FINALS - PART 3

Question 1

Hsu et al. (2008) and various other authors regard “_____” as the where, how, by whom, and through what means such information is distributed and made available in the marketplace.

Answer 1

PLACE

Question 2

is the “place” aspect of a company’s marketing mix. It provides an adequate framework for making a company’s products or services available to the consumer (Hudson 2008).

Answer 2

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Question 3

are often used to move the customer to the product

Answer 3

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Question 4

There is growth in both local and international competitors. Tourism products and destinations cannot just wait for people to come; they should be able to invite them to come.

Answer 4

COMPETITION

Question 5

With ___________ and the growth of foreign partnerships, systematic distribution networks need to be developed to enhance competitiveness in the global arena

Answer 5

globalization

Question 6

The growth of technology has given rise to international reservation systems that give consumers better access to travel products and services.

Answer 6

Electronic Distribution Techniques

Question 7

The concern on tourism product’s perishability availability of distribution channels. may be addressed by providing easier access to its purchase through the availability of distribution channels

Answer 7

perishability of the product

Question 8

is a delivery arrangement used by a supplier, carrier, or destination marketing organization

Answer 8

distribution channel

Question 9

are those the company uses on its own without the assistance of independent intermediaries.

Answer 9

Direct distribution channels

Question 10

of distribution is one where the supplier (destination, airline, hotel, etc.) communicates directly with the customer.

Answer 10

direct system

Question 11

uses the assistance of independent intermediaries to distribute its products

Answer 11

indirect distribution channel

Question 12

Distribution channels are exposed to information about what the market needs and wants. They can gather marketing research and intelligence information about the marketing environment.

Answer 12

information

Question 13

Distribution channels help in developing and spreading persuasive communications about a company’s current offer

Answer 13

PROMOTIONS

Question 14

Distribution channels are the company’s link to finding and communicating with prospective and current buyers.

Answer 14

CONTACT

Question 15

Distribution channels know what the product can do and what the buyer needs; hence, they can shape and fit the offer to those needs.

Answer 15

MATCHING

Question 16

Distribution channels represent the company to the consumer during negotiation. Hence, they are equipped to settle on pricing and other terms of purchase and acquisition of products and services.

Answer 16

NEGOTIATION

Question 17

Distribution channels handle the physical transport of goods and services to consumers.

Answer 17

PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION

Question 18

The capital outlay of distribution channels should cover the costs involved in the actual distribution of the products. Channel work entails resources to pursue it effectively.

Answer 18

FINANCING

Question 19

are types of indirect distribution channels that are independent organizations that help distribute products and services

Answer 19

MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES

Question 20

These are the most widely used marketing intermediary in the tourism industry (though the Internet is now becoming vastly popular as well). _______ offer a wide array of products and services from transportation to accommodations and tour packages.

Answer 20

TRAVEL AGENTS/RETAILERS

Question 21

These are organizations that offer packaged vacation tours to the general public, targeting the leisure market. The tour package includes transportation and accommodation as well as meals, ground transportation, entertainment, and activities. Some tourist markets find such products too stiff and inflexible.

Answer 21

TOUR OPERATORS/WHOLESALERS

Question 22

are organizations that focus on one or more functions of the distribution system. Examples of such tour specialists are educational tour specialists who focus on schools, colleges, and universities and serve educational field trips.

Answer 22

TRAVEL SPECIALISTS

Question 23

National, regional, and local tourism agencies or offices are an excellent way to spread information to the market and gain bookings. They usually market their locality to tourists and carry with them the different establishments, properties, and attractions within their territory. Local tourism offices on the provincial and municipal levels help promote local hotels, restaurants, and activities in the area. Promotional videos and general information brochures are also made by the National Tourism Organizations.

Answer 23

GOVERNMENT TOURIST ASSOCIATIONS

Question 24

A consortium is a group of hospitality organizations that are allied for the mutual benefit of the members (Kotler et al. 2017). It allows a property to be independent in ownership and management while gaining advantages of group marketing.

Answer 24

CONSORTIA

Question 25

are entities that provide a central reservation system for hotels. They provide the system for small chains by providing overseas reservation services through a local number.

Answer 25

RESERVATION SYSTEMS

Question 26

such as Amadeus and Galileo are computerized reservation systems that serve as product catalogs for travel agents and other distributors. These agencies are linked to a reservation system through a terminal.

Answer 26

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Question 27

The hotel front office staff are usually the most frequently asked hotel employees about the nearest restaurants, shopping malls, or attractions.

Answer 27

CONCIERGES

Question 28

conduct their business in the virtual world, with no physical location or stores to entertain clients

Answer 28

ONLINE TRAVEL AGENCIES

Question 29

Companies such as Airbnb, Grab, and Uber allow individuals to share their homes, lodging, transportation, etc. with others (Kotler et al. 2017). With the help of computer applications, individuals with extra homes can play host to tourists or local drivers can use their own vehicles to drive for others. The sharing economy has also broadened its services into food delivery.

Answer 29

Distribution Systems in the Sharing Economy

Question 30

Since restaurants produce a tangible product, it can be delivered to the customer upon request. It can also be picked up through accessible drive-through windows for take-out. Food trucks and food kiosks are a recent development that makes food more accessible and mobile, suitable for events, festivals, and parks

Answer 30

Restaurant Distribution Channels

Question 31

is the direct marketing channel where there is no intermediary level; the manufacturer directly sells to the consumer.

Answer 31

CHANNEL 1

Question 32

is where the manufacturer passes on the product or service to a retailer who sells it to the end consumer.

Answer 32

CHANNEL 2

Question 33

contains two levels where the goods pass through a wholesaler and retailer before reaching the consumer.

Answer 33

CHANNEL 3

Question 34

contains three levels: wholesaler, jobber, and retailer. A jobber sells to small retailers who are not normally serviced by large wholesalers.

Answer 34

CHANNEL 4

Question 35

may arise between channel members when one member of the distribution system perceives another to be engaged in behavior that may hinder the other members from achieving their goals. These conflicts may either be horizontal or vertical.

Answer 35

CONFLICT

Question 36

arises within the same level of the distribution channel

Answer 36

HORIZONTAL CONFLICT

Question 37

ensues between members at different levels of the same distribution channel

Answer 37

VERTICAL CONFLICT

Question 38

One of the most important aspects of distribution is _______.

Answer 38

LOCATION

Question 39

is a method of doing business by which a franchisee is granted the right to engage in offering, selling, or distributing goods or services under a marketing format that is designed by the franchisor

Answer 39

FRANCHISING

Question 40

is an authorization granted to someone to sell or distribute a company's goods and services in a certain area or a business established or operated under such authorization

Answer 40

FRANCHISE AGREEMENT

Question 41

is an organization or person that purchases a brand name to distribute a Product or a service. A franchisor is the parent company of a franchising distribution network

Answer 41

FRANCHISEE

Question 42

has been a fast-growing retailing form of business in recent years.

Answer 42

FRANCHISING

Question 43

lends its name, brand, and reputation to the franchisee. In addition to name affiliation, franchise agreements should provide franchisees with traditional support services such as technical knowledge, managerial expertise, marketing support, financial support, safeguards for the business, auditing, reservation system, and sales support.

Answer 43

FRANCHISOR

Question 44

provides a management handbook of its standard operating procedure so that franchisees no longer need to reinvent the wheel. The business has already ironed out its quirks and is able to replicate the business-like clockwork in several outlets or branches in different geographic locations.

Answer 44

FRANCHISOR

Question 45

needs to read the fine print in the franchise agreement to ensure that all his/her expectations are leveled off. It is important for both parties to understand the legal implications of the terms and conditions of the contract and to ensure that the relationship of the two parties will be a successful one.

Answer 45

FRANCHISEE

Question 46

need to screen prospective franchisees to determine that the franchisee has the relevant experience, financial capability, and motivational drive to succeed in the business.

Answer 46

FRANCHISORS

Question 47

An arrangement between two companies that have decided to share resources to undertake a specific, mutually beneficial project.

Answer 47

STRATEGIC ALLIANCES

Question 48

alliance is less involved and less permanent than a joint venture, in which two companies typically pool resources to create a separate business entity

Answer 48

STRATEGIC ALLIANCE

Question 49

is an easy way for consumers to have food conveniently brought to where they are.

Answer 49

DELIVERY SYSTEM

Question 50

first launched in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2016. It came to the Philippines in 2018.

Answer 50

GRABFOOD PHILIPPINES

Question 51

originated as a transport service and delivery application called Lalamove. Lalamove originated in Hong Kong in 2013 as Easy Van, and a year after it has expanded to its neighbor countries in Southeast Asia, such as Taiwan, Singapore, and Thailand. It reached the Philippines in 2016

Answer 51

LalaFood

Question 52

is a locally based company, launched only on March 25, 2020, in the middle of the ECQ period.

Answer 52

Angkas Food

Question 53

is a global mobile and online food ordering and delivery service that currently operates in over 40 countries, with headquarters in Berlin, Germany. This online food delivery application came to the Philippines in June 2014

Answer 53

FoodPand

Question 54

provide an adequate framework for making a company's products and services available to the consumer

Answer 54

Distribution systems

Question 55

are a set of independent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available to the consumer.

Answer 55

Distribution channels

Question 56

is a great way to gain greater distribution while maintaining independence.

Answer 56

STRATEGIC ALLIANCE