FINAL EXAM #1- COLUMN THREE Flashcards
Proto-Germanic
the name given by linguists to the language that was an ancestor of English, German, and other Germanic languages
Proto-Indo European
the descriptive name given to the ancestor language of many modern language families, including Germanic, Slavic, and Romance
Daughter Language
a language descended from another language through a process of genetic descent
o English is a daughter language of Proto-Germanic
Genetically Related Languages
describes two or more languages that developed from a common, earlier language, e.g French, Italian, and Spanish which all developed from Latin
Sudden Language Death
When all speakers of a language die or are killed
Radical Language Death
The speaker stops using the home language and speak a dominant language sometimes due to political pressure
Gradual Language Death
Most common way a language Is lost occurs when a minority language uses a dominant language … Bilangual people die off
Bottom-To-Top Language Death
when language change begins in a low-level environment such as the home
Endangered Language
language that is at risk of falling out of use
Regular Sound Correspondences
the occurrence of different sounds in the same position of the same word in different languages or dialects, with this parallel holding for a significant number of words
Comparative Reconstruction
the deducing of forms in an ancestral language of genetically related languages by application of the comparative method
Etymology
the history of words , the study of the history of words
Folk Etymology
the process whereby the history of a word is derived from non-scientific speculation or false analogy with another word
ex hooker for prostitute
True Cognate Term
words in related languages that develop from the same ancestral root
o English man and German Mann
False Cognate Term
pairs of words in the same or different language that are similar in form and meaning but have different roots
