Final Exam - Contemporary Issues in Food Animal Production

Question 1

What are the 6 Contemporary issues in food animal production

Answer 1

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Genetic Engineering (CRISPR/Cas9)
• Red Meat Consumption
• Antibiotic & Hormone Use
• Land Use
• Confinement Housing

Question 2

Green House Gases
—– Emission
——-
—–% of global greenhouse gas emission come from —-

Answer 2

Methane
Ruminants
11.1
Livestock

Question 3

What is CH4

Answer 3

Methane

Question 4

What is the atmospheric lifetime of methane

Answer 4

12 years

Question 5

Methane is how many times stronger than CO2

Answer 5

86x stronger warming

Question 6

Methane traps what

Answer 6

radiation

Question 7

What percent of methane emissions in livestock come from what

Answer 7

burps of ruminal fermentation

Question 8

Embryonic Editing

Answer 8

CRISPR - Cas 9

Question 9

What does CRISPR - Cas 9 stand for

Answer 9

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, CRISPR Associated Protein 9

Question 10

Used to inactivate or modify genes

Answer 10

Genetic Engineering

Question 11

Genetic Engineering
— disease resistance
— muscle
— heat tolerance
—– the gene for —-
—— eggs

Answer 11

Improved
Increase
Improved
Remove/ horns
Hypoallergenic

Question 12

What are the two disease genetic engineering improves

Answer 12

PRRS
Tuberculosis

Question 13

What disease is caused due to high red meat consumption

Answer 13

Heart Disease and Cancer (more towards processed)

Question 14

Red Meat increases in what?

Answer 14

Saturate fat and cholestrol

Question 15

High cholesterol causes what?

Answer 15

Clogged Arteries

Question 16

What is the percent of land use for grassland pasture and range

Answer 16

29%

Question 17

What is the percent of land use for crop land

Answer 17

17%

Question 18

What are the 3 environmental impact for land use

Answer 18

Deforestation for pasture
Soil degradation – overgrazing
Water pollution

Question 19

What are the 5 important factors in Animal Confinement and Housing

Answer 19

Animal Space
Temperature
Ventilation
Flood Conditions
Manure Management

Question 20

What state is Prop 12 located

Answer 20

California

Question 21

Feed additive or implant to increase growth and improve feed efficiency

Answer 21

Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Usage

Question 22

How is Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Usage

Answer 22

Improved efficiency decreases land required and manure production

Question 23

What should you avoid in Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Usage

Answer 23

Illegal levels of tissue residue and strict withdrawl time before animal enter the food chain

Question 24

What are the 2 concern for Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Usage

Answer 24

antibiotic resistance in livestock and human consumption

Question 25

What is the percent of feedlots using growth implants

Answer 25

70 – 80% of all feedlots

Question 26

What does growth implant improve

Answer 26

Average Daily gain Feed efficiency

Question 27

How much Average Daily Gain is improved when using growth implants

Answer 27

5-15%

Question 28

How much is feed efficiency improved

Answer 28

5-10%

Question 29

How much estrogen residue is found in 1 lb of implanted beef and 1 lb of non-implanted and ice cream

Answer 29

11ng 8ng 3000 ng

Question 30

The amount of estrogen in 1 lb. of implanted beef is negligible compared to the amount of estrogen produced by humans every day.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Repartitioning agents: shift nutrients from fat deposition to lean tissue deposition

Answer 31

Beta-agonists

Question 32

What is Optaflexx

Answer 32

Beta-Agonists in cattle

Question 33

What is Paylean

Answer 33

Beta-Agonist in Swine

Question 34

Is Paylean banned or approved in the US consumption

Answer 34

Approved

Question 35

Is Paylean banned or approved in International Markets

Answer 35

Banned

Question 36

What is the Concern of Beta-Agonists

Answer 36

residue left in meat that humans consume.