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FP-C study > FP-C #5 > Flashcards

FP-C #5 Flashcards

1
Q

What range of gravitational force will cause unconsciousness?

A

6 to 8g

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2
Q

Define: physiologic altitude

A

The altitude perceived by the body

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3
Q

The stage of hypoxia experienced at 15 to 20,000 feet

A

Disturbance stage

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4
Q

FAR Part 135.89

A

Governs the use of supplemental oxygen by pilots and provides rules for pressurized and non-pressurized aircraft

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5
Q

List the two types of altitude

A

Physical altitude, physiologic altitude

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6
Q

The greenhouse effect can raise temperatures in the cabin of a helicopter by this much

A

50°F- 59°F

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7
Q

Describe: type II spatial disorientation

A

Occurs when a pilot does not sense spatial disorientation, but does sense a problem

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8
Q

Oxygen saturation range: critical stage of hypoxia

A

Less than 65%

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9
Q

Vibrations could cause significant affect the body between this range

A

1- 12 Hz

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10
Q

When flying at night, these colors of light are approved inside the cockpit

A

Red light and green lights

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11
Q

Define: physical altitude

A

Feet above the ground

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12
Q

Pressure changes and a cold can lead to these symptoms

A

Severe headaches, vertigo, nausea

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13
Q

The rate of improvement following oxygen support in altitude - induced hypoxia

A

Within minutes 100% oxygen

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14
Q

Describe: type I spatial disorientation

A

This occurs when the pilot does not notice that spatial disorientation exists and doesn’t sense a problem

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15
Q

The amount of time that judgment and coordination deteriorate to the point of inadequate or inappropriate function in the critical stage of hypoxia

A

3 to 5 minutes

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16
Q

The relationship between loudness and duration

A

Inversely - The louder the sound, the less time before damage occurs

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17
Q

Exposure to fuel vapors can result in these symptoms

A

Headaches, nausea

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18
Q

The four primary forces that act on an aircraft in flight

A

Lift, thrust, weight (gravity), drag

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19
Q

Effects of flicker vertigo

A

Nausea, vomiting, seizure, fainting

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20
Q

Criteria for non-pressurized aircraft to use oxygen continuously

A

If longer than 30 minutes at 10 to 12,000

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21
Q

General alcohol policy with respect to your shift

A

12 hours bottle to throttle

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22
Q

Low-frequency vibration can cause the following:

A

Body discomfort, chest pain, decreased vision, fatigue

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23
Q

Function of differential control method

A

Military applications mostly, lightweight

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24
Q

Over the counter medications and the FAA

A

The FAA has an approved list of prescription and over-the-counter medications that flight crew members are allowed to use

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25
The cognitive manifestations during the disturbance stage hypoxia
Crew members not realizing they are affected
26
This is the most physiologic problem encountered in the flight environment for flight crew
Fatigue
27
What effect does a negative gravitational force cause?
Pushes blood toward the brain
28
The senses affected at the disturbance stage of hypoxia
Vision, hearing, sense of touch
29
Humidity's relationship to temperature
Proportional humidity increases in temperature when temperature increases
30
The effects of rapid cabin depressurization
Hypoxia, decompression sickness, gastrointestinal expansion, hypothermia, dense fog within cabin
31
These are the three key components to maintain spatial orientation
Effective perception, integration, interpretation of visual/vestibular, proprioceptive sensory information
32
Describe: type III spatial disorientation
Occurs when a pilot is affected by illusion of intense movement and is unable to reorient
33
How many types of spatial disorientation are there?
3
34
At 15,000 feet, what is barometric pressure?
429
35
The keys to recognition and treatment of altitude hypoxia
Avoid hypoxia is key to safety
36
This is how you minimize the effects of vibration
Don't lean against the airframe, padded seats, use of shoulder and lap belts appropriately
37
Define: spatial disorientation
Condition in which a person has an incorrect understanding of the body's position with respect to the earth
38
Causes: fatigue
Lack of sleep, jetlagged, constant vibration, 24-hour operations
39
Define: Dysbarism
A syndrome resulting from the difference between barometric pressure and pressure of gases inside the body
40
Temperature declines with altitude by this rate
3°F- 5°F/ 1000 feet
41
Functional goals of isobaric control systems
Maintain cabin pressure 5-8000 feet, to avoid requiring oxygen for passengers
42
Psychomotor manifestations during the disturbance stage of hypoxia
Decreased muscular coordination: difficult speech, illegible handwriting, worsening dexterity
43
These are the hallmark signs of impairment in the disturbance stage of hypoxia
Stammering and illegible handwriting
44
The altitude where one would experience the critical stage of hypoxia while on 100% oxygen
44,800 feet and above
45
The effects of slow cabin pressurization
Hypoxia over time - leads to undetectable
46
All pilots must wear oxygen above this level
35,000 feet
47
The number of annual rapid decompressions
40 to 50 - most occur above 30,000
48
Crewmembers should avoid using this color light when flying at night to prevent pilot's vision loss
White light
49
Mnemonic for a person's tolerance to stressors of flight
IM SAFE
50
The effects of long exposure to noise
Damage, or completely destroy, soft tissue of the inner ear
51
Define: third spacing
The loss of fluids from the intravascular space into the tissue
52
A dangerous respiratory concern with altitude hypoxia
Hyperventilation
53
Alcohol consumption and altitude
1 ounce equals 2000 feet physiologic altitude - two beers equal 4-8000 feet physiologic altitude
54
Pathophys: hyperventilation syndrome
bicarb and CO2 decrease in blood--> vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries--> hypoxia--> unconsciousness--> cellular acidosis--> death
55
This is the most effective method of protecting people from the physiologic effects of reduced barometric pressure
Cabin pressurization
56
The greatest pressure change takes place between these altitudes
Sea level and 5000 feet
57
Define: bariotitis media
Condition resulting from the failure of the middle ear space to equalize pressures when going from low to high atmospheric pressure
58
___ opposes gravity, ___ opposes drag
Lift, thrust
59
Disadvantages of differential control method
Supplemental oxygen and pressure suits required at high altitudes
60
Two types of pressurizing systems in aviation
Isobaric control system, differential control method
61
Flicker vertigo can be caused by flickering at this range
4 to 20 cycles/second
62
Two major consequences to fatigue
Delayed reaction time, increased vulnerability for error
63
Alcohol and histotoxic hypoxia
Alcohol can inhibit the available oxygen for hemoglobin and delay metabolism at the cellular level
64
Explain the Mnemonic "IM SAFE"
Illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, emotion
65
Disadvantages of an isobaric control system
Requires heavy fuselage and airframe, adds weight to the aircraft, has explosive rate of decompression that can occur
66
What effect does positive gravitational force cause?
Pushes blood away from brain
67
Serious consequences of hyperventilating at altitude
Rapid decrease of sodium bicarbonate in the blood causing elevation in blood pH (respiratory alkalosis)
68
Define: flicker vertigo
An imbalance in brain cell activity caused by exposure to low-frequency flickering or flashing of a bright light
69
The stage of hypoxia experienced at 20,000 feet or above
Critical stage
70
The stressors of flight
Low oxygen, barometric pressure changes, verbal changes, vibration, decreased humidity, noise, fatigue, gravitational forces, spatial disorientation, third spacing, flicker vertigo, fuel vapors, weather, anxiety, night flights

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