Foreign Policy

Question 1

_____ consists of the strategies and goals that guide a nation’s relations with other countries and groups in the world

Answer 1

Foreign policy

Question 2

The specific strategies that make up _____ from year to year change in response to changes in the international environment.

Answer 2

U.S. foreign policy

Question 3

The long-term goals of that ____ remain constant, reflecting both the nation’s ideals and its self-interest

Answer 3

policy

Question 4

The principal goal of American foreign policy is _____.

Answer 4

to preserve the security of the United States

Question 5

_____ means protection of a nation’s borders and territories against invasion or control by foreign powers

Answer 5

National security

Question 6

In today’s global economy national security means ________.

Answer 6

more than military defense

Question 7

Maintaining trade with other nations and preserving access to necessary natural resources have also been basic goals of ______.

Answer 7

U.S. foreign policy

Question 8

Productive American factories and farms need foreign markets in which _____.

Answer 8

to sell their goods

Question 9

Generally, the United States supports trade that is free from _______.

Answer 9

both export and import restrictions

Question 10

American leaders also work for _____ because they believe it helps the nation avoid outside conflicts and aids national security

Answer 10

world peace

Question 11

The United States tries to help other nations settle disputes and has also supplied ______.

Answer 11

economic aid to at-risk countries

Question 12

_______, along with direct terrorist attacks, have made the goal of world peace an even greater challenge

Answer 12

The rise of terrorist groups

Question 13

The United States aids democratic nations and helps others create democratic political systems
(examples)

Answer 13

IE. South Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, Afghanistan

Question 14

The United States has responded by providing food, medical supplies, and technical assistance for _____.

Answer 14

humanitarian reasons

Question 15

This aid serves the strategic interests of the United states by ______ in the world

Answer 15

maintaining political stability

Question 16

Until the late 1800’s, American foreign policy was based on _____.

Answer 16

isolationism

Question 17

____ the avoidance of involvement in world affairs

Answer 17

Isolationism

Question 18

When______ became president in 1789, the US was a small nation in deep debt

Answer 18

George Washington

Question 19

In 1823 President James Monroe announced a new foreign policy known as the _____.

Answer 19

Monroe Doctrine

Question 20

_____ began to look for world markets for its products and for new sources of raw materials

Answer 20

Monroe Doctrine

Question 21

For some government leaders, isolationism no longer fit the US’s role as an ______.

Answer 21

economic power

Question 22

The US leaders of the time believed the nation needed to expand and acquire a ______.

Answer 22

colonial empire

Question 23

In 1898 the US fought the _______.

Answer 23

Spanish American War

Question 24

As a result, the US acquired the ________, ______, and _____.

Answer 24

Philippine Islands, Guam, and Puerto Rico

Question 25

______ was now a major power in the Caribbean as well as the Pacific region and East Asia

Answer 25

The United States

Question 26

When _____ began in Europe in 1914, isolationist sentiment in the United States was still strong

Answer 26

World War I

Question 27

Disillusioned by the terrible cost of war, Americans returned to _______.

Answer 27

isolationism

Question 28

When _____ began in 1939, the United States officially remained ____.

Answer 28

World War II, neutral

Question 29

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, however, drew the _____ into war

Answer 29

United States

Question 30

Since World War II, US foreign policy has been based on ______.

Answer 30

internationalism

Question 31

_____ emerged from World War II as the leader of the free nations of the world.

Answer 31

The United States

Question 32

US government leaders viewed the ______ as a threat to national security

Answer 32

power of the Soviet Union

Question 33

Between 1945 and 1949, the _____ established control over the governments of Eastern European countries

Answer 33

Soviet Union

Question 34

In 1949 _____ seized control of China.

Answer 34

Chinese Communists

Question 35

_____ takeovers in these nations convinced American leaders that they must halt Communist aggression

Answer 35

The Communist

Question 36

_____ was a war of words and ideologies rather than a shooting war

Answer 36

The Cold War

Question 37

With the threat of expanding communism, the US drew upon the ideas of _____, an American diplomat and expert on Soviet history and culture

Answer 37

George F. Kenan

Question 38

The US would create a policy known as _____.

Answer 38

containment

Question 39

Containment was the policy designed to keep the _____ from expanding its powers

Answer 39

Soviet Union

Question 40

_____ also tried to stop the spread of communism by giving economic aid to nations they said were threatened by totalitarian regimes.

Answer 40

America

Question 41

_____ announced what later became known as the Truman Doctrine in a speech in 1947:

Answer 41

President Harry Truman

Question 42

Months later the_____ provided badly needed economic aid for war-torn Europe

Answer 42

Marshall Plan

Question 43

____ tensions and fears also led to an arms race

Answer 43

Cold War

Question 44

______ of containment drew the United States into two wars: (name them)

Answer 44

The Cold War policy, 1. Korea 2. Vietnam

Question 45

In the Korean War the US aided pro-American South Korea when it was invaded by _______.

Answer 45

communist North Korea

Question 46

Truman saw the invasion of South Korea as expansionism by the Soviet Union and sent American troops there under _____.

Answer 46

UN sponsorship

Question 47

In the Vietnam War, ____ committed troops for many years to fight on the side of the South Vietnamese government against Communist N. Vietnam

Answer 47

the United States

Question 48

In 1989 _____ dividing Communist East Germany from the democratic West Germany was torn down by demonstrators

Answer 48

the Berlin Wal

Question 49

while _____ called on the US to stay involved in world politics to protect American trade interests, encourage democracy, and advance human rights

Answer 49

policymakers

Question 50

In 1990 Iraq’s leader _____, invaded neighboring Kuwait threatening Middle Eastern oil supplies

Answer 50

Saddam Hussein

Question 51

These actions included a program of inspections aimed at preventing ____ from developing weapons of mass destruction

Answer 51

Iraq

Question 52

During the 1990's ____ kept tension high by failing to cooperate with UN-mandated inspections

Answer 52

Saddam Hussein

Question 53

Throughout the 1990s ____ sent US forces to several places in attempts to maintain political order and protect humanitarian interests

Answer 53

President Clinton

Question 54

In 1992_____ join a multi-nation force in Somalia to protect relief organizations operating during a civil war

Answer 54

American troops

Question 55

In 1994 American troops preserved order in _____ when their president was forced to flee the country

Answer 55

Haiti

Question 56

In 1995 _____ intervened to end ethnic warfare among Croats, Serbs, and Muslims resulting from the breakup of the former Yugoslavia

Answer 56

American and NATO allies

Question 57

In 1999, ____ air power and troops forced Serbian troops to withdraw from the Yugoslavian province of Kosovo

Answer 57

American and NATO

Question 58

______ identified the attack as the work of al-Qaeda, a global network of Islamic terrorists whose leaders were based in Afghanistan

Answer 58

The FBI and intelligence sources

Question 59

_____ quickly announced that a war on terrorism would become the focus of his administration

Answer 59

President George W. Bush

Question 60

_______ framework states that preemption should replace containment and deterrence as the foundation American strategy

Answer 60

The Bush administrations

Question 61

_____ means that the US will strike first with military force against any terrorist groups or rogue states that might threaten the nation with weapons of mass destruction

Answer 61

Preemption

Question 62

_____ applied preemption in March 2003 when the US and a coalition of others removed the government of Saddam Hussein

Answer 62

President Bush

Question 63

In December 2003, _____ would be captured

Answer 63

Saddam Hussein

Question 64

______ have the major responsibility for making foreign policy, and are often influenced by the opinions of the American people

Answer 64

The president and Congress

Question 65

Pressure from interest groups can also affect _____.

Answer 65

foreign policy

Question 66

_____ issues can have a substantial impact on legislation that affects their areas of interest

Answer 66

Human rights

Question 67

_______, is one of the smallest cabinet-level departments in terms of employees, yet they carry out foreign policy

Answer 67

The Department of State

Question 68

______ is the largest of all the executive departments both in terms of money spent and people employed

Answer 68

The Department of Defense

Question 69

Created by Congress in 1789, ______ was the first executive department

Answer 69

the Dept. of State

Question 70

Originally it was known as ___________.

Answer 70

the Department of Foreign Affairs

Question 71

______ is generally considered to be the most important member of the cabinet, ranking just below the president and vice president

Answer 71

The secretary of state

Question 72

________ is the 4th in line for presidential succession

Answer 72

The secretary of state

Question 73

Your current secretary of state is ______.

Answer 73

John Kerry (D)

Question 74

Dept. of State carries out four important functions: | name them

Answer 74

1. Keep the president informed about international issues 2. Maintain diplomatic relations with foreign governments 3. Negotiate treaties with foreign governments 4. Protect the interests of Americans who are traveling or conducting business abroad

Question 75

Six assistant secretaries direct the six geographical bureaus of the State Dept.: (name a few)

Answer 75

1. Bureau of African Affairs 2. European and Eurasian Affairs 3. East Asian and Pacific Affairs 4. Western Hemisphere Affairs 5. Near Eastern Affairs 6. South Asian Affairs

Question 76

Officials who are assigned to serve abroad in foreign countries belong to ________.

Answer 76

the Foreign Service

Question 77

_______usually spend several years abroad in a diplomatic post

Answer 77

Foreign Service Officers (FSOs)

Question 78

_____ are normally assigned either to an American embassy or to an American consulate

Answer 78

FSOs

Question 79

________ maintains embassies in the capital cities of foreign countries

Answer 79

The United States

Question 80

______ includes the official residence and offices of the ambassador and his/her staff

Answer 80

An embassy

Question 81

The primary function of an embassy is to make ______.

Answer 81

diplomatic communication between governments easier

Question 82

Currently the State Dept. directs the work of over _______.

Answer 82

200 American embassies and consulates

Question 83

An ambassador heads each ________.

Answer 83

American embassy

Question 84

______ is appointed by the president and must be confirmed by the Senate

Answer 84

An ambassador

Question 85

Congress has exercised its power to declare war only ____ times in our nation’s history: (name some)

Answer 85

5, 1. War of 1812, 2. 1846 against Mexico, 3. 1898 against Spain, 4. 1917 against Germany, 5. 1941 against Japan, Germany, and Italy

Question 86

The president has advantages over Congress in conducting foreign policy: (name two)

Answer 86

1. Only the president—or a chosen spokesperson such as the secretary of state—can speak for the nation in dealings with other governments 2. The president controls those agencies, Dept. of State and the National Security Council, that help formulate and carry out foreign policy on a day-to-day basis 3. The president is able to take quick and decisive action 4. By using executive agreements, the president can bypass the Senate when making agreements with other nations

Question 87

Dept. of State carries out four important functions: (name two)

Answer 87

1. Keep the president informed about international issues 2. Maintain diplomatic relations with foreign governments 3. Negotiate treaties with foreign governments 4. Protect the interests of Americans who are traveling or conducting business abroad

Question 88

The Joint Chiefs of Staff is a six member group: (name three)

Answer 88

1. Chief of Staff of the Army, 2. Air Force, 3. Naval Operations, 4. Commandant of the Marine Corps, 5. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 6. Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff