Final exam

Question 1

Breaking down large molecules into smaller ones (digestion)

Answer 1

Catabolism

Question 2

Building large molecules such as making proteins (uses energy from catabolism)

Answer 2

Anabolism

Question 3

Anatomical position

Answer 3

Body erect, feet apart, palms facing forward, thumbs point away from body

Question 4

All chemical processes in the body

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

Divides the body into right and left planes

Answer 5

Sagittal

Question 6

Divides body into front or back

Answer 6

Frontal or coronal

Question 7

Divides body into top and bottom

Answer 7

Transverse

Question 8

Diagonal planes

Answer 8

Oblique

Question 9

Sagittal plane that lies on the midline

Answer 9

Midsagittal or median

Question 10

Toward the head and or upper part of a structure of body; above

Answer 10

Superior (cranial)

Question 11

Away from the head and or toward the lower part of a structure of the body; below

Answer 11

Inferior (caudal)

Question 12

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Answer 12

Ventral (anterior)

Question 13

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

Answer 13

Dorsal (posterior)

Question 14

Toward the midline or at the midline of the body; on the outer side of

Answer 14

Medial

Question 15

Away from the midline if the body; on the outer side of

Answer 15

Lateral

Question 16

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

Answer 16

Intermediate

Question 17

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of s limb to the body trunk

Answer 17

Proximal

Question 18

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Answer 18

Distal

Question 19

Toward or at the body surface

Answer 19

Superficial (external)

Question 20

Away from the body surface, more internal

Answer 20

Deep (internal)

Question 21

Combines atoms by removing water

Answer 21

Dehydration synthesis

Question 22

Breaks apart molecules with the addition of water

Answer 22

Hydrolysis

Question 23

Large molecule formed by many repeating units of s smaller molecule

Answer 23

Polymer

Question 24

When one end of s molecule has positive charge and the other has a negative charge due to an unequal sharing of electrons, the molecule is ___?

Answer 24

Polar

Question 25

Polar molecules are ___ "water loving"

Answer 25

Hydrophilic

Question 26

Nonpolar molecules are _______ "water fearing"

Answer 26

Hydrophobic

Question 27

Globular proteins that act as biological catalysts Are chemically specific Structure determines its function Extreme temperature or pH can denature the protein

Answer 27

Enzyme

Question 28

Building blocks of triglycerides

Answer 28

Glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 29

Building blocks of proteins

Answer 29

Polymers made of amino acids

Question 30

Building blocks of nucleic acids

Answer 30

Polymer made of nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base)

Question 31

Requires oxygen

Answer 31

Aerobic

Question 32

Doesn't require oxygen

Answer 32

Anaerobic

Question 33

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

Answer 33

Glycolysis

Question 34

What is the final electron carrier in cellular respiration?

Answer 34

Oxygen

Question 35

What's the difference between active and passive transport?

Answer 35

While active transport requires energy and work, passive transport does not.

Question 36

Basic function of the nucleus

Answer 36

a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.

Question 37

Basic function nucleolus

Answer 37

Dense area of RNA and protein that makes ribosomes

Question 38

Basic function of ribosomes

Answer 38

Are particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein Carry out protein synthesis

Question 39

Basic function of mitochondria

Answer 39

Rod shaped power house Main function is the use of oxygen to produce ATP (cellular aerobic respiration)

Question 40

Basic function of lysosomes

Answer 40

Digest macromolecules

Question 41

Basic function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 41

Forms lysosomes

Question 42

the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.

Answer 42

Phagocytosis

Question 43

Transcription

Answer 43

Making of RNA from DNA

Question 44

Translation

Answer 44

Polypeptide (protein) made from mRNA

Question 45

Bone is covered by the __________

Answer 45

Periosteum

Question 46

A dense membrane that is composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps all cartilage except the cartilage in joints.

Answer 46

Perichondrium

Question 47

Epithelial tissue

Answer 47

Covering and lining; glands

Question 48

Connective tissue

Answer 48

Protects and supports, binds organs together, stores energy, and provides immunity

Question 49

Muscle tissue

Answer 49

Movement

Question 50

Nervous tissue

Answer 50

Transmits impulses that coordinate body activities

Question 51

Skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 51

Voluntary cells are long multinucleate | striated

Question 52

Smooth muscle tissue

Answer 52

Involuntary Short, spindle-shaped single nucleus nonstraited

Question 53

Cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 53

Involuntary Branched single nucleus strained

Question 54

``` Usually connected to hair follicles Holocrine glands Moistens hair and waterproofs skin None in palms or soles Large in neck, face, upper chest ```

Answer 54

Sebaceous glands

Question 55

Secrete ear wax

Answer 55

Ceruminous glands