Fungi & Parasites Flashcards
(17 cards)
F Pt with Candidemia must examine
Skin & eyes (chorioretinitis with WHITE, cotton wool patches)
F Candidemia results 3 deadly sy
1) Septic peripheral thromophlebitis TX resect any suppurative peripheral vein
2) Septic thrombosis of great central veins- edema upper body
3) Hepatosplenic candidiasis
F Cryptococcus Found, SX
Found- pigeon droppings
SX- pneumonia may form cavitary lesions, peripheral “cannon ball” skin lesions, meningoencephalitis (esp T-cell deficient pt)
F Coccidioides immitis Found, SX, TX
Found- Southwest US (Death Valley) & Northern Mexico
Sx- flu-like illness w/ erythema multiforme &/or erythema nodosum
TX-
-Severe but No CNS- Ampho B
- Severe + CNS- Fluconazole
F Histoplasma Found, SX, TX
Found- Mississippi & Ohio River, bat/bird droppings
SX- interstitial pneumonia, palate ulcers,splenomegaly, 1/3 anemia, neutropenia or pancytopenia
TX-
-Chronic/severe- itraconazole
- Disseminated- Ampho B then itraconazole
F Blastomyces Found, SX, TX
Found- Arkansas & wisconsin, beaver dam
SX- similar Histo plus crusted skin lesion & bone lesions
TX- Severe- Itraconazole or ampho B
F Malassezia furfur 2 types Dz ?
1) tinea versicolor- hypo/hyperpigmented patches
2) fever, BL interstitial pulmonary infiltrates, increase WBC & thrombocytopenia
- Found- NICU babies receiving IV lipids & TPN
- DX- cultured w/ olive oil
F Sporotrichosis Found, Types & TX
Found- plants
Types (4) & Tx
- Cutaneous & lymphangitic- PO potassium iodine OR itraconazole
- Pulmonary & Disseminated- Ampho B or itraconazole
F Mucor
- Immunocompromised –> necrotizing, cavitating pneumonia w/ pulmonary infarcts
- DM–> sinusitis, rhinocerebral mucormycosis (black necrotic spot nose extends intracranially)
F Aspergillus can cause
necrotizing, cavitating pneumonia (along with mucor)
PPI Toxoplasma gondii Found, DX, TX
Found- cats & shed in feces
DX- high IgM antibody
TX- see hand out
PPI Toxoplasma gondii’s types
1) Immunocompetent- “mono”-like illness
2) Pregnant w/ congenital toxo- MR & necrotizing chorioretinitis
3) Immunocompromised- CNS inf & multiple mass lesions 2nd reactivation latent dz
4) Localized ocular toxo- retinal YELLOW-white cotton patches w/ irregular scarring
PPI Toxoplasma gondii’s more likely to acquire vs dz severity
- More likely to acquire mom gets dz later in pregnangy
- Severity worst earlier in pregnancy
PPI Cryptosporidium SX, DX
SX- Immunocomp- pesistent watery diarrhea refractory Tx
DX- Acid fast small & round
PPI Isospora belli SX,DX, TX
SX- Immunocomp- pesistent watery diarrhea
DX- acid fast large & oval
TX- TMP/SMX
PPI Cyclospora
Found- Rasberry
SX- Diarrhea, flu-like illness w/ low grade fever
PPI Plasmodium falciparum
-worst type
DX-blood smear banana gameocytes
