G+D infant Flashcards

Question

motor development - gross

Answer 1

random, diffuse, uncoordinated; reflexes carry out bodily functions and responses to external stimuli

Answer 2

1 mo: marked head lag 3 mo: hold up 4 -6 mo: well established head control

Answer 3

5 mo: roll from belly to back 6 mo: roll from back to belly, sit with support 7 mo: sit alone leaning forward on hands 8 mo: sit unsupported 10 mo: from prone or supine to sitting

Answer 4

4 -6 mo: increasing coordination in arms - push backwards 6-7 mo: bear all of their weight on their legs 8 -10: crawl forward on belly 9 mo: stand holding furniture 11 mo: creep on hands and knees 10 -12 mo: cruise, sit down from upright 12 mo: walk well with one hand held - take 1st steps independently shortly after

Answer 5

1-3 mo: grasp reflex then voluntary 1 mo: hand mostly closed 3 mo: hands to midline, desire to grasp 5 mo: 2 handed, voluntary grasp 4 -6 mo: bring to mouth 6 mo: hold bottle, grasp feet 7 mo: transfer from hand to hand 8-9 mo: pincer grasp 11-12 mo: refined pincer grasp

Answer 6

hold head erect in mid position turn form side back

Answer 7

hold head erect and steady open or close hand loosely hold object put in hand

Answer 8

sit with adequate support may roll over front to back hold head erect and steady while sitting bring hands together at midline and play with fingers grasp objects with both hands

Answer 9

balance head well when sitting sit with slight support pull feet to mouth when supine grasp objects with whole hand hold one object while looking at another

Answer 10

sit alone briefly turn completely over lift chest and upper abdomen when prone hold own bottle

Answer 11

sit alone hold cup imitate simple acts of others

Answer 12

sit alone steadily drink from cup with assistance eat finger food than can be held in one hand

Answer 13

rise to sitting position alone crawl (pull body while prone) hold bottle with good hand mouth coordination

Answer 14

creeps well, walk with help, bring hands together

Answer 15

walk holding onto furniture, stand erect with minimal support

Answer 16

stand alone for variable length of time sit down from standing position alone walk in few steps with help or alone (hands at shoulder height for balance) pick up small bits of food and transfer to mouth

Answer 17

preconventional morality obedience and punishment orientation: stage 1 because children do not speak as members of society, they see morality as external, they listen to the big people, they assume powerful authorities hand down fixed rule sets they must obey

Answer 18

trust vs mistrust in sync with caregiver, cannot tolerate frustration, entirely dependent upon caregivers so the quality of care they receive is important to shape personality

Answer 19

sensorimotor progress from simple reflex to simple repetitive acts leanrs they are separate from others and objects object permanence begin to use symbols intelligence takes form of motor actions: reflexive (birth - 1m), primary circular reactions ( 1-4 m), secondary circular reactions (4-8m), coordinaiton of secondary (9-12m)

Answer 20

begin at birth from parental feedbakc (+ and accepting) oral sensitivity, skin to skin, acceptance by parents

Answer 21

attachment - depends on infants ability to discriminate mother from others and object permanence, parent- infant attachment is critical to mental health crying brings attention, smile in response to others smile, stranger anxiety, responds socially to his name

Answer 22

different crying, smiling, vocalization, cry when mother leaves room, visual motor orientation (look more at mom), approach through locomotion, cling, explore away from mother and use her as base

Answer 23

1wk: preference for human face 6-8 wk: social smile 3 mo: excitement at new things 6 mo: very personable and interactive 7 mo: imitate actions and noises, show displeasure 8 mo: imitate sounds 9-10 mo: mouths understand simple commands and "on" 10 mo: play games (pat a cake and peekaboo) 12 mo: can be very interactive showing pleasure and displeasure, doing some things themselves

Answer 24

emotional deprivation during first 3 years physical growth slower, more prone to infections and disease stages: 1- protest, 2- despair, 3-detach

Answer 25

occurs after maladaptive or absent attachment child may refuse to make eye contacts, poor impulse control, destructive to self and others may lead to antisocial nursing intervention: warm, responsive, and interactive with infant during separation

Answer 26

6-7 mo - child-parent bond

Answer 27

9-10 mo, peak 12 -15 mo, linger

Answer 28

birth: hearing and touch well developed, sight not fully developed until 6 years 2m: smile, search and turn head to locate sounds 6 mo: has taste preference 7mo: respond to own name 12 mo: able to follow objects 1 yr: vocalize 4 words

Answer 29

instable, rapid changes affection for family 10 mo: express several beginning recognizable emotions (anger, sad, pleasure, jealous, anx, affection) 12 mo: clearly distinguishable emotions

Answer 30

loss of caregivers loud noises lights sudden movement

Answer 31

first 4 mo: 16 - 20 hrs 5 mo: most sleep through night with 2 daytime naps

Answer 32

not differentiated, smile and squeal

Answer 33

show some discriminant interest 4 mo: laugh aloud major focus: sensory stim, learn to distinguish self from env solitary play: short, talk, sing, laugh, read, relationship is important appropriate toys

Answer 34

have sensorimotor skills and discriminate between who they will play with major focus: promote security, sensory stim, gross and fine motor stim, begin casual relationships, object permanence more interactive appropriate toys type of toys not as important as the quality of interaction with the people they play with

Answer 35

cry 1-1.5 hrs/day up to 3 weeks; up to 2-4 hrs/day at 6 wk, then decrease by end of year, will have specific cry for different needs and wants vocalization at 5-6 wk

Answer 36

2 mo: coo, cry is differentiated 3-4 mo: consonant sounds, laugh aloud 5-7 mo: vowel sounds 8 mo: imitating sounds, combine syllables 9-10 mo: understand simple commands and no 12 mo: can say 3-5 words with meaning besides mama and dada

Answer 37

BAER test at birth ability to hear correlates with proper enunciation always ask about hx of otitis media early referral to asses effusion - infections can scar tympanic membrane repeat hearing screening test slp prn

Answer 38

unable to sit alone by 9 mo unable to transfer objects from hand to hand by age 1 abnormal pincer grip or grasp by age 15 mo unable to walk alone by 18 mo failure to speak recognizable words by 2 yrs

Answer 39

the easy child slow to warm up child difficult child

Answer 40

separation and stranger anx spoiled child: not crying in early infancy, normal toddler negativism and tantrums, difficult temperament or attention deficit, or effects of extreme stress in home need consistent clear guidelines and rules

Answer 41

infant discipline (6-18 mo) set limits to ensure safety start with stern no, negative eye contact, removing child from unsafe situation use gestures

G+D infant Flashcards

(65 cards)