Finals 13 Flashcards
(43 cards)
Group
■ Dyad
■ Triad
■ Small Group
○ the extent to which group members like and trust one another, are committed to accomplishing
a team goal, and share a feeling of group pride
Group Cohesiveness
Factors Affecting Group Performance
● Group Cohesiveness
● Group Homogeneity
● Stability of Membership
● Isolation
● Outside Pressure
● Group Size
● Social Loafing
● Groupthink
● Group Polarization
● Teams
● Self-directed Teams
● Virtual Teams
● Project Teams
● Management Teams
● Production Team
● Service Teams
○ extent to which its members are similar
Group Homogeneity
○ extent to which its members are similar
Group Homogeneity
○ The greater this, the greater the cohesiveness.
○ groups in which members remain for long periods of time are more cohesive and perform
better than groups that have high turnover,
Stability of Membership
○ another variable that tends to increase a group’s cohesiveness.
Isolation
○ Groups that are pressured by outside forces also tend to become highly cohesive.
Outside Pressure
○ Groups are most cohesive and perform best when group size is small
Group Size
Group Size
Additive Tasks
Conjunctive Tasks
Disjunctive Tasks
- group’s performance is equal to the sum of the performances by each
group member
Additive Tasks
- group performance depends on the least effective group member (a
chain is only as strong as its weakest link)
Conjunctive Tasks
- group’s performance is based on the most talented group member.
Disjunctive Tasks
○ considers the effect on individual performance when people work together on a task
Social Loafing
Social Loafing
Free Rider
Sukcker Effect
■ when things are going well, a group member realizes that his effort is not necessary and
thus does not work as hard as he would if he were alone
Free Rider
■ social loafing occurs when a group member notices that other group members are not
working hard and thus are “playing him for a sucker.
Sukcker Effect
○ members become so cohesive and like-minded that they make poor decisions despite
contrary information that might reasonably lead them to other options
Groupthink
○ group members will shift their beliefs to a more extreme version of what they already believe
individually
Group Polarization
○ work best in situations in which (a) the job requires high levels of employee interaction
Teams
teams whose members are organized around work processes that complete an entire piece of
work requiring several interdependent tasks and have substantial autonomy over the
execution of those tasks
Self-directed Teams
○ teams whose members operate across space, time, and organizational boundaries and are
linked through information technologies to achieve organizational tasks
Virtual Teams
○ formed to produce one-time outputs such as creating a new product, installing a new software
system, or hiring a new employee.
Project Teams
○ coordinate, manage, advice, and direct employees and teams.
Management Teams
