food ethics and sustainability

Question 1

5 key ethics

Answer 1

1. responsibility to self and others
2. food virtues
3. vegetarianism and animals
4. agriculture/environment
5. industrial agriculture

Question 2

responsibility to self and others?

Answer 2

improve and maintain well-being by diet

Question 3

food virtues?

Answer 3

towards a social community by virtues:

hospitality, sharing, manners/behaviour, temperance (moderation)

Question 4

vegetarianism and animals

Answer 4

• animal welfare

- use of fuel water/ghg/wated food/increased heart disease

Question 5

defense of meat eating

Answer 5

economic benefits for people in industry

specialized diets; pregnant women

Question 6

agriculture/environmental ethics

Answer 6

food farming
live stock
crop cultivation

aim: develop moral sustainable architecture

Question 7

industrial agriculture

Answer 7

machinery/chemicals/monocrops: productive but immogral use of land/animals/pollution

Question 8

what does industrial agriculture lead to

Answer 8

topsoil erosion
water contmaition
biodiversity loss
health risks to consumers and workers

Question 9

what is food?

Answer 9

social good
spritiaility
nutrition
nature
aestethic
culture
desideratum
politcs 
culture

Question 10

4 reasons for global transition towards sustainability

Answer 10

1. food provision
2. social impact of international trade
3. global food governance
4. longer supply chain

Question 11

sustainability principles

Answer 11

people, planet, profit

Question 12

ecological aspect of sustainbility

Answer 12

energy and water
climate change
presticides
pollution
biodiversity
landscape
animals 
waste

Question 13

key concerns in sustainbility

Answer 13

environment (Trade and production)
animal welfare
health and safety
socio-economic impact of international trade

Question 14

monocrop effects

Answer 14

reduce variety in landscape which:

1. destroys biodiveristy
2. makes countryside less attractive for inhabitants
3. reduce food prices
4. food= more for animals than people= more pollutants/ghg

Question 15

why are monocrops used

Answer 15

meed global demand for food

for intense livestock breeding and animal feed (soy/corn)

Question 16

precision farming: what is it and and benefits?

Answer 16

reduces the chemical input of food by using sensors/gps/drones to evaluate crops=
less fertilizer/pesticide use
saves water, energy, time, money, etc.
reduces contact of workers with dagnerous chemicals

Question 17

organic farming methods

Answer 17

use of: 
manure
biofertilizers
biological management
crop rotation 
vermicompose
greenleaf manure

Question 18

issues with organic farming

Answer 18

lower yield
higher cost
failure of 100% guarantee

Question 19

agroforestry

Answer 19

used in tuscany and coffee plantations:

combining shrubs, trees and crops to increase yield, nutrition, quality and biodiviersy due to plant symbiotic actions

Question 20

what is food processining

Answer 20

transformaiton of agricultural products into food

Question 21

american method of food processing

Answer 21

focus on same product that can be produced the fast/largest

high tech and innovation

Question 22

italian method of processing

Answer 22

focus on singularity/scarcity of a product
nutritional maximum
local farming methods
unique/traditional focus

Question 23

general steps of processining

Answer 23

1. processing line
2. distribution
3. consumption

Question 24

key issues to procesing

Answer 24

1. pollution
2. energy/water usage
3. waste

Question 25

why would a company want to be green

Answer 25

improvements made by large firms who can afford to invest as they want a good reputation and are more suscpetible to public scrutiny

Question 26

issues with food distrubtion

Answer 26

food miles= energy used/waste created by long distance transportation of food and pacakging

Question 27

how can environmental impact of the food industry be measured

Answer 27

LCA: life cycle analyssi

Question 28

LCA process

Answer 28

measures climate change created from: 1. ghg 2. eutrophication 3. nutrifying emmitions 4. abiotic/biotic resource depletion

Question 29

advantage of LCA

Answer 29

creates a quantifiable, clear data analyzing the flow of water, energy, pollutants etc.

Question 30

why is organic better than nonorganic (example)

Answer 30

less primary energy used than non-organic due to use of nitrogen fixing legumes instead of synthethic fertilizers

Question 31

the negative side of organic production (example)

Answer 31

creates larger burdens as nitrogen leaching and low yield means that more land is needed in organic production

Question 32

quinoa

Answer 32

bolivian organic grain --> recent years has tripled in export as a superfood issues: - loss of soil fertility/sustainbility - fair trade issues - monocultures - land expansion interfers with llama herding, biodiversity and creates hunger

Question 33

climate change and food suply chain

Answer 33

creates huge GHG impact, which in turn affects: food production human health food security

Question 34

how is globalization bad

Answer 34

growth of global food= makes world depdnent on worldwide transport= increases GHG

Question 35

how is globalization good

Answer 35

international trade improves energetic efficency and is vital for food produciton in fragile areas

Question 36

sources of GHG

Answer 36

``` energy (60%) transport (20%) agriculture (10%) industry (7%_ waste (5%) ``` 20=30% of food is watsted main source is meat/dairty

Question 37

kyoto protocol/UN frameworok on cc/paris talks

Answer 37

international commitment to reduce global carbon footbring by border taaxes, tech and national approaches reduce temp to under 2c reduce long supply chains reduce fossil fuel and waste increase local consumption and production