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Honors Biology 10 > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Controlled experiment

A

Experiment in which all variables are kept unchanged except one

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2
Q

Manipulated variable

A

The variable that is changed between the control group and the experimental group

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3
Q

Control group

A

The group that is being tested under normal conditions

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4
Q

Experimental group

A

The group that is being tested under the new or experimental conditions

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5
Q

Monomer

A

Small repeating units that fit together to form polymers

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6
Q

Polymer

A

Large molecules that are formed by joining together many monomers

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7
Q

What is the total magnification under a microscope?

A

X10

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8
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism made up of one cell

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9
Q

Multicellular

A

An organism made up of many cells

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10
Q

Why do cells need to stay small?

A

If cells get to big they can’t take in nutrients and let out waste

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11
Q

Eukaryotic

A

A cell that has a Nucleus

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12
Q

Prokaryotic

A

A cell that does not have a nucleus

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13
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

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14
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Everything between the cell membrane and the nucleus

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15
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center of the cell

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16
Q

Nucleolus

A

Produces the ribosomes

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17
Q

Ribosomes

A

Produces the ribosomes

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18
Q

Golgi body

A

Notifies and packages proteins to be shipped where they are needed

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19
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Produces lipids, proteins and other particles use the ER to move about the cell

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20
Q

Mitochondria

A

Makes ATP energy through cellular respiration

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21
Q

Cellular respiration equation

A

02 + CHO&raquo_space; H2O + CO2 + ATP

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22
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Makes food for the plants

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23
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

H2O + CO2 + ATP&raquo_space; O2 + CHO

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24
Q

Lysosomes

A

Breaks down food, bacteria, waste and worn out cell parts

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25
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
Large vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall
26
Diffusion
Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
27
Osmosis
The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable(water moves from high to low concentration of water)
28
Solute
Substance that dissolves
29
Solution
Mixture of 2 or more substances in which the molecules of each substance are evenly distributed
30
Solvent
Substance in which the solute is dissolved
31
Hypertonic
The one that has a higher concentration of solute
32
Hypotonic
The one that has the low concentration of solute
33
Cytolysis
When a cell bursts because of to much turgor pressure
34
Plasmolysis
The shrinking or wilting of a cell from low turgor pressure
35
Turgor pressure
Water pressure within the cell
36
Active transport
Using energy to move particles against the concentration gradient
37
Passive transport
Movement of molecular substance across the cell membrane without the need of energy
38
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
39
DNA Helicase
Un twists and unzips the DNA strand for DNA replication
40
DNA Polymerase
Connects new nucleotides to each other to compete the new DNA strand and proofreads the DNA strand
41
RNA Polymerase
Un twists and unzips the DNA strand and connects the RNA nucleotides It is the only enzyme in Transcription
42
Nitrogen bases in DNA
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
43
Nitrogen base in RNA
Adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine
44
Amino acids
Building blocks of proteins
45
Proteins
Regulate cell process, control rate of reaction
46
Mitosis
Division of the nucleus that results in somatic cells
47
Meiosis
Division of the nucleus that results in gametes
48
PMAT
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
49
Haploid
Cell that contains only one chromosome of each pair
50
Diploid
Cell that contains both chromosomes of each pair
51
Genotype
Genetic makeup of an organism
52
Phenotype
The traits you have because of the genes you have
53
Trait
A specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
54
Allele
Different forms of a gene
55
Dominant
If the dominant allele is present in the alleles, the organism will exhibit that trait
56
Recessive
In order for the trait to show up in the organism, both alleles must be recessive
57
Homozygous
When an organism has 2 identical alleles for a particular gene
58
Heterozygous
When an organism has 2 different alleles for a particular gene
59
Evolution
The ability of a species to change over time to better adapt to their environment
60
Variation within in a species
Some species but have different characteristics that are different between each individual
61
Natural selection
Individuals that are better suited to their environment live longer and reproduce at a higher rate
62
Herbivore
An animal that feeds on plants
63
Carnivore
An animal that feeds on meat
64
Omnivore
Eats both plants and meat
65
Carrying capacity
The largest number of individuals that an environment can support
66
Density dependent factor
Ant factor limiting the size of a population whose effect is dependent on the number of individuals in the population.
67
Density independent factor
Any factor limiting the size of a population whose effect is not dependent on the number of individuals in the population
68
7 classification levels of taxonomy
KPCOFGS
69
Kingdom
Animal
70
Phylum
Chordata
71
Class
Mammals
72
Order
Primates
73
Family
Homirids
74
Genius
Homo
75
Species
Sapien
76
What happens during prophase?
Chromatin becomes chromosome Nuclear envelop and nucleolus break down  ­ Centrioles separate to the poles and spindle  fibers form
77
What happens during metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle | of the cell 
78
What happens during anaphase
Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell 
79
What happens during telophase
Chromosomes go back to chromatin. Nuclear envelop and nucleolus forms. Centrioles move form the poles and spindle  fibers breaks down 

Honors Biology 10 (10 decks)

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