Final path lab 3 (messed up & added block stuff in the others)

Question 1

(Female) patient shows up with recurrent pain in the right hypochondriac region. Barium x-ray is done, or endoscopy is done, which shows mass in gallbladder or stomach. Patient says they have a burning sensation during digestion. This is because there are pancreatic enzymes in the stomach. There is no further action that needs to take place. What’s the condition?

Answer 1

Choristoma

(Different organ cells within the tissue)

COMMOLY FOUND IN EYE, GALLBLADDER, STOMACH

Question 2

Describe the condition?

Answer 2

Choristoma (Gall bladder mucosa with Pancreatic lobules)

Question 3

Describe the condition

Answer 3

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

1) Mucocutaneous hyperpigmented lesions that disappear with time
2) gastric hamartomatous polyps

Question 4

Describe the condition

Answer 4

Pulmonary hamartoma
- coin lesion
- popcorn calcifications
- nodules with hyalin and adipose foci
- most common benign lung tumor
- SOB, minimal respiratory problems & lung nodule
- Biopsy shows mixed pale immature myxomatous tissue

Question 5

Describe the condition’s features

Answer 5

Pulmonary hamartoma
- coin lesion
- popcorn calcifications
- nodules with hyalin and adipose foci
- most common benign lung tumor
- SOB, minimal respiratory problems & lung nodule
- Biopsy shows mixed pale immature myxomatous tissue

Question 6

• coin lesion
• popcorn calcifications
• nodules with hyalin and adipose foci
• most common benign lung tumor
• SOB, minimal respiratory problems & lung nodule
• Biopsy shows mixed pale immature myxomatous tissue

Answer 6

Pulmonary hamartoma

Question 7

1) Mucocutaneous hyperpigmented lesions that disappear with time
2) gastric hamartomatous polyps

Answer 7

peutz-jeghers syndrome

Question 8

Describe the condition

Answer 8

Hirchsprungs disease

Intraluminal air

Question 9

Intraluminal air

Answer 9

Hirchsprungs disease

Question 10

Describe the condition

Answer 10

Necrotizing enterocolitis

1) Hemorrhagic necrosis from submucosa to the muscular wall
2) disintegrated vili
3) air trapped in-between the submucosa (rings)

Question 11

Describe the condition

Answer 11

Lymphangioma

1) persist
2) due to cystic of cavernous dilation
3) benign malformations of lymphatics
4) can cause testicular atrophy
5) SAME ORGAN CELLS IN THE TISSUE

Question 12

1) persist
2) due to cystic of cavernous dilation
3) benign malformations of lymphatics
4) can cause testicular atrophy
5) SAME ORGAN CELLS IN THE TISSUE

Answer 12

Lymphangioma

Question 13

Answer 13

Lymphangioma

1) persist
2) due to cystic of cavernous dilation
3) benign malformations of lymphatics
4) can cause testicular atrophy
5) SAME ORGAN CELLS IN THE TISSUE

Question 14

Describe the features of Von Hippel Lindau

Answer 14

mutated VHL gene leads to increased risk of

1) Phenochromocytomas
2) renal carcinomas
3) retinal angiomas/hemangioblastomas
4) pancreatic cytadenomas
5) neuroendocrine tumors

Question 15

mutated VHL gene leads to increased risk of

1) Phenochromocytomas
2) renal carcinomas
3) retinal angiomas/hemangioblastomas
4) pancreatic cytadenomas
5) neuroendocrine tumors

Answer 15

Von Hippel Lindau

Question 16

Describe the condition

Answer 16

fibroadenoma of the breast

1) small, mobile, encapsulated lump
2) benign adenoma

Question 17

Describe the condition

Answer 17

fibroadenoma of the breast

1) small, mobile, encapsulated lump
2) benign adenoma

Question 18

Biopsy shows well circumscribed, uniformly hypercellular stroma, uniform distribution of glands and stroma. The mammogram shows a mass in the breast, that looks fibrous. Can see fibrous capsule covering benign adenoma, why it’s well demarcated.

Answer 18

fibroadenoma of the breast

1) small, mobile, encapsulated lump
2) benign adenoma

Question 19

Nontender, distorted shape of breast. Well-defined mobile mass. 25 y/o woman comes in and reports a distorted size of one breast.
No risk of developing into breast cancer, but has family Hx of breast cancer

Answer 19

fibroadenoma of the breast

TUMOR GROWS FROM FIBROUS TISSUE

Question 20

Neonate is presented with nasal flaring and grunting. This is due to surfactant deficiency, therefore need cortisol secretion (need to hit baby and starts crying, release of cortisol increased 🡪 Type II pneumocytes are responsible for secreting surfactant

Answer 20

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Question 21

Describe the condition

Answer 21

tumor of the breast

1) leaf-like stroma & capsulated by fibrous tissue

Question 22

Describe the condition

Answer 22

Inflammatory breast cancer

one sided breast enlargement with skin dimpling (peau d’orange)

Question 23

one sided breast enlargement with skin dimpling (peau d’orange)

Answer 23

Inflammatory breast cancer

Question 24

Describe the condition

Answer 24

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma (dermatoid cyst)

1) has all 3 germ layers (ecto, endo, meso) skin, sweat glands, etc)

Question 25

1) has all 3 germ layers (ecto, endo, meso) skin, sweat glands, etc)

Answer 25

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma (dermatoid cyst)

Question 26

Describe the condition

Answer 26

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma (dermatoid cyst) 1) has all 3 germ layers (ecto, endo, meso) skin, sweat glands, etc)

Question 27

Describe the condition

Answer 27

Benign leiomyoma well defined neoplasm

Question 28

well defined neoplasm

Answer 28

Benign leiomyoma

Question 29

Describe the grade of A

Answer 29

Normal stratified squamous epithelium

Question 30

Describe the grade of B

Answer 30

CIN 1 Mild dysplasia nuclear angulation Vacuolization

Question 31

Describe the grade of C

Answer 31

CIN 2 More severe dysplagia (affects more epi layers) Varied size of cells & nuclei Superficial layers may look normal

Question 32

Describe the grade of D

Answer 32

CIN 3 Changes in cell & nuclear size & shape Abnormal mitoses affective all layers of epi

Question 33

Describe

Answer 33

Normal cervix

Question 34

Describe the condition

Answer 34

Cervical cancer Large, dark & irregular shaped nuclei

Question 35

Describe the condition

Answer 35

Necrotizing enterocolitis 1) hemorrhagic necrosis from submucosa to muscular wall 2) abdominal distension 3) bloody stools 4) AIR INBETWEEN THE SUBMUCOSA (RINGS) 5) Disintegrated villi

Question 36

1) hemorrhagic necrosis from submucosa to muscular wall 2) abdominal distension 3) bloody stools 4) AIR INBETWEEN THE SUBMUCOSA (RINGS) 5) Disintegrated villi

Answer 36

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 37

Describe the condition

Answer 37

Hirschsprung's 1) Intraluminal air 2) Hyperactive response to bacteria increasing TLR's 3) Mass in duodenal area

Question 38

1) Intraluminal air 2) Hyperactive response to bacteria increasing TLR's 3) Mass in duodenal area

Answer 38

Hirschsprung's

Question 39

1) leaf-like stroma & capsulated by fibrous tissue

Answer 39

Phyllodes tumor of the breast

Question 40

Describe the condition

Answer 40

Neonatal Respiratory Distress syndrome 1) Eosinophilic hyalin lining the bronchioles, alveolar ducts, & alveoli (necrotic type 2 pneumocytes & fibrin) 2) increase pulmonary vascular permeability 3) leaking plasma into hyaline 4) decreased surfactant 5) GROUND GLASS OPACITIES

Question 41

1) Eosinophilic hyalin lining the bronchioles, alveolar ducts, & alveoli (necrotic type 2 pneumocytes & fibrin) 2) increase pulmonary vascular permeability 3) leaking plasma into hyaline 4) decreased surfactant 5) GROUND GLASS OPACITIES

Answer 41

neonatalrespiratory distress syndrome

Question 42

Describe the condition

Answer 42

Capillary hemangioma 1) Disappear by age 6 2) No stroma in-between BV 3) Face, neck, chest, butt 4) decreased vision (amblyopia) & droopy eye

Question 43

1) Disappear by age 6 2) No stroma in-between BV 3) Face, neck, chest, butt 4) decreased vision (amblyopia) & droopy eye

Answer 43

Capillary hemangioma

Question 44

Describe the features of hemangiomas

Answer 44

Dilated vascular channels filled with alot of RBCs

Question 45

Describe the condition

Answer 45

Cavernous hemangioma 1) Persist 2) STROMA inbetween BV 3) Brain & liver 4) neurodeficits, seizures, speech & memory loss 5) remove with surgery

Question 46

1) Persist 2) STROMA inbetween BV 3) Brain & liver 4) neurodeficits, seizures, speech & memory loss 5) remove with surgery

Answer 46

Cavernous hemangioma