Viruses

Question 1

Tzanck Test

Answer 1

• used for HSV-1 -show multinucleated giant cell

Question 2

Most common infectious cause blindness industrialized nation

Answer 2

recurrent HSV-1 eye inf

Question 3

Temporal lobe seizure

Answer 3

• abnormal behavior, smell burning rubber -seen in neonatal HSV inf

Question 4

Varicella

Answer 4

-incubation 10-21 days - rash “dew drops on a rose petal” - contagious 1-2 days prior rash & till crusted

Question 5

Most common complication of varicella

Answer 5

• secondary bacterial inf - Transient cerebellar ataxia & encephalitis -Pneumonia in older pt

Question 6

Varicella birth defects

Answer 6

Mom inf either <5 days B4 delivery or 48hrs after - cicatricial skin scarring -limb atrophy - corticol atrophy, seizures - chorioretinitis

Question 7

Varicella phrophylaxis pregnant exposed

Answer 7

• zoster IgG WITHIN 4 days

Question 8

Avoid which drugs in Varicella inf

Answer 8

• Aspirin –> Reyes Sy - Ibuprofen –> S. pyogenes inf

Question 9

Which drugs are shown to decrease incidence post-herpatic neuralgia

Answer 9

• famciclovir & valacyclovir

Question 10

Cytomegalic inclusion dz

Answer 10

• Blueberry muffin baby -Microcephaly -chorioretinitis -sensorineural hearing loss -Periventricular intracerebral calcifications (“circumvent ventricles”)

Question 11

post-transplant systemic CMV inf

Answer 11

concurrent -itise - encephalitis, hepatitis, retiniti (has retinal blanching & hemorrhage), etc

Question 12

Major toxicities of ganciclovir

Answer 12

• granulocytopenia & low platelets

Question 13

EBV EBNA+

Answer 13

covalescent or post-EBV

Question 14

EBV associated w/

Answer 14

• oral hairy leukoplakia
• nasopharyngeal carcinoma
• Burkitt lymphoma

Question 15

Rubella SX

Answer 15

• post-auricular adenopathy
• Rash- spreads from face to legs
• low grade fever
• Forchherimer spots- red spots on soft palate

Question 16

Measles (Rubeola)

Answer 16

• Cough, Coryza & Conjuctivitis w/ photophobia
• Koplik spots on buccal mucosa

_Rash- spread & resolves hairline & down

Question 17

What Vit deficiency causes more sever eye dz in Rubeola?

Answer 17

• Vit A w/ cornela ulcers & loss of vision

Question 18

Rubeola prophylaxis

Question 19

Enterovirus 71

Answer 19

• Hand-foot & mouth dz (along w/ Coxsa A24, A5, A10)
• herpangina
• subconjuctival hemorrage (along w/ Coxsa A24)
• brain stem enephalomyelitis
• cardiopulmonary issues

Question 20

Herpangina ass w/ which coxsa

Answer 20

coxsa group A

Question 21

Myocarditis/Pericarditis ass w/ which virus

Answer 21

Group B Coxsax OR Echovirus

Question 22

POli has what type of paralysis

Answer 22

descending

Question 23

How diagnose Rabies

Answer 23

• Negri spots in cytoplasm of neurons from biopsy of nerve fibers from neck
• PCR saliva, CSF, blood

Question 24

Complication of mumps

Answer 24

Deafness

Question 25

Erythema infectiosum (fifth dz)

Answer 25

- slapped cheeck lattice-like rash worst w/ sun or warm bath

Question 26

Adolescent that lives southwest dessert p/w sever hemorrhagic pneumo, thrombocytopenia & inc Hct

Answer 26

Hantavirus

Question 27

Dengue Fever

Answer 27

- found tropics SX: - rapid onset high fever - severe joint/muscle pain - red rash Resolves then again develop up/down fever & rash looks like measles

Question 28

Which are the papillomavirus that are ass w/ cervical cancer

Answer 28

HPV Type 16,18 & 31

Question 29

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Answer 29

- 2nd measle virus - p/w measles age \<2 then age 10 p/w dementia, myoclonus & seizures

Question 30

Creutzfeld-Jakob Dz

Answer 30

- caused by prions - SX; myoclonus & severe dementia - Die 5 months NO Tx

Question 31

varient Creutzfeld-Jakob Dz

Answer 31

- trasmitted from cows thru prion. From ENgland SX- early psych sx & late neuro sx (eg ataxia)

Question 32

HIV Diagnoses in infants of infected mothers \< 18mo

Answer 32

- 2 PCRover 4 months

Question 33

HIV Diagnoses in infants \> 18mo

Answer 33

ELISA test

Question 34

most common opportunistic inf in AID pt

Answer 34

Pneumocystic jiroveci p/w insidious onset fever, cough & SOB

Question 35

If AIDS pt pw acute onset pulmonary sx what tx fro

Answer 35

Community acquired pnuemonia

Question 36

Threshold starte PCP phrophy & TX

Answer 36

- 1-12mo all of them - 1-5yo CD4\<500 - \>6yo \<200 - TX- TMP/SMX OR atova

Question 37

DIagnosis PCP

Answer 37

- methenamine silver stain of sample from bronc or BAL

Question 38

Treatment severe PCP (PO2 \< 70 or AA gradiet \>35)

Answer 38

- BActrim OR IV pentamidien + high dose steroids

Question 39

Cryptococcus involves ... & DX, TX

Answer 39

- lung & CNS - cryptococca antigen test of CSF or blood - Amphotericin B then PO fluconazole

Question 40

Histoplasma

Answer 40

- HIV + pt p/w interstitial pneumonia, palate ulcers, splenomegaly & BM supression

Question 41

What can cause a necrotizing, cavitating pneumonia in AIDS pt

Answer 41

- Aspergillus & Mucor

Question 42

Chronic diarrhea in AIDS pt

Answer 42

Cryptosporidium (acid fast)

Question 43

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 43

- ring enhancing lesions in brain