Flashcards in Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance Deck (50)
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1
water that contains dissolved or suspended substances such as glucose, mineral salts, and proteins
fluid
2
outside the cells
extracellular fluid
3
inside the cells
intracellular fluid
4
divisions of the ECF
intravascular fluid and interstitial fluid (major divisions) and transcellular fluid (minor division)
5
liquid portion of the blood
intravascular fluid
6
located between the cells and outside the blood vessels
interstitial fluid
7
secreted by the epithelial cells
transcellular fluid
8
compound that separates into ions when it dissolves in water
electrolytes
9
measure of the number of particles per kilogram of water
osmolality
10
fluid with the same concentration of non permeant particles as normal blood
isotonic
11
solution is more dilute than the blood
hypotonic
12
solution is more concentrated than normal blood
hypertonic
13
requires energy in the form of ATP to move electrolytes across cell membranes against the concentration gradient
active transport
14
passive movement of electrolytes or other particles down the concentration gradient
diffusion
15
a process by which water moves through a membrane that separates fluids with different particle concentrations
osmosis
16
movement across a membrane, under pressure, from higher to lower pressure
filtration
17
the force of the fluid pressing outward against a surface
hydrostatic pressure
18
an inward-pulling force caused by blood proteins that helps move fluid from the interstitial area back into capillaries
colloid osmotic pressure (oncotic pressure)
19
three processes of fluid homeostasis
fluid intake and absorption, fluid distribution, and fluid output
20
4 organs that fluid output occurs through
skin, lungs, GI tract, and kidneys
21
regulates the osmolality of the body fluids by influencing how much water is excreted in urine
ADH
22
disturbances of the amount of fluid in the extracellular compartment
volume imbalances
23
disturbances of the concentration of body fluids
osmolality imbalances
24
present when there is insufficient isotonic fluid in the extracellular compartment
ECV deficit (hypovolemia)
25
occurs when there is too much isotonic fluid in the extracellular compartment
ECV excess
26
water deficit, body fluids are too concentrated
hypernatremia
27
water excess or water intoxication, body fluids are too diluted
hyponatremia
28
decreased urine output
oliguria
29
Na+
135-145 mEq/L
30
