Final Lab

Question 1

Mitosis and cytokinesis are often referred to collectively as “cellular division” why are they more accurately called cellular division?

Answer 1

Because the DNA in the chromosomes are duplicated

Question 2

Does the cell cycle have a beginning and an end?

Answer 2

No because they repeat

Question 3

Mitosis interphase

Answer 3

Chromosomes replicated

Question 4

Mitosis prophase

Answer 4

Sister chromatids condense and spindle starts to form nuclear membrane begins to dissociate into vesicles

Question 5

Mitosis prometaphase

Answer 5

Nuclear membrane has completely dissociated into vesicles and the spindle is fully formed. Sister chromatids attach to spindle via kinetochore microtubules

Question 6

Mitosis metaphase

Answer 6

Sister chromatids align along the metaphase plate

Question 7

Mitosis anaphase

Answer 7

Sister chromatids separate and individual chromosomes move toward poles as kinetochore microtubules shorten. Polar microtubules lengthen and push poles apart

Question 8

Mitosis telophase and cytokinesis

Answer 8

Chromosomes decondense and nuclear membranes re-form. Clevage furrow separates the 2 cells

Question 9

If a nucleus has eight chromosomes during interphase, how many chromosomes does it have during metaphase?

Answer 9

Eight

Question 10

If a nucleus has eight chromosomes during interphase how many does it have after mitosis is complete

Answer 10

Eight in each cell

Question 11

Why would we choose embryonic mass of cells to study stages of mitosis

Answer 11

Because embryonic cells undergo rapid cell divisions

Question 12

Which stage of mitosis most often associated with the beginning of cytokinesis

Answer 12

Late anaphase

Question 13

What region of a riot has the most mitotic activity

Answer 13

The tips because of rapid cell division

Question 14

How does cytokinesis differ in plants versus animal cells

Answer 14

Plant cell- cell plate is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle apparatus
Animal cell-begins on the periphery of the cell and pinches inward

Question 15

Why is pinching of the cytoplasm inadequate for cytokinesis in plant cells

Answer 15

Plant cells need cell walls so if the cell pinches off there would be 2 cells in one cell wall

Question 16

What is a cell plate and in what stage of mitosis does it form

Answer 16

Cell divider that is the beginning stage of a new cell wall forms in telophase

Question 17

Why would shuffling genetic material to produce new combinations of characteristics be advantageous to a species

Answer 17

The offspring in this species will be more genetically diverse and may be more able to adopt changing environments

Question 18

Synopsis occurs after chromosomal DNA has replicated how many chromatids are involved in crossing over of a homologous pair of chromosomes

Answer 18

4

Question 19

Major differences between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 19

Meiosis has 2 cell divisions and is vital for sexual reproduction

Question 20

If a nucleus eight chromosomes when it begins meiosis how many does it have after telophase 1 and 2

Answer 20

4 and 4

Question 21

Prophase one

Answer 21

Homo Logus chromosomes synapse to form bivalents and crossing over occurs chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane begins to fragment

Question 22

Prometaphase one

Answer 22

Nuclear membrane completely fragments and bivalents become attached to Kinetochore microtubules

Question 23

Metaphase one

Answer 23

Bivalents A line along the metaphase plate

Question 24

Anaphase one

Answer 24

Homologous chromosomes separate and move toward opposite poles

Question 25

Tele phase 1 and cytokinesis

Answer 25

Nuclear membranes reform and the chromosomes decondense the two cells are separated by a cleavage furrow

Question 26

Prophase two

Answer 26

Sister chromatids condense and the spindle starts to form nuclear membrane begins to fragment

Question 27

Prometaphase two

Answer 27

Nuclear membrane completely fragments sister chromatids attached to spindle via Kinetochore microtubules

Question 28

Metaphase two

Answer 28

Sister chromatids align along the metaphase plate

Question 29

Anaphase two

Answer 29

Sister chromatids separate and individual chromosomes move toward poles as kinetochore microtubules shorten polar microtubules lengthen and push poles apart

Question 30

Telophase two and cytokinesis

Answer 30

Chromosomes decondense and nuclear membranes re-form clevage furrow separates the 2 cells into 4 cells

Question 31

Purpose of mitosis

Answer 31

Increase number of cells manage cells growth and asexual reproduction

Question 32

Purpose of meiosis

Answer 32

Reduce diploid cells produce egg and sperm cells

Question 33

Number of cells produced in mitosis

Answer 33

Two haploid

Question 34

Number of cells produced in meiosis

Answer 34

Four haploid

Question 35

Number of nuclear divisions in mitosis

Answer 35

One

Question 36

Number of nuclear divisions in meiosis

Answer 36

Two

Question 37

Haploid or diploid of resulting cells mitosis

Answer 37

Dihaploid

Question 38

Haploid or diploid of resulting cells in meiosis

Answer 38

Haploid

Question 39

Mitosis genetically identical cells

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

Genetically identical cells meiosis

Answer 40

No

Question 41

Pairing of homologous mitosis

Answer 41

No

Question 42

Pairing of homologous meiosis

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

Occurrence of crossing over mitosis

Answer 43

No

Question 44

Occurrence of crossing over meiosis

Answer 44

Yes