Shoulder Joints

Question 1

Scapulothoracic Joint bones & movements?

Answer 1

scapula + thoracic cage (not a true joint)

Movements:
1. protraction/retraction
2. elevation/ depression
3. upward & downward rotation

Question 2

Scapulothoacic joint roles (4)?

Answer 2

1. Moveable base for humerus = Increase ROM @ shoulder joint
2. Helps deltoid function
3. Provides glenohumeral stability for overhead work
4. Absorbs shock to outstretched arms

Question 3

Sternoclavicular joint articular surfaces and joint type?

Answer 3

BONES: sternum & clavicle
AS: sternal facet (clavicle) & manubrium
TYPE: modified saddle joint

Question 4

Sternoclavicular movement with degrees?

Answer 4

1. Elevation = 60
2. Depression = 5-10
3. Protraction = 25-30
4. Retraction = 25-30
5. Rotation = 30

Question 5

Ligaments at sternoclavicular joint (3)?

Answer 5

1. Sternoclavicular ligament: reinforce joint capsule front & back
2. Interclavicular ligament: reinforce joint superiorly
3. Costaclavicular ligament: anchors clavicle to 1st rib

Question 6

Acromioclavicular joint articular surfaces, joint type and movements?

Answer 6

AS: acromial facet (lateral clavicle) & acromion
TYPE: planar synovial
MOVEMENTS: slide & glide

** moves as a result of scapular movement

Question 7

Acromioclavicular joint ligaments (3)?

Answer 7

1. Acromioclavicular ligament: strong fibrous band, reinforces superior aspect.
2. Trapezoid ligament: coracoid process (scapula) to trapezoid (clavicle)
3. Conoid ligament: coracoid process (scapula) to conoid tubercle (clavicle)

> > > Conoid & trapezoid = CORACOCLAVICULAR LIGAMENT = anchor lateral end of clavicle & prevent superior dislocation

Question 8

Glenohumeral Joint articular surfaces & Joint type?

Answer 8

AS: Glenoid fossa (scapula) & head of humerus
*AS has hyaline cartilage

TYPE: Ball & Socket (all movements)

Question 9

What is the glenoid labrum?

Answer 9

-only 1/3 of humerus head its into glenoid fossa
-the labrum is a ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin deepening the fossa = more congruent
-covered by synovial membrane
-biceps tendon is stuck to labrum

Question 10

Glenohumeral joint ligaments (3)?

Answer 10

1. Superior, middle & inferior glenohumeral ligaments: capsular ligaments. Anteriorally reinforce joint capsule.
2. Coracohumeral ligament: Intrinsic ligament. Coracoid process to greater tubercle.
3. Coracoacromial Arch: Extrinsic. Extend acromion to coracoid process. Prevents superior dislocation.

Question 11

Bursae associated with the glenohumeral joint (3)?

Answer 11

1. Subscapular bursa
2. Subacromial bursa
3. Subdeltoid bursa

Question 12

Subscapular bursa?

Answer 12

-overlies anterior joint capsule beneath subscapularis muscle
-reduces friction between tendon/muscle & joint capsule

Question 13

Subacromial bursa?

Answer 13

-between acromion & supraspinatus muscle
-Faliciates movement of tendon under coracoacromial arch, deltoid over fibrous capsule, greater tubercle
-Subject to impingement if swollen/inflammed

Question 14

Subdeltoid bura?

Answer 14

-betwen deltoid & fibrous cartilage
- continuous with subacromial bursa.

Question 15

Movements at shoulder joint & degrees?

Answer 15

1. Flexion (180)
2. Extension (45-50)
3. Abduction (180)
4. Adduction (30-45)
5. Lateral Rotation (80)
6. Medial Rotation (95)

Question 16

Muscles that perform flexion at shoulder joint (3)?

Answer 16

1. Deltoid
2. Coracobrachialis
3. Pectoralis Major

Question 17

Muscles that perform extension at shoulder joint (4)?

Answer 17

1. Triceps (long head)
2. Deltoid
3. Latissimus dorsi
4. Teres major

Question 18

Muscles that perform abduction at shoulder joint (2)?

Answer 18

1. Deltoid
2. Supraspinatus

Question 19

Muscles that perform adduction at shoulder joint (4)?

Answer 19

1. Triceps (long head)
2. Pec. Major
3. Latissimus dorsi
4. Teres Major

Question 20

Muscles that perform lateral rotation (3)?

Answer 20

1. Deltoid
2. infraspinatus
3. Teres minor

Question 21

Muscles that perform medial rotation (5)?

Answer 21

1. Deltoid
2. Pec. major
3. Subscapularis
4. Latissimusdorsi
5. Teres Major