Functional appliances Flashcards

(34 cards)

1
Q

Define functional applainces

A

loose, usually removeable IO devices which alter the muscle forces against the teeth

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2
Q

How do functional appliances work?

A

alter neuro-muscular action to affect bony growth and occlusal development
posture mandibles forwards in growing patients

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3
Q

which dentition are functional appliances normally used and why

A

mixed

to treat paediatric malocclusions

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4
Q

In which techniques are functional appliances used?

A

Growth modification
Growth guidance
Functional growth guidance
Functional appliance therapy

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5
Q

define growth modification

A

taking advantage of a childs growing years to guide proper jawbone formation using ortho applainces
can correct existing maloccusions or prevent them from occuring

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6
Q

In which types of malocclusion would functional appliances be used?

A

Class II

Class III

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7
Q

name 8 indications for a functional appliance

A
good dental health
motivated pt
pre-adolescent growth phase
mild or moderate skeletal discrepancy
Increased OB/OJ
proclined maxillary central incisors
well aligned arches
co-incident centre lines
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8
Q

name contraindications for functional appliances

A
poor motivation
>14 year
poor dental health
condylar disease
unfavourable facial growth
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9
Q

Give an example of unfavourable facial growth which don’t respond to functional appliances

A

increased vertical facial proportions

especially anterior open bite

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10
Q

Give 4 advantages of functional appliances

A

removable- good for dental health
avoid extractions- if good response to treatment
reduces incidence of trauma
accelerates skeletal growth

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11
Q

give 5 disadvantages of functional appliances

A
bulky 
affects speech
need pt compliance
lack of detailed tooth movements
ST trauma
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12
Q

what are the 2 types of functional appliances and where is the energy stored in each type

A

fixed- energy stored in appliance

removable - energy stored in muscles and ligaments

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13
Q

Where are the forces applied to in the 2 types of functional appliances?

A

ST, teeth and bone

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14
Q

Name 6 types of removable functional appliances

A
flat anterior bite plane
bionator
activator
twin block
fraenkel
teuscher
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15
Q

name 3 types of fixed functional appliances

A

herbst
jasper jumper
twin block

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16
Q

how does a flat anterior bite plane work?

A

removeable

has no posterior occlusion, allowing posterior teeth to continue to erupt to open a deep bite

17
Q

what does a flat anterior bite plane treat

A

a deep over bite

18
Q

describe the twin block appliance

A

most popular
well tolerated by pts
made up of 2 parts- upper and lower fit together using posterior bite blocks with interlocking bite planes–>which posture the mandible forwards

19
Q

describe a bionator appliance

A

removeable
less bulky than an activator
corrects overbite and overjet by promoting lower jaw growth

20
Q

describe the activator applaince

A
move mandible forwards to correct class II 
change dental relationships in all 3 planes of space
21
Q

describe he frankel appliance

A

removeable
has buccal shields to hold away the cheeks
postures mandible forwards

22
Q

describe the herbst appliance

A

fixed
less bulkier than twin block
postures mandible forewards
eliminates pts OB

23
Q

describe the jasper jumper applaince

A

fixed
advances the maxilla
class II and class III

24
Q

what kind of records would you take ?

A

photos
lateral ceph
study models

25
why should a function occlusal record be taken when taking impressions?
to describe the exact position of the mandible in all 3 dimensions
26
What should be adjusted
clasps so they fit and are retentive
27
how long should functional appliances be work
24 hours- only removed for cleaning, sport, musical instrument
28
what should you measure at review appointments
OJ
29
How is the success outcome measured>
OJ- reduced to 2mm
30
What is partial success?
OJ is 50% less than measurement at beginning
31
which study investigated the success of functional appliances and what were the results
Cohen 1/3 success 1/3 some progress 1/3 no change
32
can functional appliance be used in permanent dentition?
unlikely- end up having orthognathic surgery
33
why is age 10 the best timing for functional appliance
growth potention degree of parental control E space
34
what is the E space/leeway space
5 permanent successor is smaller than the E so when the 5 erupts the extra space is called the leeway space