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a&p 1 > Final exam > Flashcards

Final exam Flashcards

1
Q

Breaking down large molecules into smaller ones (digestion)

A

Catabolism

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2
Q

Building large molecules such as making proteins (uses energy from catabolism)

A

Anabolism

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3
Q

Anatomical position

A

Body erect, feet apart, palms facing forward, thumbs point away from body

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4
Q

All chemical processes in the body

A

Metabolism

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5
Q

Divides the body into right and left planes

A

Sagittal

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6
Q

Divides body into front or back

A

Frontal or coronal

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7
Q

Divides body into top and bottom

A

Transverse

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8
Q

Diagonal planes

A

Oblique

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9
Q

Sagittal plane that lies on the midline

A

Midsagittal or median

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10
Q

Toward the head and or upper part of a structure of body; above

A

Superior (cranial)

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11
Q

Away from the head and or toward the lower part of a structure of the body; below

A

Inferior (caudal)

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12
Q

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

A

Ventral (anterior)

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13
Q

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

A

Dorsal (posterior)

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14
Q

Toward the midline or at the midline of the body; on the outer side of

A

Medial

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15
Q

Away from the midline if the body; on the outer side of

A

Lateral

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16
Q

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

A

Intermediate

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17
Q

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of s limb to the body trunk

A

Proximal

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18
Q

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

Distal

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19
Q

Toward or at the body surface

A

Superficial (external)

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20
Q

Away from the body surface, more internal

A

Deep (internal)

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21
Q

Combines atoms by removing water

A

Dehydration synthesis

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22
Q

Breaks apart molecules with the addition of water

A

Hydrolysis

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23
Q

Large molecule formed by many repeating units of s smaller molecule

A

Polymer

24
Q

When one end of s molecule has positive charge and the other has a negative charge due to an unequal sharing of electrons, the molecule is ___?

A

Polar

25
Q

Polar molecules are ___ “water loving”

A

Hydrophilic

26
Q

Nonpolar molecules are _______ “water fearing”

A

Hydrophobic

27
Q

Globular proteins that act as biological catalysts
Are chemically specific
Structure determines its function
Extreme temperature or pH can denature the protein

A

Enzyme

28
Q

Building blocks of triglycerides

A

Glycerol and 3 fatty acids

29
Q

Building blocks of proteins

A

Polymers made of amino acids

30
Q

Building blocks of nucleic acids

A

Polymer made of nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base)

31
Q

Requires oxygen

A

Aerobic

32
Q

Doesn’t require oxygen

A

Anaerobic

33
Q

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

A

Glycolysis

34
Q

What is the final electron carrier in cellular respiration?

A

Oxygen

35
Q

What’s the difference between active and passive transport?

A

While active transport requires energy and work, passive transport does not.

36
Q

Basic function of the nucleus

A

a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.

37
Q

Basic function nucleolus

A

Dense area of RNA and protein that makes ribosomes

38
Q

Basic function of ribosomes

A

Are particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein

Carry out protein synthesis

39
Q

Basic function of mitochondria

A

Rod shaped power house

Main function is the use of oxygen to produce ATP (cellular aerobic respiration)

40
Q

Basic function of lysosomes

A

Digest macromolecules

41
Q

Basic function of Golgi apparatus

A

Forms lysosomes

42
Q

the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.

A

Phagocytosis

43
Q

Transcription

A

Making of RNA from DNA

44
Q

Translation

A

Polypeptide (protein) made from mRNA

45
Q

Bone is covered by the __________

A

Periosteum

46
Q

A dense membrane that is composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps all cartilage except the cartilage in joints.

A

Perichondrium

47
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covering and lining; glands

48
Q

Connective tissue

A

Protects and supports, binds organs together, stores energy, and provides immunity

49
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Movement

50
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Transmits impulses that coordinate body activities

51
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue

A

Voluntary cells are long multinucleate

striated

52
Q

Smooth muscle tissue

A

Involuntary
Short, spindle-shaped single nucleus
nonstraited

53
Q

Cardiac muscle tissue

A

Involuntary
Branched single nucleus
strained

54
Q 
Usually connected to hair follicles 
Holocrine glands 
Moistens hair and waterproofs skin 
None in palms or soles 
Large in neck, face, upper chest
A

Sebaceous glands

55
Q

Secrete ear wax

A

Ceruminous glands

a&p 1 (3 decks)

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