immunizations

Question 1

communicable disease

Answer 1

transferred from one person to another

Question 2

mode of transmission

Answer 2

how disease is transmitted

Question 3

incubation period

Answer 3

time from exposure to initial symptoms

Question 4

prodromal period

Answer 4

early symptoms and when you feel bad

Question 5

period of communicability

Answer 5

infectious period

Question 6

goals of immunization

Answer 6

eliminate preventable disease, increase all recommended vaccinations of 2+ to at least 90%, prevent disease and outbreak

Question 7

nursing responsibilities

Answer 7

maintain adequate records: day, month, year, manufacturer, expiration date, lot#, name, address, title of administrator
proper admin, storage
educate and support fam
know UTD info

Question 8

why parents dont

Answer 8

fear of side effects, child’s medical condition, religion, inadequate knowledge, lack of resources, ineffective support for caregivers

Question 9

live attenuated virus

Answer 9

inactivated microorganisms or fractions of it
mmr, varicella, flumist

Question 10

killed vaccine

Answer 10

or inactivated
whole microbes killed by heat or chm or simply the important park of microbe that provokes immune response

Question 11

toxoid

Answer 11

modified toxin made non toxic but still stim immune to form antitoxin

Question 12

human immune sero globulin

Answer 12

antibodies from humans
immunodeficient

Question 13

animal antitoxins

Answer 13

antibodies from animals that have been immunized with specific antigens and used to confer passive immunity and for treatment

Question 14

DTaP

Answer 14

3 components: diptheria, tetanus, pertusis
vaccinate pregnant women - P
5 dose
SE: fever, sore, red, swell; T can cause general malaise; P can cause seizures
contraindications: anaphylactic rxn, encephalopathy within 7 days, seizures with/without fever within 3 day period

Question 15

diptheria

Answer 15

toxoid
cause thick covering in back of throat, breathing problems, paralysis, HF, death

Question 16

tetanus

Answer 16

toxoid
painful tightening of muscles

Question 17

pertusis

Answer 17

available in inactivated form
whooping cough
causes coughing spells so bad infants cant drink, eat, breath
can lead to pna, seizures, brain damage, death

Question 18

Tdap

Answer 18

11-12 and have completed recommended DTaP series and have not received T and D toxoid booster

Question 19

polio

Answer 19

airborne virus - can cause paralysis and death
contraindications: allergic to neomyocin, streptomyocin, or polymixin B, wait if they have severe illness (mild cold ok)

Question 20

MMR

Answer 20

measles, mumps, rubella
SQ
12 mo and 4-6 yrs
SE: anorexia, fever (7-10 days after)
contraindications: pregnancy, immunodeficiency

Question 21

measles

Answer 21

virus
rash, cough, fever, lead to ear infection, pna, d, seizures, brain damage, death

Question 22

mumps

Answer 22

virus
fever, HA, swollen glands under jaw, lead to hearing loss, meningitis, males can have swollen and painful testes

Question 23

rubella

Answer 23

virus
rash, mild fever, swollen glands, arthritis
if F pregnant and get it they can lose babies and infant can be born deaf, blind, heart disease, brain damage

Question 24

HIB haemophilus indluenza type B

Answer 24

killed
bacteria causes meningitis, pna, infection of other body systems and can lead to death and permanent brain damage
2, 4, 6, 12-15 mo
IM
SE: fever
contraindications: none

Question 25

hep B

Answer 25

virus infects liver, can lead to acute illness, long term liver disease, liver failure, death birth, 2 mo, 6 mo IM contraindication: anaphylactic rxn to bakers yeast

Question 26

hep A

Answer 26

killed vaccine same as hep B 6 mo apart (12 and 18 mo) IM

Question 27

varicella

Answer 27

rash, slight fever, anorexia, lead to ear infections, pna, encephalitis, thombocytopenia live vaccine older you have it the more you react to it SE: pain and tenderness at sight contraindications: immunocompromised, pregnant, children receiving corticosteroids

Question 28

prevnar

Answer 28

killed vaccine fights pneumoccocus, leading cause of serious illness worldwide, most frequent cause of pna, bacteremia, sinusitis, and acute otitis media IM SE: injection site, drowsy, irritable, v/d contraindication: hypersensitivity to previous dose

Question 29

rotovirus

Answer 29

virus, lots of v/d - dehydration oral liquid have to be younger than 32 weeks

Question 30

flu

Answer 30

>6 mo that have asthma, cardiac disease, HIV, DM, sickle cell <8 need 2 injections 2 weeks apart the first time they receive

Question 31

tetanus

Answer 31

booster q 10 yrs

Question 32

synagsis

Answer 32

prenatal infants or high risk to reduce chance of getting RSV v expensive

Question 33

meningococcal

Answer 33

11-12, booster 16-18

Question 34

gardacil

Answer 34

3 dose, <40, start at 11, protect against HPV

Question 35

general contraindications

Answer 35

severe febrile illness - fever (wait) known allergic response to previous vaccine

Question 36

not contraindications

Answer 36

mod-severe local rxns, mild acute fever w/w/o illness, current abx, convalescent phase of therapy, prematurity, recent exposure to infectious disease, hx of non specific allergies

Question 37

alterations in immunization schedule

Answer 37

interrupted: resume where child left off un immunized: <1yr - begin regular schedule; >1yr - TD, IPV, MMR, HPV immunocompromised must not receive live vaccines