Finals

Question 0

pH

Answer 0

The level of H+ and OH-

Depending if it takes excess ions or not makesit acid, base, or neutral solvent.

Question 1

Radioisotope

Answer 1

Radioactive isotopes, Nuclei release particles and/or energy

Question 2

Hydrolysis

Answer 2

Separating monomers by water

Question 3

Saturated vs unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 3

Saturated is more dense and solid at room temp

Unsaturated is less dense and at room temp it turns into liquid

Question 4

Covalent bond

Answer 4

Electrons are shared between two or more atoms

Question 5

Ionic bonds

Answer 5

Electrons are transferred from one atom/molecule to another

Question 6

Hydrogen bond

Answer 6

Like covalent bond, they share electron within on the outer shell

Question 7

Scientific method

Answer 7

Method of finding/proof of new science

Observe > hypothesis > experiment/observe > hypothesis (matching it) > conclusion

Question 8

Negative control

Answer 8

The subject/unit that has no treatment, then compared to subject/unit that was treated to see effect of new experiment

Question 9

Diffusion

Answer 9

Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration; it requires no energy and stop when distribution is equal.

Question 10

Cartilage

Answer 10

Specialized connective tissue between bones of joints, structural support of nose, ears; lacks blood vessels and nerves so healing slower.

Question 11

Pulmonary vs. systemic circuits

Answer 11

Pulmonary flows through the lungs as systemic flows through out the veins and arteries in the body.

Question 12

Inductive vs. deductive reasoning

Answer 12

Inductive : study few/many cases and come to general conclusion

Deduction : starts off with general principle we already know and applying it

Question 13

Fermentation

Answer 13

2 ATP - lactate in muscles when oxygen is low

- too much lactate is bad

Question 14

Melanoma

Answer 14

Cancer in the skin die to huh. Radiation exposure

Question 15

Negative feedback

Answer 15

When on going change occurs

Question 16

Systole vs diastole

Answer 16

Systole is the measurement when heart/blood flow is contracting

Diastole is the measurement when heart beat/ blood flow is relaxed.

Question 17

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Answer 17

Mother is RH- and father is RH+, newborn may be RH+. Placenta with RH+ cells may leak into mother causing mother to produce antibodies for RH+. Antibodies may transfer into placenta destroying it’s RBCs, killing the newborn

Question 18

Fibrinogen vs. fibrin

Answer 18

Fibrinogen is inactive. Activated by thrombin into fibrin. Fibrin creates a net to produce blood clots.

Question 19

Complement

Answer 19

Protein cells comes from the liver that forms a nonspecific defense mechanism against a microbe invasion; it complements the antigen - antibody reaction

Question 20

Inflammation

Answer 20

Metabolic rate increases causing heat. Plasma moves to damage location. Histamine activates warning the body of possible attack. Pus created- a collection of dead pathogen

Question 21

Monoclonal antibody

Answer 21

B cells that creates antibodies fused together with cancerous cells

Question 22

Lumen

Answer 22

The space within the GI tract which allows for transport of various substances

Question 23

Intercostal muscles

Answer 23

Helps with mechanics of breathing. Muscles located between ribs in the rib cages. Helps with contraction and rest of diaphragm

Question 24

Surfactant

Answer 24

Chemical that keeps water from sticking to itself. Helps keep the lungs inflates so we don't suffocate to death.

Question 25

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 25

Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary that increases the permeability of the collecting ducts in a kidney. Helps urine elimination

Question 26

Erythropoietin

Answer 26

Produces more rbc's > more ATP

Question 27

Meninges

Answer 27

Protective layers (3) around the brain and spinal cord

Question 28

Schwan cell

Answer 28

Outer layer of an axon - protects the axon

Question 29

Refractory period

Answer 29

The period after action potential - does not allow another impulse to pass through axon. All gates are closed.

Question 30

Referred pain

Answer 30

Pain received as having come from a site other than that of its actual origin

Question 31

Negative vs. positive feedback

Answer 31

Negative - response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus - maintain homeostasis Positive - stimulus initiates reactions that lead to an increase in the stimulus - does not maintain homeostasis

Question 32

Menstruation

Answer 32

Loss of blood and tissue from the uterus at the end of a uterine cycle.

Question 33

Blastocyst

Answer 33

Early stage of human embryonic development that consists of a hollow fluid-filled ball of cells.

Question 34

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 34

Hormones produced by the chorion that functions to maintain the uterine lining.

Question 35

Mesoderm

Answer 35

Middle layer of the embryonic germ later