive use of object, self injuries Insistence on Sameness: Obsessed with numbers or certain objects, overly interested in one hobby, insistent on routines
87
What is the prevalence of ASD
1 in 68
88
How much more likely is ASD in boys than girls
5 times or 5:1
89
Is there a difference in racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic status in prevalence of ASD
No difference has been found
90
What percent of children with autism do not develop useful speech
30%
91
What kind of hallucination is most common in youth with schizophrenia
auditory

CAS 490T (5 decks)

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