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MSK100 > Forearm muscles - posterior compartment > Flashcards

Forearm muscles - posterior compartment Flashcards

1
Q

How many layers in the posterior/extensor compartment?

A
  1. Superficial layer (7)
  2. Deep layer (5)
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2
Q

What muscles are in the superficial layer?

A
  1. Brachioradialis (note: flexor)
  2. Extensor Carpi Radials Longus
  3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
  4. Extensor Digitorum
  5. Extensor Digiti Minimi
  6. Extensor Carpi Unlaris
  7. Anconeus
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3
Q

What are the muscles in the deep layer?

A
  1. Supinator
  2. Abductor Pollicis longus
  3. Extensor Pollicis brevis
  4. Extensor Pollicis longus
  5. Extensor Indices
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4
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior forearm?

A

Radial n

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5
Q

What are the primary actions of the posterior forearm muscles?

A
  1. Wrist extension
  2. Digit extension
  3. Supination
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6
Q

What common origin does the superficial group share?

A

Lateral epicondyle (except brachioradialis & extesnor carpi radials longus - supracondylar ridge of humerus)

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7
Q

What common origin does the deep layer share?

A

Either posterior ulna, radius or interosseous membrane.

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8
Q

Brachioradialis O, I & Function?

A

O: Humerus (supracondylar ridge)
I: Radius (proximal to styloid process)
F: Flex forearm

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9
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus O, I & function?

A

O: humerus (spracondylar ridge)
I: Base of 2nd metacarpal

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Radial deviate
3. Flex forearm (weak)

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10
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis O, I & function?

A

O: lateral epicondyle via CET
I: base of 3rd metacarpal

Function:
1. Extend Wrist
2. Radial deviate

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11
Q

What muscles make the mobile wad?

A

Found in lateral compartment of arm:
1. Brachioradialis
2. ECRL
3. ECRB

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12
Q

Extensor digitorum O, I & function?

A

O: Lateral epicondyle via CET
I: Dorsal digital expansion ( distal & middle phalanges 2-5)

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Extend digits 2-5 at MCP, PIP & DIP Joints
3. Extend Forearm (weak)

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13
Q

Extensor Digiti Minini O, I & function?

A

O: Lateral epicondyle via CET
I: Dorsal digital expansion - distal & middle phalange of digit 5

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Extend digit 5 & MCP, PIP & DIP joints
3. Extend forearm (weak)

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14
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris O, I & function?

A

O: lateral epicondyle via CET
I: base of metacarpal 5

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Ulnar deviate
3. Extend forearm (weak)

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15
Q

Anconeus O, I & function?

A

O: lateral epicondyle (NOT CET)
I: Olecranon + posterior surface of ulna
F: Weak extension of elbow

(helps triceps)

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16
Q

What is the dorsal digital expansion?

A
  • triangular tendinous aponeurosis that wraps around the MCP joints and extends along proximal and middle phalanges across PIP & DIP Joints.

-FNC: pulls PIP & DIP joints into complete extension + flexion of MCP joint “TATA”

17
Q

Supinator O, I & function? (2 origins)

A

O: Ulna (supinator crest) & lateral epicondyle
I: lateral radius
F: supination

18
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus O, I & function?

A

O: Ulna, Radius & interosseous membrane
I: Base of 1st metacarpal

Function:
1. Abduction of thumb @ CMC joint
2. Extension of thumb @ CMC joint
3. Radial deviation

19
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis O, I & function?

A

O: Radius & interosseous membrane
I: base of proximal phalanx

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Extend thumb @ MCP joint
3. Radial deviation (weak)

20
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus O, I & function?

A

O: Ulna & interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Extend thumb @ MCP & IP joints
3. Radial deviation (weak)

21
Q

Extensor Indicis O, I & function?

A

O: Ulna
I: dorsal digital expansion - distal & middle phalanx of 2nd digit

Function:
1. Extend wrist
2. Extend digit 2 @ MCP, PIP & DIP joints

22
Q

What makes up the borders or the anatomical snuff box & what can you find in it?

A

Borders:
Lateral: extensor pollicis brevis (inside) & Abductor pollicis longus (outside)
Medial: extensor pollicis longus

Inside:
1. Median n
2. Scaphoid
3. trapezium

23
Q

What is golf elbow/ medial epicondylitis?

A

-tiny ruptures of CFT from forceful & repeated bending of wrists/fingers
-symptoms: tenderness & pain @ medial epicondyle made worst from flexing wrist

24
Q

What is tennis elbow/ lateral epicondylitis?

A

-painful/tender CET from strain/overuse/direct bang
-symptoms: tenderness & pain @ lateral epicondyle

25
Q

Damage to posterior cord of brachial plexus.. what nerves, muscles, movements, sensory & long term deficients?

A

NERVES:Posterior cord forms axillary & radial n.

M: thus, deltoid & teres minor + all posterior arm/forearm muscles affected.

MOVEMENTS:
1. loss of extension: elbow, wrist, fingers
2. Weakness in abduction & external rotation
3. Weakness in supination (biceps also supinates diff nerve)

Loss of sensation:
1. Lateral shoulder
2. Posterior forearm
3. Lateral 3.5 digits

Long term deficits: wrist drop & deltoid atrophy

MSK100 (22 decks)

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