Focus On Vocabulary (1) Flashcards

Question

philosophy

Answer 1

philosophy [fiˈlosəfi]– plural phiˈlosophies – ♦ noun 1 the search for knowledge and truth, especially about the nature of man and his behaviour and beliefs: moral philosophy. فلسفه 2 a particular system of philosophical theories: I have a very simple philosophy (=attitude to life) – enjoy life! اصول کلی phiˈlosopher ♦ noun a person who studies philosophy, especially one who develops a particular set of theories: Rousseau was a famous philosopher. فیلسوف ˌphiloˈsophical, *ˌphiloˈsophic [-ˈso-] ♦ adjective 1 of philosophy: a philosophical discussion; philosophical works. فلسفی 2 (of a person) calm, not easily upset or worried: He's had a lot of bad luck, but he's philosophical about it. خونسرد؛ آرام ˌphiloˈsophically ♦ adverb از نظر فلسفه؛ فیلسوفانه phiˈlosophize, *phiˈlosophise ♦ verb to think about or discuss the nature of man, the purpose of life etc : He spends all his time philosophizing and never does any work. فلسفه پردازی کردن

Answer 2

restaurant [ˈrestront, (American) -tərənt] ♦ noun a place where meals may be bought and eaten. رستوران ˈrestaurant-car ♦ noun a carriage on a train in which meals are served to travellers. ماشین رستورانی

Answer 3

review [rəˈvjuː] ♦ noun 1 a written report on a book, play etc giving the writer's opinion of it. نقد 2 an inspection of troops etc . سان بینی؛ بازدید 3 (American ) revision; studying or going over one's notes: I have just enough time for a quick review of my speech; I made a quick review of my notes before the test. مرور ♦ verb 1 to make or have a review of: The book was reviewed in yesterday's paper; The Queen reviewed the troops. سان دیدن؛ مورد بازدید قرار دادن 2 to reconsider: We'll review the situation at the end of the month. از مد نظر گذراندن؛ بازنگری کردن 3 (American ) to revise; to go over one's notes, lessons etc in preparation for an examination: I have to review (my notes) for the test tomorrow. باز نویسی کردن؛ بازبینی کردن reˈviewer ♦ noun a person who reviews books etc : Who was the reviewer of the biography of Churchill? منتقد ادبی؛ بازبین گر

Answer 4

steak [steik] ♦ noun a slice of meat (usually beef) or fish (often cod) for eg frying or stewing: a piece of steak; two cod steaks. استيك گوشت قرمز

Answer 5

therapy [ˈθerəpi] ♦ noun the (methods of) treatment of disease, disorders of the body etc : speech therapy; physiotherapy. درمان؛ معالجه ˈtherapist ♦ noun درمان شناس therapeutic [θerəˈpjuːtik] ♦ adjective of or concerning the healing and curing of disease: therapeutic treatment/exercises. درمانی

Answer 6

thrill [θril] ♦ verb to (cause someone to) feel excitement: She was thrilled at/by the invitation. ذوق زده شدن یا کردن ♦ noun 1 an excited feeling: a thrill of pleasure/expectation. شور و شعف 2 something which causes this feeling: Meeting the Queen was a great thrill. هر چیز شور انگیز ˈthriller ♦ noun an exciting novel or play, usually about crime, detectives etc : I always take a thriller to read on the train. رمان یا نمایشنامه مهیج ˈthrilling ♦ adjective exciting. هیجان انگیز

Answer 7

astonishing

Answer 8

``` اشتیاق عطش هوس میل وافر آرزوی زیاد ویار ``` مشتاق؛ مایل

Answer 9

حالت؛ رفتار؛ ادب

Answer 10

تیره ‌و تار گمنام غیرقابل درک

Answer 11

گام؛ سرعت پیشرفت | قدم زدن

Answer 12

discipline

Answer 13

instinctively

Answer 14

intervention

Answer 15

absorb [əbˈzoːb] ♦ verb 1 to soak up: The cloth absorbed the ink I had spilled. جذب کردن 2 to take up the whole attention of (a person): He was completely absorbed in his book. مجذوب کردن abˈsorbent ♦ adjective able to soak up: absorbent paper. جذب کننده abˈsorption [-ˈzoːp-] ♦ noun مجذوبیت؛ ربایش

Answer 16

ache [eik] ♦ noun a continuous pain: I have an ache in my stomach. درد مداوم ♦ verb 1 to be in continuous pain: My tooth aches. درد کردن 2 to have a great desire: I was aching to tell him the news. اشتیاق داشتن

Answer 17

Noun 1. a feeling of delight at being entertained 2. a diversion that holds the attention سرگرمی تفریح لذت

Answer 18

verb 1 to bring face to face with: He was confronted with the evidence of his crime. رو در رو شدن؛ مواجه کردن با 2 to face in a hostile manner; to oppose: They confronted the enemy at dawn. مقابله کردن؛ رو در رو شدن ˌconfronˈtation [kon-] ♦ noun رو در رویی؛ مقابله

Answer 19

Adjective 1. affected with madness or insanity; "a man who had gone mad" 2. having the attention diverted especially because of anxiety پریشان

Answer 20

♦ noun 1 a heap of something driven together, especially snow: His car stuck in a snowdrift. توده؛ پشته 2 the direction in which something is going; the general meaning: I couldn't hear you clearly, but I did catch the drift of what you said. مفهوم سخن ♦ verb 1 to (cause to) float or be blown along: Sand drifted across the road; The boat drifted down the river. به حرکت درآمدن 2 (of people) to wander or live aimlessly: She drifted from job to job. سرگردان بودن ˈdrifter ♦ noun 1 a fishing-boat that uses a net which floats near the surface of the water. قایق ماهیگیری 2 a person who drifts. آدم سرگردان ˈdriftwood ♦ noun wood floating on or cast up on the shore by the sea: We made a fire with driftwood. چوب آب آورده

Answer 21

explode ♦ verb 1 to (cause to) blow up with a loud noise: The bomb exploded; The police exploded the bomb where it could cause no damage. منفجر شدن 2 suddenly to show strong feeling: The teacher exploded with anger; The children exploded into laughter. صدای بلند ایجاد کردن 3 to prove (a theory etc ) wrong. نشان دادن؛ ثابت کردن

Answer 22

feedback Noun 1. the process in which part of the output of a system is returned to its input in order to regulate its further output 2. response to an inquiry or experiment

Answer 23

fictional Adjective 1. related to or involving literary fiction; "clever fictional devices" 2. formed or conceived by the imagination;

Answer 24

fiercely Adverb 1. in a physically fierce manner; "they fought fiercely" 2. in an emotionally fierce manner; "she was fiercely proud of her children"

Answer 25

fulfillment Noun 1. a feeling of satisfaction at having achieved your desires 2. the act of consummating something (a desire or promise etc)

Answer 26

grip past participle gripped – ♦ verb to take a firm hold of: He gripped his stick; The speaker gripped (the attention of) his audience. محکم گرفتن ♦ noun 1 a firm hold: He had a firm grip on his stick; He has a very strong grip; in the grip of the storm. گرفتگی سخت؛ زور پنجه قوی 2 a bag used by travellers: He carried his sports equipment in a large grip. چمدان 3 understanding: He has a good grip of the subject. فهم ˈgripping ♦ adjective which holds the attention: a gripping story. گیرا come to grips with to deal with (a problem, difficulty etc ). روبرو شدن با lose one's grip to lose understanding or control. کنترل خود را از دست دادن

Answer 27

Noun خردمند 1. a person who uses the mind creatively Adjective فکری؛ عقلانی؛ ذهنی 1. of or relating to the intellect; "his intellectual career" 2. of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind; "intellectual problems"; "the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man" 3. appealing to or using the intellect; "satire is an intellectual weapon"; "intellectual workers engaged in creative literary or artistic or scientific labor"; "has tremendous intellectual sympathy for oppressed people"; "coldly intellectual"; "sort of the intellectual type"; "intellectual literature" 4. involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct;

Answer 28

♦ noun 1 a time or space between: He returned home after an interval of two hours. فاصله؛ وقفه 2 a short break in a play, concert etc : We had ice-cream in the interval. انتراکت at intervals here and there; now and then: Trees grew at intervals along the road. بطور پراکنده؛ گهگاه

Answer 29

♦ noun one of the pair of organs of breathing, in man and other animals. ریه

Answer 30

♦ noun a piece of metal with a design, inscription etc stamped on it, given as a reward for bravery, long service, excellence etc , or made to celebrate a special occasion: He won a medal in the War. مدال ˈmedallist, (American ) ˈmedalist ♦ noun a person who has won a medal in a competition etc . برنده مدال

Answer 31

Noun انگیزه 1. the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior; "we did not understand his motivation"; 2. the condition of being motivated; "his motivation was at a high level" 3. the act of motivating; providing incentive

Answer 32

♦ adjective helpless; defeated by emotion etc : overcome with grief; I felt quite overcome. مغلوب؛ مستولی شده ♦ verb– past tense ˌoverˈcame [-ˈkeim]: past participle ˌoverˈcome – to defeat or conquer: She finally overcame her fear of the dark. چیره شدن

Answer 33

peer ♦ noun 1 a nobleman (in Britain, one from the rank of baron upwards). آدم اشراف زاده 2 a person's equal in rank, merit or age: The child was disliked by his peers; (also adjective ) He is more advanced than the rest of his peer group. هم نوع؛ هم سن ˈpeerage [-ridʒ] ♦ noun 1 a peer's title or status: He was granted a peerage. مقام اشرافی 2 (often with plural verb when considered as a number of separate individuals) all noblemen as a group: The peerage has/have many responsibilities. اعیان و اشراف ˈpeeress ♦ noun 1 the wife or widow of a peer. همسر یا بیوه فرد اشافی 2 a woman who is a peer in her own right. زن اشرافی ˈpeerless ♦ adjective without equal; better than all others: Sir Galahad was a peerless knight. بی همتا

Answer 34

strive past tense strove [strouv]: past participle striven [ˈstrivn] – ♦ verb to try very hard or struggle: He always strives to please his teacher. سعي كردن

Answer 35

tension Noun 1. feelings of hostility that are not manifest; "he could sense her latent hostility to him"; "the diplomats' first concern was to reduce international tensions” 2. (psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense; "he suffered from fatigue and emotional tension" 3. the physical condition of being stretched or strained; "it places great tension on the leg muscles"; "he could feel the tenseness of her body"

Answer 36

thus ♦ adverb (referring to something mentioned immediately before or after) in this or that way or manner: He spoke thus; Thus, he was able to finish the work quickly. بدین گونه؛ بدین ترتیب

Answer 37

trivial unimportant or of little value: ▪ She gets upset over trivial matters.

Answer 38

worthwhile sufficiently valuable to justify the investment of time or interest; "a worthwhile book"

Answer 39

♦ verb 1 to (cause to) blow up with a loud noise: The bomb exploded; The police exploded the bomb where it could cause no damage. منفجر شدن 2 suddenly to show strong feeling: The teacher exploded with anger; The children exploded into laughter. صدای بلند ایجاد کردن 3 to prove (a theory etc ) wrong. نشان دادن؛ ثابت کردن exˈplosion [-ʒən] ♦ noun 1 a blowing up, or the noise caused by this: a gas explosion; The explosion could be heard a long way off. صدای انفجار 2 the action of exploding: the explosion of the atom bomb. انفجار 3 a sudden showing of strong feelings etc : an explosion of laughter. بروز ناگهانی هر چیز 4 a sudden great increase: an explosion in food prices. رشد سریع exˈplosive [-siv] ♦ adjective likely to explode: Hydrogen is a dangerously explosive gas. انفجاری؛ منفجره ♦ noun (a) material that is likely to explode: gelignite and other explosives. ماده منفجره

Answer 40

بازخورد

Answer 41

ساختگی | افسانه‌ای

Answer 42

ازروی‌ درنده‌ خویی‌، حریصانه‌، خشمگینانه‌، سخت

Answer 43

Noun 1. a feeling of satisfaction at having achieved your desires 2. the act of consummating something (a desire or promise etc) انجام تکمیل اجرا

Answer 44

past tense, past participle gripped ♦ verb to take a firm hold of: He gripped his stick; The speaker gripped (the attention of) his audience. محکم گرفتن ♦ noun 1 a firm hold: He had a firm grip on his stick; He has a very strong grip; in the grip of the storm. گرفتگی سخت؛ زور پنجه قوی 2 a bag used by travellers: He carried his sports equipment in a large grip. چمدان 3 understanding: He has a good grip of the subject. فهم ˈgripping ♦ adjective which holds the attention: a gripping story. گیرا come to grips with to deal with (a problem, difficulty etc ). روبرو شدن با lose one's grip to lose understanding or control. کنترل خود را از دست دادن

Answer 45

intellectual Noun خردمند 1. a person who uses the mind creatively Adjective فکری؛ عقلانی؛ ذهنی 1. of or relating to the intellect; "his intellectual career" 2. of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind; "intellectual problems"; "the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man" 3. appealing to or using the intellect; "satire is an intellectual weapon"; "intellectual workers engaged in creative literary or artistic or scientific labor"; "has tremendous intellectual sympathy for oppressed people"; "coldly intellectual"; "sort of the intellectual type"; "intellectual literature" 4. involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct;

Answer 46

interval ♦ noun 1 a time or space between: He returned home after an interval of two hours. فاصله؛ وقفه 2 a short break in a play, concert etc : We had ice-cream in the interval. انتراکت at intervals here and there; now and then: Trees grew at intervals along the road. بطور پراکنده؛ گهگاه

Answer 47

♦ noun | one of the pair of organs of breathing, in man and other animals.

Answer 48

medal ♦ noun a piece of metal with a design, inscription etc stamped on it, given as a reward for bravery, long service, excellence etc , or made to celebrate a special occasion: He won a medal in the War. مدال ˈmedallist, (American ) ˈmedalist ♦ noun a person who has won a medal in a competition etc . برنده مدال

Answer 49

motivation Noun انگیزه 1. the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior; "we did not understand his motivation"; 2. the condition of being motivated; "his motivation was at a high level" 3. the act of motivating; providing incentive

Answer 50

overcome ♦ adjective helpless; defeated by emotion etc : overcome with grief; I felt quite overcome. مغلوب؛ مستولی شده ♦ verb– past tense ˌoverˈcame [-ˈkeim]: past participle ˌoverˈcome – to defeat or conquer: She finally overcame her fear of the dark. چیره شدن

Answer 51

♦ noun 1 a nobleman (in Britain, one from the rank of baron upwards). آدم اشراف زاده 2 a person's equal in rank, merit or age: The child was disliked by his peers; (also adjective ) He is more advanced than the rest of his peer group. هم نوع؛ هم سن ˈpeerage [-ridʒ] ♦ noun 1 a peer's title or status: He was granted a peerage. مقام اشرافی 2 (often with plural verb when considered as a number of separate individuals) all noblemen as a group: The peerage has/have many responsibilities. اعیان و اشراف ``` ˈpeeress ♦ noun 1 the wife or widow of a peer. همسر یا بیوه فرد اشافی 2 a woman who is a peer in her own right. زن اشرافی ``` ˈpeerless ♦ adjective without equal; better than all others: Sir Galahad was a peerless knight. بی همتا

Answer 52

past tense strove [strouv]: past participle striven [ˈstrivn] ♦ verb to try very hard or struggle: He always strives to please his teacher. سعي كردن

Answer 53

``` تنش کشش فشار تشنج کشمکش بحران سفتی قوه‌ی انبساط ``` تحت فشار قرار دادن Noun 1. feelings of hostility that are not manifest; "he could sense her latent hostility to him"; "the diplomats' first concern was to reduce international tensions” 2. (psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense; "he suffered from fatigue and emotional tension" 3. the physical condition of being stretched or strained; "it places great tension on the leg muscles"; "he could feel the tenseness of her body"

Answer 54

♦ adverb (referring to something mentioned immediately before or after) in this or that way or manner: He spoke thus; Thus, he was able to finish the work quickly. بدین گونه؛ بدین ترتیب

Answer 55

``` جزئی بدیهی ناچیز مبتذل بیهوده بی‌مزه چیزهای بی‌اهمیت ناقابل ``` unimportant or of little value: ▪ She gets upset over trivial matters.

Answer 56

ارزنده ارزش‌دار قابل صرف وقت sufficiently valuable to justify the investment of time or interest; "a worthwhile book"

Answer 57

absorb [əbˈzoːb] ♦ verb 1 to soak up: The cloth absorbed the ink I had spilled. جذب کردن 2 to take up the whole attention of (a person): He was completely absorbed in his book. مجذوب کردن abˈsorbent ♦ adjective able to soak up: absorbent paper. جذب کننده abˈsorption [-ˈzoːp-] ♦ noun مجذوبیت؛ ربایش

Answer 58

ache [eik] ♦ noun a continuous pain: I have an ache in my stomach. درد مداوم ♦ verb 1 to be in continuous pain: My tooth aches. درد کردن 2 to have a great desire: I was aching to tell him the news. اشتیاق داشتن

Answer 59

amusement Noun 1. a feeling of delight at being entertained 2. a diversion that holds the attention سرگرمی تفریح لذت

Answer 60

confront [kənˈfrant] ♦ verb 1 to bring face to face with: He was confronted with the evidence of his crime. رو در رو شدن؛ مواجه کردن با 2 to face in a hostile manner; to oppose: They confronted the enemy at dawn. مقابله کردن؛ رو در رو شدن ˌconfronˈtation [kon-] ♦ noun رو در رویی؛ مقابله

Answer 61

distracted Adjective 1. affected with madness or insanity; "a man who had gone mad" 2. having the attention diverted especially because of anxiety

Answer 62

drift [drift] ♦ noun 1 a heap of something driven together, especially snow: His car stuck in a snowdrift. توده؛ پشته 2 the direction in which something is going; the general meaning: I couldn't hear you clearly, but I did catch the drift of what you said. مفهوم سخن ♦ verb 1 to (cause to) float or be blown along: Sand drifted across the road; The boat drifted down the river. به حرکت درآمدن 2 (of people) to wander or live aimlessly: She drifted from job to job. سرگردان بودن ˈdrifter ♦ noun 1 a fishing-boat that uses a net which floats near the surface of the water. قایق ماهیگیری 2 a person who drifts. آدم سرگردان ˈdriftwood ♦ noun wood floating on or cast up on the shore by the sea: We made a fire with driftwood. چوب آب آورده

Focus On Vocabulary (1) Flashcards

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