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FINAL REVIEW- Gastrointestinal system Urogenital system Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Actinobacillosis

A

Wooden Tongue in cattle

Granumaltous

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2
Q

Prototheca is a

A

algea

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3
Q

Actinomycosis

A

mainly infects bone

Lumpy jaw- actinmycosis bovis

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4
Q

Calf diptheria

A

throat infection

Fuscobacterium necrophorum

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5
Q

Clostridial entertoxemia

A

Clostirium perfernents

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6
Q

Colibacillosis/Colisepticemia

A

E. coli

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7
Q

Johne’s disease

A

Mycobacterium avian subs psuedotuberculosis

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8
Q

What are the 3 most common GI diseases in sheep and goats?

A

Sheep and goats
Johnes disease

Clostridial Enterotoxemia

Salmonellosis

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9
Q

Edema Disease in pigs

A

Shiga toxin producing E. coli

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10
Q

Porcine Proliferative enteropathy

A

Lawsonia intercelluaris

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11
Q

Swine dysentry

A

Bracyspria hyodystenery

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12
Q

What bacteria is responsible for enterotoxemia in animals?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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13
Q

What is a very common GI disease in horses?

A

Salmonellosis

when horses are under stress, then they get this very easily

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14
Q

Potomac horse fever

A

neorickestesia

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15
Q

Rhodococcus equi

A

foal pnenumonia, but can have severe lymphatdidis and gastrointerositis

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16
Q

Tyzzer’s disease

A

gram negative clostridium

in rodents and sometimes in horses

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17
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

Dogs;

GI

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18
Q

What would you think about in dogs for a chronic hemorragic dirrahea vs actue hemorragic dirrahea

A

Prothecosis- chronic hemorragic dirrahea

Clostridial enteritis- Hemorrage acute diarrhea

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19
Q

When can you get Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile?

A

Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile: Antibiotic induced

diarrheas in horses and rabbits (lincomycin/clindamycin)

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20
Q

Enterotoxemia

A

Clostridium perfringens (types A, B, C, D and E); Enterotoxemia

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21
Q

Salmonella (various serovars) in pigs, cattle, and horses can cause

A

Salmonella (various serovars) in pigs, cattle, and horses can cause chronic enteritis/ colitis

serovar that comes uncooked eggs- salmonella enteristis

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22
Q

Button shaped ulcers

Study These Flashcards
A

Button shaped ulcers due to bacterial toxin induced vasculitis and thrombosis of vessels and focal infarcts

SALMONELLA or Bracyspira or classical swine fever

23
Q

Potomac horse fever in horses

Study These Flashcards
A

Potomac horse fever in horses
Equine monocytic ehrlichiosis,
Neorickettsia risticii infects epithelial cells, macrophages, monocytes Vectors;Snails and flies
Seasonal occurrence (May to September)
Necrotizing enterocolitis

24
Q

What is the target cell for Rickesetia?

Study These Flashcards
A

Endothelium- that’s why they hemorrage

25
Erlichia and Anaplasam
WBC are the targets
26
Salmon poisoning in dogs
Salmon poisoning in dogs Fatal granulomatous enterocolitis in dogs and foxes Ingestion salmon carrying fluke Nanophyetus salmincola infected with Neorickettsia helminthoeca Necrosis of the Lymphoreticular system and hemorrhagic diarrhea
27
Rhodoccocus equi
Rhodoccocus equi enterocolitis and mesenteric lymphadenitis in foals
28
Diagnosis of Enteric Disease
Enteric disease: Fecal sample for culture Adequate amount of samples collected in a screw cap container and shipped to the lab under refrigeration conditions Biopsy and histopathology Fungal serology
29
Why can't you use a red top serum for fecal samples?
it's vacu-sealed!
30
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Fusobacterium necrophorum in cattle; liver abscess
31
What else can cause liver abscesses?
Tuberculosis in cattle; granuloma Bacillary hemoglobinuria, Clostridium hemolyticum
32
Clostridium novyi
Infectious necrotic hepatitis in cattle and cattle ; Black disease, Clostridium novyi(type B) Associated with liver fluke migration
33
Tyzzer’s disease
foals and lab animals; liver abscess
34
What is the best samples to collect for salmonella in food animals?
Gallbladder
35
Camylobactor's characteristic lesion?
Doughnut shaped lesions in the liver
36
Listeriosis hepatisis
ruminants; get infected sepeticemia and hepatitis in very young calves: necrotizing hepatic necrosis
37
are UTI's more common in dogs or cats?
dogs
38
Diagnosis of urinary tract infections
Culture and urine analysis Urine collection by **_cystocentesis,_** Catheterization , Midstream catch Refrigerated/Preserved If transportation is delayed plate in the clinic and send if there is growth Send samples before the initiation of antibiotic therapy. If you already have mention that in the submission form Interpretation of results • Dogs;100,000 (105)CFU of bacteria (single species)/ ml of urine • Cats; \>103 • Always compare results from urine analysis and culture
39
Leptospirosis;
Leptospirosis; Lymphoplasmacytic tubulointerstitial nephritis(Serum chemistry indicating renal failure) like to be in the renal tubules
40
Actinbacillus equuli
sleepy foal disease emoblic nephritis
41
Actinobacillus equuli Embolic nephritis
42
Clostridium perfringens type D
Pulpy kidney disease in sheep-Clostridium perfringens type D in enterotoxemia
43
White spotted kidney
White spotted kidney in calves interstitial nephritis following bacteremia and septicaemia(E.coli)
44
Porcine pyelonephritis
Actinobaculum suis
45
What is the best sample to send in the case of abortion?
fetal abomasal fluid
46
What are the two main pathogens suspected in Uterus; metritis, endometritis, pyometra?
Pyometra in dogs as a result of endometritis and metritis • Cystic endometrial hyperplasia after estrus and growth of bacteria, result in endometritis leading to pyometra • E.coli, Streptococcus
47
How would a dog with Brucellosis present?
- reproductive disorders in a female dog - acute orhcitis in a male dog - general illness and lymphadenopathy - _disconspondylitis or oseomyelitis_ REMEMBER IT"S ZOONOTIC!
48
Brucella can cause
* Abortion * conception failure * (due to embryonic death) * No interference with estrous cycle * Orchitis and epidydymitis * Scrotal dermatitis * Scrotal enlargement or atrophy ADR Lymphadenomegaly Diskospondylitis Osteomyelitis Polyarthritis Meningoencephalitis Wide range of ocular disease
49
Scrotal Dermatis is common indicator of....
Brucella in dogs
50
Canine Brucellosis
* Canine brucellosis is mainly transmitted during breeding. * Nose and mouth contact with vaginal discharge from an infected female. This can occur while the female is in heat, after an abortion, or during whelping. * Brucellosis may also be transmitted through semen or urine and can be shed by intact or neutered males for several years in cases of chronic infection. * Puppies can become infected from their mother during pregnancy by way of the placenta.
51
What do you want to request/do when you get a canine brucellosis diganostic tests?
Serology is key! You want to make sure that you are NOT just testing for Brucella canis because dogs can also get Brucella suis which is from feral swine. • A serum sample free of hemolysis * Send overnight with ice packs * _Request for brucellosis testing_ * Provide complete history • Blood for culture( gold standard test) Serology Tests available Indirect fluorescent antibody test Rapid slide agglutination test Tube agglutination test Agar gel immunodiffusion test
52
Treatment for Brucella
Expensive, as several weeks of antibiotic therapy are required Relapse may occur Spaying/neutering of the dog can reduce transmission risk Treatment is especially difficult in male dogs as the prostate gland and testicle is chronically infected. The only proven method for eradication in kennels is to test all dogs and eliminate the confirmed positives. Tetracycline, Aminoglycosides, Fluoroquinolons 2-4 weeks durations
53
Brucella is a
faculatative intercellular gram negative bacteria- it infects macrophages
54
Public health considerations for Brucella
* Brucella suis strains: Highest virulence * (Select Agent) • B. canis: Low asymptomatic disease Fever chills, fatigue, lymphadenomegaly, weight loss

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