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Music history Again > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

Commonly accepted dates for the Baroque period are

A

1600-1750

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2
Q

The roots of the Baroque are in what country?

A

Italy

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3
Q

The musical style of the Renaissance came to be referred to as _______ or ______.

A

Prima practica, stile antico

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4
Q

The newer style of the Baroque was referred to as _______ or ______.

A

Seconda practica, stile moderno

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5
Q

A continuous bass line that accompanied the melody; it’s symbols were called _____.

A

Basso continuo; figured bass

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6
Q

Composers began to write ________ in order to exploit the individual capabilities of voices/instruments.

A

Idiomatically

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7
Q

Two important musical genres that came into existence around 1600; which country was each?

A

Opera in Florence, Oratorio in Rome

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8
Q

A large amount of Baroque music emphasizes “competition” between two groups - solo vs group, voices vs instrument, small group vs large

A

Concertato

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9
Q

The primary genre of vocal chamber music was the _______.

A

Solo cantata

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10
Q

A descending four-note bass line often denoted sorrow and is known as a _______.

A

Lament bass

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11
Q

“Agitated style”

A

Concitato

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12
Q

Music intended for large spaces such as basilicas and employing four or more choirs singing together echoing one another is known as the _______.

A

Colossal Baroque

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13
Q

Who perfected the da capo aria?

A

Alessandro Scarlatti

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14
Q

What are the two types of sonatas that emerged?

A

da chiesa (church) and da camera (chamber)

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15
Q

What is the instrumentation of a Baroque trio sonata?

A

2 melody instruments + basso continuo

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16
Q

The tempo pattern of a sinfonia (Italian overture):

A

Fast/slow/fast

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17
Q

The tempo pattern of a French overture:

A

Slow/fast/slow

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18
Q

An instrumental piece for ensemble in which one or more soloists both complemented and competed with an orchestra:

A

Sonata

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19
Q

Who pioneered the development of the sonata?

A

Rossi and Corelli

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20
Q

A collection of pieces in dance rhythms is a

A

Suite

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21
Q

Who developed the standard dances?

A

Froberger

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22
Q

What are the standard dances?

A

Allemande, Courante, Sarabande, and Gigue

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23
Q

An organ piece that introduced the congregational hymn by playing it through its entirety prior to singing

A

Chorale prelude

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24
Q

The composer who took the Italian concerted style to Dresden, Germany

A

Schütz

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25
The composer who wrote the first significant opera
Monteverdi
26
The first composer to specify instrumentation and to employ dynamic markings in a musical score
Gabrieli
27
The first significant oratorios were composed by
Carissimi
28
The priest who composed hundreds of string concertos
Vivaldi
29
The name for the simple vocal style that characterized the earliest Baroque solo songs
Monody
30
A type of singing that is flexible and mimics the rhythms of speech
Recitative
31
The term for divided choir
Cori spezzati
32
The standard for single movements in sonatas and dance suites
Binary form
33
The small group of soloists in a concerto grosso
Concertino
34
Notes performed somewhere between legato and staccato
Spiccato
35
Alternate tuning of a stringed instrument
Scordatura
36
The most important French musician at the time of Louis XIV
Lully
37
A multi-movement piece composed to commemorate a birthday or a similar occasion
Ode
38
A male vocalist who sings in the alto range
Countertenor
39
The idea that music conveys a single emotion resulted in this
Doctrine of Affections
40
Where was opera first made available to the public?
1600 in Florence
41
What was Monteverdi’s final opera?
“l’incoronazione di Poppea”
42
What is the title and the composer of the first true opera?
“Dafne” by Jacopo Peri
43
A dramatic work or play set to music with the lines of the actors sung rather than spoken
Opera
44
The new Baroque style of vocal expression that dramatically mixed speech and song in a dramatic fashion was referred to by the Camerata as _______.
stile rappresentativo
45
Who was the first composer to write idiomatically for instruments?
Giovanni Gabrieli
46
Who created the stile concitato?
Monteverdi
47
A bass line that insistently repeats is a
Basso ostinato
48
What style employed distinctly separate units of voices and instruments to create vivid contrasts?
Concerted style
49
Fiori musicali was the work of _______. What type of music is it?
Frescobaldi; organ
50
Who was the most famous maker of prized violins in Baroque Italy?
Antonio Stradivari
51
Who was the first composer to make his reputation strictly as a composer of instrumental music?
Corelli
52
What are multiple stops on a string instrument?
Playing two or more notes simultaneously
53
What musical genre was favored by Vivaldi?
Concerto (solo&grosso)
54
What was the preferred form for Baroque sonata movement?
Binary form
55
Who composed the mystery sonatas?
Biber
56
A composition for organ which is based on a chorale melody but gives free rein to the composers imagination
Chorale Fantasia
57
Johann Froberger composed almost exclusively for _______.
Keyboard
58
Who was the greatest organ composer of his day in northern Germany?
Buxtehude
59
Who injured himself while conducting and died from the injury?
Lully
60
Who was known for the cantata française and what were they typically about?
Elizabeth Jacquet de la Gurre; Old Testament Heroes
61
What genre created by Lully fused tragedy with ballet?
Tragédie lyrique
62
An organization which Lully gained exclusive control over was the _______.
Académie royale de musique
63
Ballet danced at the French court in which members of the court appeared alongside professional dancers?
Ballet de cour
64
What important form is Louis Couperin remembered for?
Unmeasured prelude; opening piece without indications for rhythmic direction
65
What is the title of the significant pedagogical manual by Francois Couperin?
“the art of playing the harpsichord”
66
What Parisian family was known for lute playing and composition?
The Gaultiers
67
A dotted note is made longer than written, while its complimentary short notes are made shorter
Overdotting
68
What is Purcell’s best known work and his only fully sung opera?
“Dido and Aeneas”
69
In English music, an ostinato bass line is referred to as
Ground bass
70
An aria with distinctive characteristics such as parallel thirds. , a slow tempo, a lilting rhythm in compound meter, and harmony that changes slowly
Pastoral aria
71
A sustained or repeated pitch played in the bass above which the harmony changes
Pedal point
72
What type of tuning involves dividing the octave into twelve equal half steps?
Equal temperament
73
What was the focus of composition for Bach during his years in Leipzig?
Cantatas/vocal music
74
What is a sacred vocal genre that employs and text and/is of a pre-existing Lutheran hymn in all or several of its movements?
Chorale
75
What is the philosophical, scientific, and political movement that dominated the 18th century thought?
The Age of Enlightenment
76
When and where was the premier of Gluck’s “Orfeo ed Euridice”? What notable musical figure attended as a child?
Vienna, 1762; Mozart
77
What work provided the first serious challenge to the reign of opera Seria?
John Gay’s “The Beggar’s Opera”
78
Difference between a ballad and ballad opera?
Ballad/traditional strophic song Ballad opera/comic opera that used retexted ballads and spoken dialogue
79
A musical diversion between the acts of an opera or play
Intermezzo
80
Who created reform opera/what were its goals?
Gluck; sought to combine Italian lyricism and the French intense desire for dramatic expression
81
In what major European cities were public concerts performed in the mid-18th century?
London, Paris, Vienna
82
Which city had the first public concerts and what were they called?
Paris; concert spirituel
83
In what genre is Giovanni Sammartini significant?
Symphony
84
What orchestra was referred to as an army of generals and who conducted it?
The Mannheim Orchestra; Johann Stamitz
85
What was stamitz’s orchestra known for and what were they?
Mannheim crescendo- a gradual increase from soft to loud Mannheim rocket- Triadic theme that bursts forth as a rising arpeggio
86
An accompaniment pattern in which a triad is played successively in arpeggiated form on a keyboard is
Alberti Bass
87
Johann Cristian Bach was known as the _______ Bach.
London
88
What term is associated with CPE Bach’s style of playing with great sentiment and expressiveness?
Empfindsamer stil
89
Bebung can only be accomplished on the ______.
Clavichord
90
Smooth and graceful style; best represented in JC Bach’s works
Galant
91
The Viennese School includes which composers?
Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, and Schubert
92
The single greatest formal innovation of the Enlightenment is ______.
Sonata form
93
The primary sections of sonata form are:
Exposition, development, recapitulation and sometimes a coda
94
A form with an opening section which alternates with contrasting sections throughout the movement
Rondo form

Music history Again (4 decks)

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