Final: French

Question 1

What are your differentials for a cow presenting with hypersalivation, coughing/retching, extended head and neck, and a protruding tongue?

Answer 1

Esophageal choke

Pharyneal trauma

Rabies

Question 2

What lung fields are typically affected by aspiration pneumonia?

Answer 2

Cranioventral

Question 3

What size trochar would you use to decompress a rumen?

Answer 3

8 - 10 G

Question 4

What tissue layer is absent in the esophagus?

Answer 4

Serosa

So it lacks a holding layer

Question 5

What procedure can you do to immediately relieve chronic bloat (type I vagal indigestion) as well as bypass the esophagus for feeding post-esophagostomy?

Answer 5

Temporary rumen fistula

Question 6

What surgery is indicated for reticular abscesses and type II vagal indigestion?

Answer 6

Rumenotomy

Question 7

What pattern is used to suture the rumen to the skin in a rumenotomy?

Answer 7

Cushing

Question 8

What diagnostic would reveal whether a rumenotomy is indicated?

Answer 8

Rumen chloride

Super high -> sx indicated

Question 9

What do tachycardia, muffled heart sounds, and a washing machine murmur indicate?

Answer 9

Traumatic reticulopecarditis

Question 10

What antibiotic is used to treat traumatic pericarditis in cattle?

Answer 10

Oxytetracyline

Question 11

What antibiotic is used to treat Trueperella pyogenes in cattle?

Answer 11

Procaine Penicillin G

Question 12

What plants can cause cleft palate in cattle?

Answer 12

Poison hemlock

Nicotiana spp.

Question 13

With which other diseases are assocated with cleft palate?

Answer 13

Orthopedic diseases

Question 14

What shape of incision do you make when removing a portion of damaged tongue?

Answer 14

Triangular

Question 15

How do you prevent intersucking?

Answer 15

Nose ring

Pierced better than pinch-on

Question 16

How do you repair nose ring dehiscence?

Sx prep, suture pattern, suture removal

Answer 16

Debride area

Bilateral blocks at infraorbital foramina

Figure-8 suture pattern

Preplaced mattress sutures

Remove sutures in 10-14 days

Question 17

What is the causative agent of Lumpy Jaw?

Answer 17

• Actinomyces bovis*
• Gram + filamentous, sulphur granules*

Question 18

Which nerves innervate the horns? Which vessels must you be aware of when dehorning?

Answer 18

Cornual and Branch of the zygmaticotemporal nerve

Cornual artery, branch of the superficial temporal atery (which branches dorsal and ventral at the horn)

Question 19

How long is the meat withholding time for the NSAID used post-dehorning? What NSAID is this?

Answer 19

21 days

Meloxicam

Question 20

How much haired skin must you remove at the base of the horn when using a Barnes dehorner?

Answer 20

1cm (ring)

Question 21

How is the horn removed in costmetic dehorning?

Answer 21

Gigli wire

Question 22

What do you need to block when dehorning a goat?

Answer 22

Cornual branches:

Infratrochlear (SQ over orbit) and Lacrimal (half way between eye and horn)

Question 23

Which sinus is most commonly affected after dehorning? Which agent, related to the dehorning, is commonly the cause of sinusitis?

Answer 23

Frontal sinus

Trueperella pyogenes

Question 24

What is the most common agent involved in sinusitis not related to dehorning?

Answer 24

Pasteurella multocida

Question 25

What clinical signs would change the prognosis of a ruminant with sinusitis from good to poor?

Answer 25

CNS signs

Question 26

What is the medical management for arytenoid chondritis?

Answer 26

Sodium iodide

Question 27

When performing a laryngotomy, how many rings are incised?

Answer 27

Three ## Footnote *Plus the cricoid*

Question 28

Where do you make the incision for a tracheostomy?

Answer 28

At junction of cranial and middle third of the neck

Question 29

It is important never to transect more than \_\_\_\_% of the diameter of the trachea when performing a tracheotomy.

Answer 29

50

Question 30

When debriding a sole abscess, proud flesh must be removed so that the _____ is flush with the sole.

Answer 30

Corium

Question 31

When blocking a healthy trimmed claw, how long do you want that block to stay on? What material is preferred?

Answer 31

4-6 weeks Oak (hardwood)

Question 32

T/F: Plastic blocks will fall off over time but sometimes this occurs too soon.

Answer 32

False, last for several months and must be removed

Question 33

Which claw is most often affeced by a vertical fissure or sandcrack?

Answer 33

Front lateral ## Footnote *Fat old cows*

Question 34

When debriding a sandcrack, a dremel tool is used to undermine what parts of the hoof in relation to the crack?

Answer 34

Axially and abaxially (dove-tail) ## Footnote *Then "hoof laces"*

Question 35

What can be incorporated into epoxy, acting as an anti-infective agent?

Answer 35

Copper sulfate

Question 36

What are corns?

Answer 36

Interdigital hyperplasia Fibrous mass between the digits

Question 37

Why are males more affected by corns that females?

Answer 37

They are larger and so more strain on the cruciate ligament between the claws

Question 38

What is indicated for corn treatment? a. General anesthesia b. Sedation c. IV block

Answer 38

c. IV block

Question 39

What can be done to prevent corns?

Answer 39

Improved hygiene Hoof trimming

Question 40

In which direction does the solar surface face with corkscrew claw? Which claw is most commonly affected?

Answer 40

Axially Rear lateral

Question 41

Which structures do you drill through when performing an ankylosis of the distal interphalangeal joint?

Answer 41

Heel corium Digital cushion P2-P3 junction Coronary horn Perioplic horn

Question 42

What must you do before using gigli wire to amputate a toe?

Answer 42

Incise skin

Question 43

What is the most common cause of cranial cruciate rupture in beef bulls?

Answer 43

DJD associated with post-legged conformation

Question 44

What is typically the cause of cranial cruciate rupture in dairy cattle?

Answer 44

Acute injury followed by chronic progressive DJD

Question 45

What can be done to treat a cranial cruciate rupture?

Answer 45

Lateral joint imbrication